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A Walk in the Memory, from the First Functional Approach up to Its Regulatory Role of Mitochondrial Bioenergetic Flow in Health and Disease: Focus on the Adenine Nucleotide Translocator. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084164. [PMID: 33920595 PMCID: PMC8073645 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator (ANT) plays the fundamental role of gatekeeper of cellular energy flow, carrying out the reversible exchange of ADP for ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. ADP enters the mitochondria where, through the oxidative phosphorylation process, it is the substrate of Fo-F1 ATP synthase, producing ATP that is dispatched from the mitochondrion to the cytoplasm of the host cell, where it can be used as energy currency for the metabolic needs of the cell that require energy. Long ago, we performed a method that allowed us to monitor the activity of ANT by continuously detecting the ATP gradually produced inside the mitochondria and exported in the extramitochondrial phase in exchange with externally added ADP, under conditions quite close to a physiological state, i.e., when oxidative phosphorylation takes place. More than 30 years after the development of the method, here we aim to put the spotlight on it and to emphasize its versatile applicability in the most varied pathophysiological conditions, reviewing all the studies, in which we were able to observe what really happened in the cell thanks to the use of the "ATP detecting system" allowing the functional activity of the ANT-mediated ADP/ATP exchange to be measured.
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Abstract
Members of the mitochondrial carrier family [solute carrier family 25 (SLC25)] transport nucleotides, amino acids, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, inorganic ions, and vitamins across the mitochondrial inner membrane. They are important for many cellular processes, such as oxidative phosphorylation of lipids and sugars, amino acid metabolism, macromolecular synthesis, ion homeostasis, cellular regulation, and differentiation. Here, we describe the functional elements of the transport mechanism of mitochondrial carriers, consisting of one central substrate-binding site and two gates with salt-bridge networks on either side of the carrier. Binding of the substrate during import causes three gate elements to rotate inward, forming the cytoplasmic network and closing access to the substrate-binding site from the intermembrane space. Simultaneously, three core elements rock outward, disrupting the matrix network and opening the substrate-binding site to the matrix side of the membrane. During export, substrate binding triggers conformational changes involving the same elements but operating in reverse.
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Affiliation(s)
- J J Ruprecht
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Keith Peters Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom; ,
| | - E R S Kunji
- Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, Keith Peters Building, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 0XY, United Kingdom; ,
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Ravaud S, Bidon-Chanal A, Blesneac I, Machillot P, Juillan-Binard C, Dehez F, Chipot C, Pebay-Peyroula E. Impaired transport of nucleotides in a mitochondrial carrier explains severe human genetic diseases. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:1164-9. [PMID: 22497660 DOI: 10.1021/cb300012j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) is a prominent actor in the energetic regulation of the cell, importing ADP into the mitochondria and exporting ATP toward the cytoplasm. Severe genetic diseases have been ascribed to specific mutations in this membrane protein. How minute, well-localized modifications of the transporter impact the function of the mitochondria remains, however, largely unclear. Here, for the first time, the relationship between all documented pathological mutations of the AAC and its transport properties is established. Activity measurements combined synergistically with molecular-dynamics simulations demonstrate how all documented pathological mutations alter the binding affinity and the translocation kinetics of the nucleotides. Throwing a bridge between the pathologies and their molecular origins, these results reveal two distinct mechanisms responsible for AAC-related genetic disorders, wherein the mutations either modulate the association of the nucleotides to the carrier by modifying its electrostatic signature or reduce its conformational plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Ravaud
- Université
Grenoble 1,
IBS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027
Grenoble cedex 1, France
- CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Axel Bidon-Chanal
- Nancy Université, BP239,
54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- CNRS, SRSMC, Nancy, France
| | - Iulia Blesneac
- Université
Grenoble 1,
IBS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027
Grenoble cedex 1, France
- CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Paul Machillot
- Université
Grenoble 1,
IBS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027
Grenoble cedex 1, France
- CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - Céline Juillan-Binard
- Université
Grenoble 1,
IBS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027
Grenoble cedex 1, France
- CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
| | - François Dehez
- Nancy Université, BP239,
54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- CNRS, SRSMC, Nancy, France
