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Ballard HJ, Cotterrell D, Karim F. Analysis of submicromolar concentrations of adenosine in plasma using reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 4:207-19. [PMID: 16867617 DOI: 10.1016/0731-7085(86)80043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/1985] [Revised: 10/25/1985] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
A method is described for the determination of adenosine in small samples of plasma (< 1 ml) using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in either a simple isocratic or a gradient elution system which gives a clear separation of adenosine from other plasma constituents. Acetone is used to deproteinize plasma and chloroform to remove unwanted lipid soluble material prior to HPLC. 6-Methyladenosine is used as an internal standard for making corrections for changes in concentration during sample processing. Adenosine in plasma could be reliably detected at concentrations lower than its minimum effector concentration as a vasodilator (4 x 10(-8) Mol l(-1) using the isocratic system and 1.9 x 10(-8) Mol l(-1) with gradient elution). The recoveries of adenosine added to blood at concentrations ranging from 2 x 10(-8) Mol l(-1) to 1.4 x 10(-6) Mol l(-1) were from 101.4 +/- 16.9% (n = 4) to 100.0 +/- 3.6% (n = 5). The present method provides a simple, sensitive and selective assay for submicromolar concentrations of adenosine in plasma with good recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Ballard
- Department of Physiology, The University, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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2
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Kim J, Lee J. Observation and quantification of self-associated adenosine extracted from royal jelly products purchased in USA by HPLC. Food Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2010.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Presence of oxygen-consuming ribonucleotide reductase in corrinoid-deficientPropionibacterium freudenreichii. Arch Microbiol 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02529986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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4
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Niedzwicki JG, Liou C, Abernethy DR, Lima JE, Hoyt A, Lieberman M, Bethlenfalvay NC. Adenosine deaminase isoenzymes of the opossum Didelphis virginiana: initial chromatographic and kinetic studies. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 1995; 111:291-8. [PMID: 7599990 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(94)00249-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Extracts of liver and spleen were used to isolate opossum adenosine deaminase isoenzymes (ADA1 and ADA2) and to determine their activities with adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine as substrates. Km values (microM) for adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine, respectively, as substrates for partially purified opossum liver adenosine deaminase isoenzymes were ADA1: 57 +/- 7 vs. 26 +/- 4 and ADA2: 285 +/- 25 vs. 580 +/- 92. In crude spleen extract, ADA2 activity was stable at 56 degrees C during 40 min of incubation. ADA1 activity declined in a linear fashion under the above conditions with an apparent T1/2 of 80 min. Sephadex G-150 column chromatography of crude spleen extract showed the apparent molecular weight of the ADA activity not inhibited by (+/-)-EHNA (i.e. ADA2) to be 170 kDa; ADA activity fully inhibited by (+/-)-EHNA (i.e. ADA1) eluted in the fractions corresponding to a molecular weight of 35 kDa.
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Bethlenfalvay NC, Lima JE, Banks RE. The effect of enzyme replacement on red cell adenine deoxyribonucleotides in adenosine deaminase-deficient erythrocytes of the opossum, Didelphis virginiana. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1993; 106:635-9. [PMID: 8281757 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(93)90141-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
1. Polyethyleneglycol-modified bovine adenosine deaminase was administered (10-20 U/kg/week) intramuscularly to two opossums for 15 weeks and changes in red cell adenine ribo- and deoxyribonucleotides quantitated by HPLC. 2. Only a moderate decline of erythrocyte dAXP was observed at the end of the study when compared to results of enzyme replacement seen in human adenosine deaminase deficient patients. 3. Opossum red cells salvage substantial amounts of deoxyadenosine provided in physiologic (50 nM) concentration from plasma having either low or high adenosine deaminase activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Bethlenfalvay
- Department of Primary Care, Fitzsimons Army Medical Center, Aurora, CO 80045
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6
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Riley CM, Ault JM, Klutman NE. Chromatographic methods for the bioanalysis of antiviral agents. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1990; 531:295-368. [PMID: 2258420 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)82287-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The present review has concentrated on chromatographic techniques for the quantitative determination of antiviral drugs in biological samples. Special attention has been paid to the elements of chromatographic assays that are essential to ensure selectivity, sensitivity, accuracy and precision of the various methods. Wherever possible, attempts have been made to determine the suitability of the methods for application to investigations in pharmacokinetics in man and experimental animals, biopharmaceutics, therapeutic drug monitoring, metabolism and pharmacology. Because of the serious consequences of infection from material contaminated with viruses, special consideration has been given to the handling of contaminated samples. It was convenient to divide the antiviral drugs for the purpose of this review into two groups, the nucleoside and the non-nucleoside antiviral drugs. The nucleosides discussed are vidarabine, cytarabine, ribavirin, riboxamide, acyclovir, ganciclovir, desciclovir, carbovir, 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine, 2',3'-dideoxycytidine, zidovudine, 2',3'-dideoxyinosine, 2',3'-didehydro-3'-deoxythymidine, idoxuridine, 5-(2-bromovinyl)-2'-deoxyuridine, 2'-fluoro-5-iodoaracytidine and 5-iodo-2'-deoxycytidine. The non-nucleoside antiviral drugs discussed are arildone, amantidine, rimantidine, moroxydine, enviroxime, foscarnet and ampligen.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Riley
