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Rosti G, Callea A, Merendi R, Beccati D, Tienghi A, Turci D, Marangolo M. Metastases to the Submaxillary Gland from Breast Cancer: Case Report. TUMORI JOURNAL 2018; 73:413-6. [PMID: 3310351 DOI: 10.1177/030089168707300416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A case of metastases to the submaxillary gland from breast carcinoma is reported. The patient, a 68-year-old female, had been operated for a stage II N+ breast carcinoma 4 years before. She then received six courses of CMF adjuvant program. A literature review is presented concerning the 8 well-documented cases reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Rosti
- Divisione di Oncologia Medica, Ospedale Civile, Ravenna, Italia
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2
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Parotid gland metastasis from prostate cancer: is docetaxel still the best treatment option? Anticancer Drugs 2014; 26:367-70. [PMID: 25486600 DOI: 10.1097/cad.0000000000000188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metastases of prostate cancer originating from the parotid gland are rare. However, this presentation raises the question of the management of visceral metastasis in castration-resistant prostate cancer. We report the case of an 87-year-old man who presented with a right painless parotid mass in the context of castration-resistant prostate cancer, indicating progression of the disease. He received medical treatment based on docetaxel. Here, we discuss the impact of new hormonotherapies such as enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate, which may be used for the management of these patients.
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3
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Udager AM, Rungta SA. Metastatic renal cell carcinoma, clear cell type, of the parotid gland: a case report, review of literature, and proposed algorithmic approach to salivary gland clear cell neoplasms in fine-needle aspiration biopsies. Diagn Cytopathol 2014; 42:974-83. [PMID: 24535952 DOI: 10.1002/dc.23103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Renal cell carcinoma (RCC), clear cell type, is a commonly encountered metastatic tumor that can present at unusual anatomic sites many years after the primary tumor resection. Noncutaneous metastasis to the parotid gland is unusual; however, a number of cases of parotid RCC metastasis have been reported. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) is regularly utilized during the evaluation of salivary gland lesions, where it has a high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy; however, the identification and definitive diagnosis of primary and metastatic clear cell neoplasms is a potential diagnostic pitfall for salivary gland FNAB. Here, we describe a case of RCC, clear cell type, metastatic to the parotid gland that was diagnosed entirely from FNAB cell block material, which is the first such reported case to our knowledge. We review the literature for cases of parotid RCC metastasis and focus on the utility of FNAB for synchronous versus metachronous presentations. Finally, we evaluate the differential diagnosis of clear cell parotid lesions, including ancillary histologic studies, and propose an algorithmic approach to clear cell neoplasms of the salivary gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M Udager
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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4
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Shen ML, Kang J, Wen YL, Ying WM, Yi J, Hua CG, Tang XF, Wen YM. Metastatic tumors to the oral and maxillofacial region: a retrospective study of 19 cases in West China and review of the Chinese and English literature. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009; 67:718-37. [PMID: 19304027 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2008.06.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2007] [Revised: 02/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this article was to obtain an overview of metastatic tumors to the oral and maxillofacial (OMF) region, especially the differences in the constituent ratios of primary cancers between the United States and China. PATIENTS AND METHODS Clinical findings of 19 cases encountered in West China Hospital of Stomatology were summarized and the English and Chinese literature were reviewed and analyzed. The main clinical features of OMF metastases were summarized, with an emphasis on primary cancers' constituents. RESULTS The lung, breast, kidney, liver, and prostate were the top 5 common primary sites of cancer. However, there was a significant difference in the primary cancers' constituents between United States and China (P < .001). The breast, kidney, prostate cancers, and melanoma of skin were more frequent primary cancers in United States than in China, whereas that of the lung, thyroid, liver, esophagus, and the stomach were more common in China than in United States. The proportions of the OMF metastatic lesions originating in the lung, kidney, liver, thyroid, and esophagus in all OMF metastatic tumors were higher than the corresponding primary cancers' prevalent proportions. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of developing OMF metastasis is not always consistent with primary cancers' prevalence, which suggests that different cancers have different potentiality to develop OMF metastasis. Cancers of the kidney, liver, lung, thyroid, and esophagus were more likely to spread to the OMF region. In general screening of primary cancer, it would be helpful to take into account the metastatic potentiality of different cancers and primary cancers' prevalence in different countries in the case of occult primary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo-Lun Shen
- Master of Medicine, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Böckmann RA, Schulz T, Stein H, Mielke E, Dengler K, Wolff KD, Nolte D. Bilateral synchronous submandibular lumps in a patient with gastric carcinoma. J Oral Pathol Med 2005; 34:127-8. [PMID: 15641995 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00240.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
This case report deals with a patient who was readmitted with a bilateral submandibular swelling after having received primary surgery due to gastric adenocarcinoma 6 months before. After bilateral submandibulectomy both glands were diagnosed histopathologically as metastasis of adenocarcinoma. This is the rare case of a submandibular gland metastasis and the first case of a bilateral synchronous submandibular gland metastasis from gastric carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland A Böckmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, Ruhr-University of Bochum, Knappschaftskrankenhaus, Bochum, Germany.