| | - Chris Chipot
- Nancy Université, BP239,
54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy Cedex, France
- CNRS, SRSMC, Nancy, France
| | - Eva Pebay-Peyroula
- Université
Grenoble 1,
IBS, Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027
Grenoble cedex 1, France
- CEA, IBS, Grenoble, France
- CNRS, IBS, Grenoble, France
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Mapping multiple potential ATP binding sites on the matrix side of the bovine ADP/ATP carrier by the combined use of MD simulation and docking. J Mol Model 2011; 18:2377-86. [PMID: 21989959 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-011-1255-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/22/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The mitochondrial adenosine diphosphate/adenosine triphosphate (ADP/ATP) carrier-AAC-was crystallized in complex with its specific inhibitor carboxyatractyloside (CATR). The protein consists of a six-transmembrane helix bundle that defines the nucleotide translocation pathway, which is closed towards the matrix side due to sharp kinks in the odd-numbered helices. In this paper, we describe the interaction between the matrix side of the AAC transporter and the ATP(4-) molecule using carrier structures obtained through classical molecular dynamics simulation (MD) and a protein-ligand docking procedure. Fifteen structures were extracted from a previously published MD trajectory through clustering analysis, and 50 docking runs were carried out for each carrier conformation, for a total of 750 runs ("MD docking"). The results were compared to those from 750 docking runs performed on the X-ray structure ("X docking"). The docking procedure indicated the presence of a single interaction site in the X-ray structure that was conserved in the structures extracted from the MD trajectory. MD docking showed the presence of a second binding site that was not found in the X docking. The interaction strategy between the AAC transporter and the ATP(4-) molecule was analyzed by investigating the composition and 3D arrangement of the interaction pockets, together with the orientations of the substrate inside them. A relationship between sequence repeats and the ATP(4-) binding sites in the AAC carrier structure is proposed.
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Zorov DB, Juhaszova M, Yaniv Y, Nuss HB, Wang S, Sollott SJ. Regulation and pharmacology of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore. Cardiovasc Res 2009; 83:213-25. [PMID: 19447775 PMCID: PMC2701724 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvp151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 05/04/2009] [Accepted: 05/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The 'mitochondrial permeability transition', characterized by a sudden induced change of the inner mitochondrial membrane permeability for water as well as for small substances (=1.5 kDa), has been known for three decades. Research interest in the entity responsible for this phenomenon, the 'mitochondrial permeability transition pore' (mPTP), has dramatically increased after demonstration that it plays a key role in the life and death decision in cells. Therefore, a better understanding of this phenomenon and its regulation by environmental stresses, kinase signalling, and pharmacological intervention is vital. The characterization of the molecular identity of the mPTP will allow identification of possible pharmacological targets and assist in drug design for its precise regulation. However, despite extensive research efforts, at this point the pore-forming core component(s) of the mPTP remain unidentified. Pivotal new genetic evidence has shown that components once believed to be core elements of the mPTP (namely mitochondrial adenine nucleotide translocator and cyclophilin D) are instead only mPTP regulators (or in the case of voltage-dependent anion channels, probably entirely dispensable). This review provides an update on the current state of knowledge regarding the regulation of the mPTP.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Steven J. Sollott
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, Gerontology Research Center, Box 13, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Aging, NIH, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, MD 21224-6825, USA
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Dehez F, Pebay-Peyroula E, Chipot C. Binding of ADP in the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier is driven by an electrostatic funnel. J Am Chem Soc 2008; 130:12725-33. [PMID: 18729359 DOI: 10.1021/ja8033087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The ADP/ATP carrier (AAC) is a membrane protein of paramount importance for the energy-fueling function of the mitochondria, transporting ADP from the intermembrane space to the matrix and ATP in the opposite direction. On the basis of the high-resolution, 2.2-A structure of the bovine carrier, a total of 0.53 micros of classical molecular dynamics simulations were conducted in a realistic membrane environment to decipher the early events of ADP (3-) translocation across the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Examination of apo-AAC underscores the impermeable nature of the carrier, impeding passive transport of permeants toward the matrix. The electrostatic funnel illuminated from three-dimensional mapping of the electrostatic potential forms a privileged passageway anticipated to drive the diphosphate nucleotide rapidly toward the bottom of the internal cavity. This conjecture is verified in the light of repeated, independent numerical experiments, whereby the permeant is dropped near the mouth of the mitochondrial carrier. Systematic association of ADP (3-) to the crevice of the AAC, an early event in its transport across the inner membrane, is accompanied by the formation of an intricate network of noncovalent bonds. Simulations relying on the use of an adaptive biasing force reveal for the first time that the proposed binding site corresponds to a minimum of the free energy landscape delineating the translocation of ADP (3-) in the carrier. The present work paves the way to the design of novel nucleotides and new experiments aimed at unveiling key structural features in the chronology of ADP/ATP transport across the mitochondrial membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Dehez