- Center for BioAnalytical Research, University of Kansas, Lawrence 66046
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7
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Blau PA, Hines JW, Voyksner RD. Application of high-performance liquid chromatography and thermospray high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to the analysis and identification of 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine and its metabolite in biological media. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1987; 420:1-12. [PMID: 3499445 DOI: 10.1016/0378-4347(87)80149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) procedures are described for determining the stability of 2',3'-dideoxyadenosine (DDA) in biological fluids at therapeutic dosages. The validated methodology uses both direct injection and solid-phase extraction techniques. Deamination of DDA to 2',3'-dideoxyinosine (DDI) in plasma by adenosine deaminase was monitored by HPLC, and the identification of DDI verified by thermospray HPLC-mass spectrometry. This methodology should prove useful in future studies concerning the stability and metabolism of dideoxynucleosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Blau
- Analytical and Chemical Sciences, Research Triangle Institute, NC 27709
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8
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Simpson RC, Brown PR. High-performance liquid chromatographic profiling of nucleic acid components in physiological samples. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1986; 379:269-311. [PMID: 3525591 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)80687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The papers reviewed represent recent progress in HPLC profiling of nucleic acid components in physiological samples. Each method was designed for a particular application and possesses certain inherent advantages and/or disadvantages. Many methods are simply modifications of previous procedures. Although some methodologies appear to be superior to others, there is no "best" method for universal usage. The analyst must use the procedure which is best suited for the particular application at hand. This review is meant to be a starting point for the chromatographer who is comparing and evaluating HPLC methods for a given application.
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Morris GS, Simmonds HA, Davies PM. Use of biological fluids for the rapid diagnosis of potentially lethal inherited disorders of human purine and pyrimidine metabolism. Biomed Chromatogr 1986; 1:109-18. [PMID: 3506820 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.1130010305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Inherited purine and pyrimidine disorders may be associated with serious, sometimes life-threatening consequences. Early and accurate diagnosis is essential. Difficulties encountered when using existing high pressure liquid chromatographic (HPLC) methods led to the development of an improved method based on prior fractionation of urine. The advantages are as follows. 1. Production of fingerprints demonstrating altered urinary excretion patterns characteristic of any one of ten different disorders, in 30 minutes. 2. Positive identification and quantification by comparison with established methods (using conventional chromatography, electrophoresis and UV spectrophotometry) in addition to specific retention times and characteristic UV absorbance ratios at two separate wavelengths (245 and 280 nm) by HPLC. 3. Direct analysis of all the purines and pyrimidines normally found in human body fluids as well as identification of abnormal compounds. 4. Short time between successive analyses while maintaining excellent resolution between compounds of interest and column longevity. 5. Improved separation of the different adenine-based compounds encountered in some disorders, plus demonstration of potential interference by dietary or drug metabolites. 6. Applicability to the monitoring of therapy involving a variety of different purine and pyrimidine analogues. Particular attention should be paid to sample preparation. Plasma profiles will confirm the diagnosis in some, but not all, of these disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- G S Morris
- Purine Laboratory, United Medical School, Guy's, London, U.K
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Flow-injection determination of adenosine and inosine in blood plasma with immobilized enzyme columns connected in series and fluorimetric detection. Anal Chim Acta 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-2670(00)81781-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Post GR, Fischer AG. Hypoxanthine and adenine metabolism in bovine thyroid tissue. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1986; 18:63-6. [PMID: 3753691 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(86)90009-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxanthine was converted primarily to uric acid by thyroid tissue slices and homogenates with little inosine 5'-monophosphate formation while adenine was essentially all salvaged to adenosine 5'-monophosphate by similar tissue preparations. The ratio of hypoxanthine/guanine phosphoribosyltransferase activity to adenine phosphoribosyltransferase activity was 0.15 in the thyroid homogenates.