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6
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Azad SM, Walker JEG, Dziewulski P, Hatter T, Thway Y. An unusual parotid lump. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003; 41:64-6. [PMID: 12576047 DOI: 10.1016/s0266-4356(02)00252-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Azad
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Whiston Hospital, Prescot, Merseyside, L35 5DR, UK.
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7
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To discuss the diagnosis and management of metastatic renal cell carcinoma presenting as a parotid mass by studying such cases. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective review. METHODS Identification of 24 previously reported cases of renal cell carcinoma metastatic to the parotid gland in the English language literature and an analysis of a total of 25 patients including our case. RESULTS Parotid metastasis was the initial presenting sign of the malignancy in the kidney in 14 of 25 (56%) cases; 11 of 25 (44%) cases presented with metachronous metastasis to the parotid. The most common presenting complaint was parotid mass. No case presented with facial paralysis. In three of six (50%) patients, fine-needle aspiration biopsy was diagnostic. CONCLUSIONS In the majority of cases, parotid metastases are the first clinical sign of the renal cell carcinoma. Fine-needle aspiration biopsy can provide crucial information without parotidectomy as in our case. Parotidectomy with facial nerve preservation should be considered as a therapeutic option for solitary parotid metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youn W Park
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northeastern Ohio Universities College of Medicine, Summa Health System, Akron, USA.
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8
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Copeland B, Clark JM, Sura A, Kilpatrick SE, Shockley W, Meredith S. Prostate carcinoma metastatic to the cervical lymph nodes: report of two cases and review of the literature. Am J Otolaryngol 2001; 22:420-3. [PMID: 11713729 DOI: 10.1053/ajot.2001.28066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The cervical lymph nodes are a common site of metastasis for cancers originating in the upper aerodigestive tract. Rarely, cancers originating from sites other than the head and neck can metastasize to the cervical lymph node chain. We report on 2 recent patients with metastatic prostate cancer to the cervical lymph nodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Copeland
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina Hospitals, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
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9
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Pensler JM, Silverman BL, Sanghavi J, Goolsby C, Speck G, Brizio-Molteni L, Molteni A. Estrogen and progesterone receptors in gynecomastia. Plast Reconstr Surg 2000; 106:1011-3. [PMID: 11039372 DOI: 10.1097/00006534-200010000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The etiology of gynecomastia is unknown. There seems to be no increased incidence of malignancies in patients with idiopathic gynecomastia; however, patients with Klinefelter syndrome exhibit an increased incidence of malignancy. The authors reviewed the results of 34 patients with gynecomastia diagnosed in adolescence who, following initial evaluation, had a mastectomy. The estrogen and progesterone receptors were analyzed in these patients. Three of the patients were diagnosed with Klinefelter syndrome. These three patients exhibited elevated amounts of estrogen and progesterone receptors. None of the patients who were not diagnosed with this syndrome demonstrated significant elevation of their estrogen or progesterone receptors. The presence of elevated estrogen and progesterone receptors in patients with Klinefelter syndrome provides a potential mechanism by which these patients may develop breast neoplasms. The absence of elevated estrogen and progesterone receptors in patients with idiopathic gynecomastia may serve to clarify why these patients' disease rarely degenerates into malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Pensler
- Division of Plastic Surgery, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Ill., USA.
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10
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Horii A, Yoshida J, Honjo Y, Mitani K, Takashima S, Kubo T. Pre-operative assessment of metastatic parotid tumors. Auris Nasus Larynx 1998; 25:277-83. [PMID: 9799994 DOI: 10.1016/s0385-8146(97)10041-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic disease to the parotid gland is rare and its diagnosing procedures are not established. We assessed several parameters, including the prior history of malignancy, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and determined the most useful combinations for diagnosing metastatic parotid tumors. The primary tumors were squamous cell carcinomas of the eyelid, larynx, tonsil and of unknown origin, malignant melanoma of the auricle and small cell lung carcinoma. In three of four patients with parotid lymph node metastasis who underwent MR imaging, rim enhancement of the tumor was observed on gadolinium (Gd)-enhanced fat-suppressed T1-weighted MR images (sensitivity 75%). In the histopathologic examinations, the tumor was encapsulated and massive infiltration of normal lymphocytes was found peripheral to the capsule. These were not seen in the patients with metastasis to the parotid parenchyma via hematogeneous dissemination or with advanced-stage parotid node metastasis. The FNAC diagnosis accorded with the tumor histology in five of six patients (sensitivity 83%). Three of the six patients had a prior history of malignancy in other sites (sensitivity 50%). The triad of FNAC, prior history of malignancy and enhanced MR images was identified as the combination most useful in the diagnosis of metastatic parotid tumors (sensitivity 100%).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Horii
- Department of Otolaryngology, Osaka Teishin Hospital, Japan
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11