- Equipe de dynamique des assemblages membranaires, UMR No. 7565 CNRS-UHP, Nancy Université, BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy cedex, France
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Klingenberg M. The ADP and ATP transport in mitochondria and its carrier. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2008; 1778:1978-2021. [PMID: 18510943 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2008.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 455] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 04/24/2008] [Accepted: 04/24/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Different from some more specialised short reviews, here a general although not encyclopaedic survey of the function, metabolic role, structure and mechanism of the ADP/ATP transport in mitochondria is presented. The obvious need for an "old fashioned" review comes from the gateway role in metabolism of the ATP transfer to the cytosol from mitochondria. Amidst the labours, 40 or more years ago, of unravelling the role of mitochondrial compartments and of the two membranes, the sequence of steps of how ATP arrives in the cytosol became a major issue. When the dust settled, a picture emerged where ATP is exported across the inner membrane in a 1:1 exchange against ADP and where the selection of ATP versus ADP is controlled by the high membrane potential at the inner membrane, thus uplifting the free energy of ATP in the cytosol over the mitochondrial matrix. Thus the disparate energy and redox states of the two major compartments are bridged by two membrane potential responsive carriers to enable their symbiosis in the eukaryotic cell. The advance to the molecular level by studying the binding of nucleotides and inhibitors was facilitated by the high level of carrier (AAC) binding sites in the mitochondrial membrane. A striking flexibility of nucleotide binding uncovered the reorientation of carrier sites between outer and inner face, assisted by the side specific high affinity inhibitors. The evidence of a single carrier site versus separate sites for substrate and inhibitors was expounded. In an ideal setting principles of transport catalysis were elucidated. The isolation of intact AAC as a first for any transporter enabled the reconstitution of transport for unravelling, independently of mitochondrial complications, the factors controlling the ADP/ATP exchange. Electrical currents measured with the reconstituted AAC demonstrated electrogenic translocation and charge shift of reorienting carrier sites. Aberrant or vital para-functions of AAC in basal uncoupling and in the mitochondrial pore transition were demonstrated in mitochondria and by patch clamp with reconstituted AAC. The first amino acid sequence of AAC and of any eukaryotic carrier furnished a 6-transmembrane helix folding model, and was the basis for mapping the structure by access studies with various probes, and for demonstrating the strong conformation changes demanded by the reorientation mechanism. Mutations served to elucidate the function of residues, including the particular sensitivity of ATP versus ADP transport to deletion of critical positive charge in AAC. After resisting for decades, at last the atomic crystal structure of the stabilised CAT-AAC complex emerged supporting the predicted principle fold of the AAC but showing unexpected features relevant to mechanism. Being a snapshot of an extreme abortive "c-state" the actual mechanism still remains a conjecture.
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Santos JCA, Riet-Correa F, Simões SV, Barros CS. Patogênese, sinais clínicos e patologia das doenças causadas por plantas hepatotóxicas em ruminantes e eqüinos no Brasil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0100-736x2008000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Plantas que causam lesões hepáticas em ruminantes e eqüinos constituem um grupo importante de plantas tóxicas no Brasil. Em geral essas plantas podem ser divididas em três grandes grupos: plantas que causam necrose hepática aguda; plantas que causam fibrose hepática; e plantas que causam fotossensibilização. Em algumas dessas plantas os princípios tóxicos já foram identificados. Das plantas que causam necrose hepática aguda, os carboxiatractilosídeos estão presentes em Cestrum parqui e Xanthium cavanillesi. Os alcalóides pirrolizidínicos estão presentes nas plantas que causam fibrose hepática (Senecio spp., Echium plantagineum, Heliotropum spp. e Crotalaria spp.). Das plantas que causam fotossensibilização hepatógena são conhecidos os furanossesquiterpenos em Myoporum spp., triterpenos em Lantana spp., e saponinas esteroidais em Brachiaria spp. e Panicum spp. O quadro clínicopatológico dessas intoxicações e o mecanismo geral da insuficiência hepática, incluindo meios de diagnóstico, são descritos neste artigo de revisão.