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12
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Morris GS, Simmonds HA. A single system for the evaluation of purine and pyrimidine nucleosides and bases together with their analogues in biological fluids. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1986; 195 Pt A:593-9. [PMID: 3728186 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-5104-7_99] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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13
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Mitchell BS, Sidi Y, Hershfield M, Koller CA. Biochemical consequences of adenosine deaminase inhibition in vivo. Differential effects in acute and chronic T cell leukemia. Ann N Y Acad Sci 1985; 451:129-37. [PMID: 3878114 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb27103.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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14
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Sidi Y, Mitchell BS. 2'-deoxyguanosine toxicity for B and mature T lymphoid cell lines is mediated by guanine ribonucleotide accumulation. J Clin Invest 1984; 74:1640-8. [PMID: 6334099 PMCID: PMC425341 DOI: 10.1172/jci111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Inherited deficiency of the enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP) results in selective and severe T lymphocyte depletion which is mediated by its substrate, 2'-deoxyguanosine. This observation provides a rationale for the use of PNP inhibitors as selective T cell immunosuppressive agents. We have studied the relative effects of the PNP inhibitor 8-aminoguanosine on the metabolism and growth of lymphoid cell lines of T and B cell origin. We have found that 2'-deoxyguanosine toxicity for T lymphoblasts is markedly potentiated by 8-aminoguanosine and is mediated by the accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate. In contrast, the growth of T4+ mature T cell lines and B lymphoblast cell lines is inhibited by somewhat higher concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine (ID50 20 and 18 microM, respectively) in the presence of 8-aminoguanosine without an increase in deoxyguanosine triphosphate levels. Cytotoxicity correlates instead with a three- to fivefold increase in guanosine triphosphate (GTP) levels after 24 h. Accumulation of GTP and growth inhibition also result from exposure to guanosine, but not to guanine at equimolar concentrations. B lymphoblasts which are deficient in the purine salvage enzyme hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase are completely resistant to 2'-deoxyguanosine or guanosine concentrations up to 800 microM and do not demonstrate an increase in GTP levels. Growth inhibition and GTP accumulation are prevented by hypoxanthine or adenine, but not by 2'-deoxycytidine. 8-Aminoguanosine appears to effectively inhibit extracellular PNP activity; thus, it prolongs the extracellular half-life of 2'-deoxyguanosine and guanosine, but does not completely inhibit intracellular PNP activity in these lymphoid cells. As a result, 2'-deoxyguanosine and guanosine are phosphorolyzed and actively salvaged within the cell, accounting for the accumulation of GTP. Partial inhibition of PNP activity in vivo, therefore, may lead to nonselective cellular toxicity by a mechanism independent of dGTP accumulation.
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Abstract
A method for analysis of plasma adenosine which combines the principles of radioisotope dilution and enzymatic catalysis is presented. Plasma from venous heparinized blood containing the adenosine deaminase inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin is mixed with a small amount of [3H]adenosine and extracted with perchloric acid. Using highly purified enzyme and [gamma-32P]GTP as the phosphate donor, the neutralized extract then serves as substrate for adenosine kinase, and the AMP product is purified by high-performance liquid chromatography. Adenosine concentrations in plasma are linearly proportional to 32P/3H ratios in the enzymatically synthesized AMP and are calculated from a standard curve. The advantages of the method are: ease of sample preparation; sensitivity of 20 nM in as little as 0.3 ml plasma; 20 samples per day can be analyzed by a single operator. Care must be used when obtaining plasma since cellular contamination will affect results. Using this assay, human plasma adenosine levels are 0.121 +/- 0.054 microM for males and 0.101 +/- 0.067 microM for females.
