The effect of D-penicillamine on the release of acid hydrolases from rat liver lysosomes induced by gamma-hexachlorcyclohexan

Effect of sodium thiomalate on immune complex-induced release of lysosomal enzymes from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes

The extracellular release of beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase from normal human polymorphonuclear leucocytes initiated with bovine serum albumin/anti-bovine serum albumin immune complex (15 micrograms/ml) was significantly inhibited (p less than 0.01) by pretreatment with increasing concentrations (10(-8) M, 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M) of sodium thiomalate in a time- and dose-related fashion. Also, beta-glucuronidase and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase exhibited similar responses to the effects of bovine serum albumin/anti-bovine serum albumin or sodium thiomalate. In contrast, neither bovine serum albumin/anti-bovine serum albumin nor sodium thiomalate provoked appreciable leakage of the cytoplasmic enzyme, lactate dehydrogenase. This indicates that cell integrity remains intact under the experimental conditions described.

Effects of D-penicillamine, dichlofenac sodium and gold sodium thiomalate upon the selective release of lysosomal enzymes from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes to immune complex

The selective release of beta-glucuronidase (beta-Gluc) and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (beta-Glm) from human polymorphonuclear leucocytes (PMN), initiated with bovine serum albumin/anti-bovine serum albumin (BSA/anti-BSA) immune complex (15 micrograms/ml-1) was significantly reduced by increasing concentrations (10(-7) M, 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M) of D-penicillamine (D-PEN) in a dose-dependent fashion. These effects upon the exocytosis of the lysosomal enzymes studied are in accordance with the results obtained previously in rats with adjuvant arthritis. In contrast, Dichlofenac Sodium (DICHL), which has been found to exert inhibitory activity upon extracellular release of beta-Gluc and beta-Glm in adjuvant arthritic rats in previous studies, had no significant in vitro effect on the exocytosis of these enzymes at the concentrations identical to those of D-PEN. Also, Gold Sodium Thiomalate (GST), in the same concentrations ranging from 10(-7) M-10(-5) M, failed to inhibit selective release of beta-Gluc and beta-Glm in the present investigations. Additionally, BSA/anti-BSA, D-PEN, DICHL and GST did not significantly produce the extracellular release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) indicating that under experimental conditions described the cell remained intact. Moreover, neither D-PEN, DICHL, GST or BSA/anti-BSA significantly changed the activities of lysosomal enzyme markers used in these experiments. The possible mechanism(s) of the observed phenomena are discussed.

The effects of benzo(a)pyrene on rat liver lysosomes

An i.p. injection of benzo(a)pyrene (BP; 10 mg/kg) into rats led to the progressive release of hepatic, beta-glucuronidase (beta-Gluc), beta-galactosidase (beta-Gal) and beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase (beta-Glm). This occurred prior to the appearance of altered cells or cell populations from which malignant transformations may gradually develop. The in vitro studies on the latency of beta-Gluc, Beta-Gal and beta-Glm in the lysosome-enriched rat liver suspension treated with BP showed that concentrations of 10(-7) M, 10(-6) M and 10(-5) M significantly decrease latency of all three lysosomal enzymes, the effect being time-dependent. These concentrations of BP did not alter the activities of beta-Gluc, b-Gal and beta-Glm in vitro. No significant alterations were observed in total enzyme activities, following in vivo and in vitro BP administration. BP exerts its effect on rat liver lysosomes by modifying the structural properties of the lysolemma, and may represent an early precarcinogenic change.