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Nury H, Dahout-Gonzalez C, Trézéguet V, Lauquin GJM, Brandolin G, Pebay-Peyroula E. Relations between structure and function of the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier. Annu Rev Biochem 2007; 75:713-41. [PMID: 16451122 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.biochem.75.103004.142747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Import and export of metabolites through mitochondrial membranes are vital processes that are highly controlled and regulated at the level of the inner membrane. Proteins of the mitochondrial carrier family ( MCF ) are embedded in this membrane, and each member of the family achieves the selective transport of a specific metabolite. Among these, the ADP/ATP carrier transports ADP into the mitochondrial matrix and exports ATP toward the cytosol after its synthesis. Because of its natural abundance, the ADP/ATP carrier is the best characterized within MCF, and a high-resolution structure of one conformation is known. The overall structure is basket shaped and formed by six transmembrane helices that are not only tilted with respect to the membrane, but three of them are also kinked at the level of prolines. The functional mechanisms, nucleotide recognition, and conformational changes for the transport, suggested from the structure, are discussed along with the large body of biochemical and functional results.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Nury
- Institut de Biologie Structurale Jean-Pierre Ebel, UMR 5075 CEA-CNRS-Université Joseph Fourier, F-38027 Grenoble cedex 1, France.
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10
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Abstract
Exchange of organelle ATP with cytosolic ADP through the ADP/ATP carrier is a well-characterized feature of mitochondrial metabolism. Obligate intracellular bacteria, such as Rickettsia prowazekii, and higher-plant plastids possess another type of adenylate transporter, which exchanges bacterial or plastidic ADP for ATP from the eukaryotic (host cell) cytoplasm. The bacterial and plastidic transporters are similar but do not share significant sequence similarities with the mitochondrial carrier. Recent molecular and biochemical studies are providing deeper insight into the functional and evolutionary relationships between the bacterial and the plant transport proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Winkler
- Dept of Microbiology and Immunology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile 36688, USA.
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Abstract
Atractyloside (Atr) is a diterpenoid glycoside that occurs naturally in plants (many of which are used in ethnomedicines) found in Europe, Africa, South America, Asia and the far East. It is also present in animal grazing forage. Atr (and its analogues) may be present at levels as high as 600 mg/kg dried plant material. Consumption of the plants containing Atr or carboxyatractyloside (carboxyAtr) has caused fatal renal proximal tubule necrosis and/or centrilobular hepatic necrosis in man and farm animals. Although pure Atr and crude plant extracts disrupt carbohydrate homeostasis and induce similar pathophysiological lesions in the kidney and liver, it is also possible that the toxicity of Atr may be confounded by the presence of other natural constituents in plants. Atr competitively inhibits the adenine nucleoside carrier in isolated mitochondria and thus blocks oxidative phosphorylation. This has been assumed to explain changes in carbohydrate metabolism and the toxic effects in liver and kidney. Although the acute toxicity of Atr is well described, many aspects of Atr toxicity (subchronic and chronic toxicity, reproductive toxicity, mutagenicity and carcinogenicity) have not been investigated and pharmacokinetic and metabolism data are limited. In vitro proximal tubular cells are selectively sensitive to Atr, whereas other renal cell types are quite resistant. There are also differences in the response of liver and renal tissue to Atr. Thus, not all of the clinical, biochemical and morphological changes caused by Atr can simply be explained on the basis of inhibition of mitochondrial phosphorylation. The relevance to a wider human risk is shown by the presence of Atr analogues in dried roasted Coffea arabica beans (17.5 32 mg/kg). There are no data to help identify the risk of low dose chronic exposure in human coffee consumers, nor is there information on the levels of Atr or its analogues in other commonly consumed human foodstuffs.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Obatomi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos, Nigeria