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Bredehorst R, Wielckens K, Kupper EW, Schnabel W, Hilz H. Quantification without purification of blood and tissue adenosine by radioimmunoassay. Anal Biochem 1983; 135:156-64. [PMID: 6670736 DOI: 10.1016/0003-2697(83)90745-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Highly specific anti-adenosine antibodies were produced in rabbits by the injection of N6-carboxymethyl adenosine-methylated serum albumin conjugates. They were used to develop a radioimmunoassay allowing the quantitation of adenosine in the range 0.1-10 pmol per sample. Inosine did not interfere except at 300 times higher concentrations, while AMP (ATP) did not displace the [3H]adenosine tracer even at 10(5) (10(6) ) times higher amounts. Due to the high specificity of the anti-adenosine antibodies, determination of blood and tissue adenosine levels could be performed directly from perchloric acid extracts. Values for human peripheral venous blood from various donors obtained with this procedure varied between 46 and 148 pmol/ml blood. The procedure was also applied to HeLa cultures with low and high intracellular adenosine. The reliability of the method was demonstrated by comparative analyses using HPLC purification of adenosine prior to the radioimmunoassay.
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Eells JT, Spector R. Determination of ribonucleosides, deoxyribonucleosides, and purine and pyrimidine bases in adult rabbit cerebrospinal fluid and plasma. Neurochem Res 1983; 8:1307-20. [PMID: 6656989 DOI: 10.1007/bf00964000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Purine and pyrimidine base and nucleoside levels were measured in adult rabbit cisternal CSF and plasma by reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. The concentrations of bases, nucleosides, and nucleoside phosphates were similar in plasma and CSF except for the adenosine phosphates and uracil which were higher in the plasma. In plasma and CSF, adenosine levels were low (0.12 microM) and guanosine, deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine, and deoxyinosine were not detectable (less than 0.1 microM); inosine and xanthine concentrations were 1-2 microM and hypoxanthine concentrations were approximately 5 microM; uridine (approximately 8 microM), cytidine (2-3 microM), and thymidine, deoxyuridine, and deoxycytidine (0.5-1.4 microM) were easily detectable. In both plasma and CSF, guanine, and thymine were undetectable (less than 0.1 microM), adenine and cytosine were less than 0.2 microM, but uracil was present (greater than 1 microM). Adenosine, inosine, and guanosine phosphates were also detectable at low concentrations in CSF and plasma. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that purine deoxyribonucleosides are synthesized in situ in the adult rabbit brain. In contrast, pyrimidine deoxyribonucleosides and ribonucleosides, and purine and pyrimidine bases are available in the CSF for use by the brain.
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Daddona PE, Mitchell BS, Meuwissen HJ, Davidson BL, Wilson JM, Koller CA. Adenosine deaminase deficiency with normal immune function. An acidic enzyme mutation. J Clin Invest 1983; 72:483-92. [PMID: 6603477 PMCID: PMC1129206 DOI: 10.1172/jci110996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In most instances, marked deficiency of the purine catabolic enzyme adenosine deaminase results in lymphopenia and severe combined immunodeficiency disease. Over a 2-yr period, we studied a white male child with markedly deficient erythrocyte and lymphocyte adenosine deaminase activity and normal immune function. We have documented that (a) adenosine deaminase activity and immunoreactive protein are undetectable in erythrocytes, 0.9% of normal in lymphocytes, 4% in cultured lymphoblasts, and 14% in skin fibroblasts; (b) plasma adenosine and deoxyadenosine levels are undetectable and deoxy ATP levels are only slightly elevated in lymphocytes and in erythrocytes; (c) no defect in deoxyadenosine metabolism is present in the proband's cultured lymphoblasts; (d) lymphoblast adenosine deaminase has normal enzyme kinetics, absolute specific activity, S20,w, pH optimum, and heat stability; and (e) the proband's adenosine deaminase exhibits a normal apparent subunit molecular weight but an abnormal isoelectric pH. In contrast to the three other adenosine deaminase-deficient healthy subjects who have been described, the proband is unique in demonstrating an acidic, heat-stable protein mutation of the enzyme that is associated with less than 1% lymphocyte adenosine deaminase activity. Residual adenosine deaminase activity in tissues other than lymphocytes may suffice to metabolize the otherwise lymphotoxic enzyme substrate(s) and account for the preservation of normal immune function.