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Pisani P, Krengli M, Ramponi A, Guglielmetti R, Pia F. Metastases to parotid gland from cancers of the upper airway and digestive tract. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 1998; 36:54-7. [PMID: 9578259 DOI: 10.1016/s0266-4356(98)90750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Forty-four cases of parotid metastases were diagnosed and treated in the period 1968-1994. In 10 patients (23%), the primary tumour was sited in the mucosal layer of the upper airway or digestive tract: oropharynx (n=3), larynx (n=3), nasopharynx (n=2), hypopharynx (n=1) and the maxillary sinus (n=1). Histologically, the primary tumour was squamous cell carcinoma in 9 cases and adenocarcinoma in one. One patient received surgical treatment only, two patients surgery and postoperative radiotherapy, one radiotherapy only, four chemotherapy and two symptomatic treatment only. Only one patient is alive, disease-free, 5 years after treatment. The other patients died: six within 1 year, two within 2 years and one within 3 years of diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pisani
- ENT Clinic, Ospedale Maggiore, Novara, Italy
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12
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Kirkali Z, Koyuncuoğlu M, Pabuçcuoğlu U, Güneri A, Mungan U. Prostatic carcinoma presenting with painless parotid mass. Urology 1995; 46:406-7. [PMID: 7544935 DOI: 10.1016/s0090-4295(99)80231-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis of prostate cancer to the parotid gland is exceedingly rare, with only 4 cases reported in the literature. We present the case of an 83-year-old white man who had a painless parotid mass that was diagnosed as metastatic prostate cancer. Immunohistochemical staining with prostate-specific antigen was positive. This is the first case of prostate cancer presenting with a painless parotid mass. Prostate cancer can be metastatic to the head and neck region, and this should be kept in mind when treating patients with this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Kirkali
- Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylül University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey
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13
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Abstract
A rare case of prostate cancer with metastasis to the parotid salivary gland is reported. The prostatic origin of the mass was proven by incisional biopsy and immunohistochemical staining for prostate-specific antigen. Additional studies of the tumor included ultrastructural and quantitative deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hrebinko
- Division of Urologic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania
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14
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Goldberg JA, Georgiade GS. Accessory parotid glands as a site of metastases from outside the head and neck: case report. Head Neck 1990; 12:421-5. [PMID: 2211103 DOI: 10.1002/hed.2880120509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastases to the salivary glands from outside the head and neck are rare. The world literature reports 53 cases to the parotid, and 25 to the submandibular-submaxillary gland. This is the first report of a metastasis to the accessory parotid gland.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Goldberg
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710
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15
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Abstract
Metastatic tumours in major salivary glands are uncommon with a higher incidence of primary sites from the head and neck. The lungs and breast are the common primary sites, while metastases from the kidney are very rarely found. The authors describe a case of renal clear-cell carcinoma with metastasis to the parotid gland. The incidence of a metastasis in the parotid gland from a primary renal carcinoma, even if rare, should not be overlooked in making a correct differential diagnosis with acinic cell carcinoma and monomorphic clear cell adenoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pisani
- ENT Department, Ospedale Maggiore-Novara, Italy
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16
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Moul JW, Paulson DF, Fuller G, Gottfried MR, Floyd WL. Prostate cancer with solitary parotid metastasis correctly diagnosed with immunohistochemical stains. J Urol 1989; 142:1328-9. [PMID: 2478728 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-5347(17)39078-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A case of prostate cancer in which the parotid gland was the sole site of metastatic disease is presented. Special immunohistochemical stains of the excisional biopsy allowed for rapid, accurate diagnosis and appropriately directed successful therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Moul
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina
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17
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Bissett D, Bessell EM, Bradley PJ, Morgan DA, McKenzie CG. Parotid metastases from carcinoma of the breast. Clin Radiol 1989; 40:309-10. [PMID: 2546711 DOI: 10.1016/s0009-9260(89)80218-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Two patients are described in whom a parotid metastasis occurred 10 years after initial treatment for carcinoma of the breast. The parotid is a very unusual site of metastasis and in both patients it was only one detectable. Parotidectomy with post-operative radiotherapy is advocated in this situation not only to obtain local tumour control but to exclude a primary parotid tumour.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Bissett
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, General Hospital, Nottingham, UK
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18
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Gruber B, Moran WJ, Pearle MS, Strauss FF, Chodak G. Prostate cancer presenting as facial paralysis. Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 1989; 100:333-8. [PMID: 2498823 DOI: 10.1177/019459988910000415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Gruber
- Department of Surgery, University of Chicago Medical Center, IL
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pittam
- Westminster Hospital, London, UK
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20
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Velez A, Petrelli N, Herrera L, Lopez C, Mittelman A. Metastasis to the parotid gland from colorectal adenocarcinoma. Dis Colon Rectum 1985; 28:190-2. [PMID: 3971828 DOI: 10.1007/bf02554243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This manuscript presents only the fifth reported case in the literature of colorectal carcinoma with metastasis to the parotid gland. A 66-year-old white woman, referred to Roswell Park Memorial Institute, presented with a left parotid mass and a past history of undergoing right hemicolectomy for an adenocarcinoma of the ascending colon with synchronous liver metastases. The clinical presentation and treatment of the patient are discussed with a review of the literature.
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21
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