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Fiore C, Trézéguet V, Le Saux A, Roux P, Schwimmer C, Dianoux AC, Noel F, Lauquin GJ, Brandolin G, Vignais PV. The mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier: structural, physiological and pathological aspects. Biochimie 1998; 80:137-50. [PMID: 9587671 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(98)80020-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Under the conditions of oxidative phosphorylation, the mitochondrial ADP/ATP carrier catalyses the one to one exchange of cytosolic ADP against matrix ATP across the inner mitochondrial membrane. The ADP/ATP transport system can be blocked very specifically by two families of inhibitors: atractyloside (ATR) and carboxyatractyloside (CATR) on one hand, and bongkrekic acid (BA) and isobongkrekic acid (isoBA) on the other hand. It is well established that these inhibitors recognise two different conformations of the carrier protein, the CATR- and BA-conformations, which exhibit different chemical, immunochemical and enzymatic reactivities. The reversible transition of the ADP/ATP carrier between the two conformations was studied by fluorometric techniques. This transconversion, which is only triggered by transportable nucleotides, is probably the same as that which occurs during the functioning of ADP/ATP transport system. The fluorometric approach, using the tryptophanyl residues of the yeast carrier as intrinsic fluorescence probes, was combined to a mutagenesis approach to elucidate the ADP/ATP transport mechanism at the molecular level. Finally, recent reports that myopathies might result from defect in ADP/ATP transport led us to develop a method to quantify the carrier protein in muscular biopsies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fiore
- UMR 314 CNRS, Département de Biologie Moléculaire et Structurale, CEA-Grenoble, France
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BRUNI A, LUCIANI S, BORTIGNON C. COMPETITIVE REVERSAL BY ADENINE NUCLEOTIDES OF ATRACTYLOSIDE EFFECT ON MITOCHONDRIAL ENERGY TRANSFER. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1996; 97:434-41. [PMID: 14323588 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(65)90154-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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HELDT HW, JACOBS H, KLINGENBERG M. ENDOGENOUS ADP OF MITOCHONDRIA, AN EARLY PHOSPHATE ACCEPTOR OF OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AS DISCLOSED BY KINETIC STUDIES WITH C14 LABELLED ADP AND ATP AND WITH ATRACTYLOSIDE. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1996; 18:174-9. [PMID: 14282014 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(65)90736-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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PUMPHREY AM, REDFEARN ER. INHIBITION OF SUCCINATE OXIDATION BY BARBITURATES IN TIGHTLY COUPLED MITOCHONDRIA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 74:317-27. [PMID: 14071576 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)91375-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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GREGG CT. OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION IN STABLE SONIC FRAGMENTS OF RAT-LIVER MITOCHONDRIA. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996; 74:573-87. [PMID: 14078921 DOI: 10.1016/0006-3002(63)91409-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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BRUNI A, CONTESSA AR, SCALELLA P. THE BINDING OF ATRACTYLOSIDE AND OLIGOMYCIN TO LIVER MITOCHONDRIA. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1996; 100:1-12. [PMID: 14323623 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(65)90421-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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GREGG CT, JOHNSON JR, HEISLER CR, REMMERT LF. INHIBITION OF OXIDATIVE PHOSPHORYLATION AND RELATED REACTIONS IN INSECT MITOCHONDRIA. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 1996; 82:343-9. [PMID: 14123568 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(64)90305-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Stubbs M, Vignais PV, Krebs HA. Is the adenine nucleotide translocator rate-limiting for oxidative phosphorylation? Biochem J 1978; 172:333-42. [PMID: 666751 PMCID: PMC1185700 DOI: 10.1042/bj1720333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
1. The effects of atractyloside and carboxyatractyloside (between 5 and 40mum) on O(2) uptake, glucose synthesis, urea synthesis, the adenine nucleotide content and the intracellular K(+) concentration were measured in isolated hepatocytes. 2. Urea synthesis was much less inhibited than glucose synthesis by both atractylosides. Measurements of intermediary metabolites of carbohydrate metabolism in freeze-clamped liver after injection of atractyloside into rats indicate that inhibition of gluconeogenesis is due to interference at the cytosolic reactions requiring ATP (phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase and 3-phosphoglycerate kinase). 3. The decrease in [ATP]/[ADP]x[P(i)] after addition of atractyloside or carboxyatractyloside was restricted to the cytosol. 4. Dihydroxyacetone can be converted either into glucose with the consumption of 2mol of ATP (per mol of glucose) or into lactate with the production of 2mol of ATP. In the presence of high concentrations of atractyloside and carboxyatractyloside more ATP was produced than was used for the synthesis of glucose from dihydroxyacetone, probably for the maintenance of intracellular [K(+)]. 5. When the rates of respiration were altered by changing substrates, the degrees of inhibition of respiration and translocation by a given concentration of the atractylosides were the same, whereas at a given concentration of HCN the degree of inhibition was high at higher initial rates, and low at lower initial rates. 6. Inhibition of a complex series of reactions by atractyloside does not necessarily indicate that the translocator is a rate-limiting step in that sequence as Th. P. M. Akerboom, H. Bookelman & J. M. Tager [(1977) FEBS. Lett.74, 50-54] assume. This point is discussed.