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McMahon KK, Lesniewski RR, Fischer AG. Purine nucleoside and purine base concentrations in bovine thyroid and plasma. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1983; 15:947-52. [PMID: 6884570 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(83)90172-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of eight purine nucleosides and bases in bovine thyroid and plasma were determined by high pressure liquid chromatography. Plasma purines were metabolized to uric acid in the absence of inhibitors. The concentrations of these purines were 10-100 times greater in thyroid tissue than in plasma.
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Salvatore F, Colonna A, Costanzo F, Russo T, Esposito F, Cimino F. Modified nucleosides in body fluids of tumor-bearing patients. Recent Results Cancer Res 1983; 84:360-77. [PMID: 6844698 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81947-6_27] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The catabolism of nucleic acids, particularly tRNA, produces a variety of modified nucleosides which are not reutilized by mammalian cells. Investigation of these compounds in body fluids, mainly urine, has recently provided evidence of altered metabolic situations in tumor-bearing patients. The factors involved in the alterations of modified nucleosides formation are connected with altered tRNA-modifying enzymes and/or altered turnover of subpopulations of tRNA. A common pattern in tumor cells or tissues is the presence of isoaccepting tRNA species containing aberrant nucleoside modifications. Several modified nucleosides have been detected and quantitated by HPLC analysis of the urine of normal subjects and cancer patients. Results obtained, in the authors' laboratory, among others, indicate a possible correlation between urinary excretion of these compounds and the course of the disease, with implications for the follow-up of therapeutic treatment. Particular reference should be made to psi, which appears to be a suitable marker for monitoring these subjects. The data from the authors' laboratory also show that the analysis of modified nucleosides in blood may be considered a useful tool in the search for proper markers associated with the cancer status. In this respect psi is suggested as a biochemical indicator for cancer patients.
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Agarwal RP, Major PP, Kufe DW. Simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic method for analysis of nucleosides in biological fluids. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1982; 231:418-24. [PMID: 7130318 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)81866-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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22
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Kefford RF, Fox RM. Deoxycoformycin-induced response in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: deoxyadenosine toxicity in non-replicating lymphocytes. Br J Haematol 1982; 50:627-36. [PMID: 6978147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1982.tb01963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of severe immunodeficiency disease in children with inherited adenosine deaminase deficiency, and reports of remission induction in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia with the adenosine deaminase inhibitor deoxycoformycin, prompted a study of the effects of deoxyadenosine on resting peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) and chronic lymphocytic leukaemic (CLL) lymphocytes in short-term culture. In the presence of an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase, micromolar concentrations of dAdo caused elevation of deoxyadenosine-5'-triphosphate (dATP) pools and in vitro lysis of non-dividing PBL and CLL lymphocytes. This death of non-replicating cells indicates a mechanism of deoxyadenosine toxicity independent of DNA replication and ribonucleotide reductase inhibition. Similar changes occurred in vivo in a patient with advanced CLL who responded to treatment with deoxycoformycin, 0.1 mg/kg, days 1-5, with a fall in the WCC from 102.0 x 10(9)/1 to 6.8 x 10(9)/l over 21 d. Therapeutic blockade of deoxyadenosine catabolism deserves further investigation both in the treatment of lymphoproliferative disease and as a method lympholytic immunosuppression.
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Zakaria M, Brown PR. High-performance liquid chromatography of nucleotides, nucleosides and bases. JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY 1981; 226:267-90. [PMID: 7033263 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4347(00)86062-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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24
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Kazmers IS, Mitchell BS, Dadonna PE, Wotring LL, Townsend LB, Kelley WN. Inhibition of purine nucleoside phosphorylase by 8-aminoguanosine: selective toxicity for T lymphoblasts. Science 1981; 214:1137-9. [PMID: 6795718 DOI: 10.1126/science.6795718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The guanosine analog 8-aminoguanosine is an effective inhibitor of the purine degradative enzyme purine nucleoside phosphorylase, both in vitro and in intact lymphoid cells. In a human lymphoblast tissue culture system, 8-aminoguanosine, in combination with low concentrations of 2'-deoxyguanosine, causes toxicity toward T cells but not B cells. The selective T cell toxicity correlates with increased accumulation of deoxyguanosine triphosphate in the treated T lymphoblasts.
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