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Sotthibandhu R, Palmer JM. Activation of NADH oxidation by atractylate in Jerusalem artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus) mitochondria. FEBS Lett 1978; 89:165-8. [PMID: 207566 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(78)80546-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Salunkhe DK, Wu MT. Toxicants in plants and plant products. CRC CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION 1977; 9:265-324. [PMID: 336286 DOI: 10.1080/10408397709527236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Toxicants are widely distributed in plants and plant products, including intentionally added, incidentally added, and naturally occurring food toxicants. This review covers the toxicity of some food additives: the distribution, residues, toxicity, and methods of removal of some pesticides and toxic metals; and the presence of naturally occurring toxicants in plants and plant products. Extensive review has been done, particularly on natural toxicants. However, there are still extensive gaps in our knowledge pertaining to effect upon the health of many of the substances known to be present in natural plant food products, as well as even the identity of many natural chemical components of plant foods and their potential toxicological significance. An understanding of their presence, formation, and toxicity is important as far as public health is concerned.
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Grimwood BG, Wagner RP. Direct action of ethidium bromide upon mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and morphology. Arch Biochem Biophys 1976; 176:43-52. [PMID: 135531 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(76)90139-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Vignais PV. Molecular and physiological aspects of adenine nucleotide transport in mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1976; 456:1-38. [PMID: 131583 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4173(76)90007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 322] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Kaplan RS, Coleman PS. Mitochondrial ATPase activity and AdN translocation with epsilon-ATP as substrate. FEBS Lett 1976; 63:179-83. [PMID: 131038 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(76)80221-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Vignais PV, Vignais PM, Doussiere J. Functional relationship between the ADP/ATP-carrier and the F1-ATPase in mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1975; 376:219-30. [PMID: 123160 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(75)90013-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
1. The distribution of labeled and unlabeled adenine-nucleotides inside and outside mitochondria was followed after addition of [14C]ADP to rat liver mitochondria. Two types of mitochondria were used: 1, respiring mitochondria which were carrying out oxidative phosphorylation and which had been replenished in ATP by incubation in a medium supplemented with succinate and phosphate; 2, non-respiring mitochondria which had been partially depleted of ATP by incubation in a medium supplemented with rotenone and phosphate. During the first minute following addition of [14C]ADP to the respiring mitochondria, the pre-existing intramitochondrial (internal) [12C]ATP was released into the medium and replaced by newly synthesized [14C]ATP. No [14C]ADP accumulated in the mitochondria. It is suggested that extramitochondrial (external) ADP entering respiring mitochondria in exchange for internal ATP is phosphorylated to ATP before its complete release in the matrix space. In non-respiring mitochondria, the entry of [14C]ADP into the mitochondria was accompanied by the appearance in the external space of [12C]ADP and [12C]ATP, with a marked predominance of [12C]ADP. Thus in non-respiring mitochondria, the residual internal ATP is dephosphorylated to ADP in the inner membrane before being released outside the mitochondria. 2. When mitochondria were incubated with glutamate, ADP and [32P]phosphate, the [32P]ATP which accumulated in the matrix space became rapidly labeled in both the P gamma and P beta groups of the ATP, due to the presence of a transphosphorylation system in the mitochondrial matrix. The [32P]ATP which accumulated outside the mitochondria was also labeled in the P beta group, although less rapidly than the internal ATP. Our data show that a large fraction (75-80%) of the ATP produced by phosphorylation of added ADP within the inner mitochondrial membrane is released into the matrix space before being transported out from the mitochondria; only a small part (20-25%) is released directly outside the mitochondria without penetrating the matrix space. 3. In respiring and phosphorylating mitochondria, the value of the Km of the ADP-carrier for external ADP was 2-4 times lower than its value in non-respiring and non-phosphorylating mitochondria. 4. The above experimental data are discussed with reference to the topological and functional relationships between the ADP-carrier and the oxidative phosphorylation complex in the inner mitochondrial membrane. They strongly suggest that the ADP-carrier comes to the close neighbourhood of the ATP synthetase on the matrix side of the inner membrane.
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Adenine Nucleotide Transport in Submitochondrial Particles and Reconstituted Vesicles Derived from Bovine Heart Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)42979-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Carpenedo F, Luciani S, Scaravilli F, Palatini P, Santi R. Nephrotoxic effect of atractyloside in rats. Arch Toxicol 1974; 32:169-80. [PMID: 4479740 DOI: 10.1007/bf00318431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Jung DW, Hanson JB. Atractyloside inhibition of adenine nucleotide transport in mitochondria from plants. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 325:189-92. [PMID: 4272355 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(73)90165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Vignais PV, Vignais PM, Lauquin G, Morel F. Binding of adenosine diphosphate and of antagonist ligands to the mitochondrial ADP carrier. Biochimie 1973; 55:763-78. [PMID: 4797825 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-9084(73)80029-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Tokumitsu Y, Ui M. The incorporation of 32 P i into intramitochondrial ADP fraction dependent on the substrate-level phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1973; 292:310-24. [PMID: 4703078 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(73)90038-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Reversible Inhibition of Mitochondrial Adenosine Diphosphate Phosphorylation by Long Chain Acyl Coenzyme A Esters. J Biol Chem 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)62505-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Hoppel C, Cooper C. Studies on the nucleotide specificity of mitochondrial inner membrane particles. Arch Biochem Biophys 1969; 135:184-93. [PMID: 4312069 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(69)90529-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Winkler HH. Localization of the atractyloside-sensitive nucleotide binding sites in rat liver mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 189:152-61. [PMID: 4310791 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(69)90043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Groot GS. Comparative studies of the ADP-ATP and the Pi-ATP exchange reactions related to oxidative phosphorylation in rat-liver mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1969; 180:439-44. [PMID: 5810845 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(69)90023-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Duée ED, Vignais PV. Kinetics and Specificity of the Adenine Nucleotide Translocation in Rat Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1969. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)36438-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Duée ED, Vignais PV. Kinetics of Phosphorylation of Intramitochondrial and Extramitochondrial Adenine Nucleotides As Related to Nucleotide Translocation. J Biol Chem 1969. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(17)36439-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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The Atractyloside-sensitive Nucleotide Binding Site in a Membrane Preparation from Rat Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)93371-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Heldt HW, Klingenberg M. Differences between the reactivity of endogenous and exogenous adenine nucleotides in mitochondria as studied at low temperature. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1968; 4:1-8. [PMID: 5646147 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1968.tb00165.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Winkler HH, Bygrave FL, Lehninger AL. Characterization of the Atractyloside-sensitive Adenine Nucleotide Transport System in Rat Liver Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1968. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99320-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Allmann DW, Harris RA, Green DE. Site of action of atractyloside in mitochondria. II. Inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation. Arch Biochem Biophys 1967; 122:766-82. [PMID: 4230398 DOI: 10.1016/0003-9861(67)90186-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Bygrave FL, Lehninger AL. The affinity of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation mechanisms for phosphate and adenosine diphosphate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1967; 57:1409-15. [PMID: 4227016 PMCID: PMC224487 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.57.5.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Charles R, van den Bergh SG. Stimulation of mitochondrial reactions by high concentrations of atractyloside. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1967; 131:393-6. [PMID: 6049489 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(67)90153-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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Bygrave FL, Lehninger AL. Properties of an Oligomycin-sensitive Adenosine Diphosphate-Adenosine Triphosphate Exchange Reaction in Intact Beef Heart Mitochondria. J Biol Chem 1966. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(18)99791-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Suranyi EM, Avi-Dor Y. Swelling-contraction of mitochondria in hypotonic medium. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1966; 118:445-52. [PMID: 4226319 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6593(66)80088-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Vignais PV, Duee ED, Vignais PM, Huet J. Effects of atractyligenin and its structural analogues on oxidative phosphorylation and on the translocation of adenine nucleotides in mitochondria. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1966; 118:465-83. [PMID: 4226320 DOI: 10.1016/s0926-6593(66)80090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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