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Nguyen M, Aslam MA, Nguyen Y, Javaid HM, Pham L, Huh JY, Kim G. Design and Synthesis of l-1'-Homologated Adenosine Derivatives as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:36361-36369. [PMID: 37810713 PMCID: PMC10552512 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses are fundamental protective warning mechanisms. However, in certain instances, they contribute significantly to the development of several chronic diseases such as cancer. Based on previous studies of truncated 1'-homologated adenosine derivatives, l-nucleosides and their nucleobase-modified quinolone analogues were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activities. The target molecules were synthesized via the key intramolecular cyclization of monotosylate and Mitsunobu condensation from the natural product, d-ribose. All compounds tested and showed potent anti-inflammatory activities, as indicated by their inhibition of LPS-induced IL-1β secretion from the RAW 264.7 macrophages. Gene expressions of pro-inflammatory cytokines showed that all compounds, except 3a and 3b, significantly reduced LPS-induced IL-1β and IL-6 mRNA expressions. The half-maximal inhibitory concentrations (IC50) of 2g and 2h against IL-1β were 1.08 and 2.28 μM, respectively. In contrast, only 2d, 2g, and 3d effectively reversed LPS-induced TNFα mRNA expression. Our mechanistic study revealed that LPS-induced phosphorylation of NF-κB was significantly downregulated by all compounds tested, providing evidence that the NF-κB signaling pathway is involved in their anti-inflammatory activities. Among the compounds tested, 2g and 2h had the most potent anti-inflammatory effects, as shown by the extent of decrease in pro-inflammatory gene expression, protein secretion, and NF-κB phosphorylation. These findings suggest that the l-truncated 1'-homologated adenosine skeleton and its nucleobase-modified analogues have therapeutic potential as treatments for various human diseases by mediating inflammatory processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yen Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute
of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hafiz Muhammad
Ahmad Javaid
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute
of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Linh Pham
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute
of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Joo Young Huh
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute
of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Gyudong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute
of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
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2
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Nguyen M, An S, Nguyen Y, Hyun YE, Choi H, Pham L, Kim JA, Noh M, Kim G, Jeong LS. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Activity of l-1′-Homologated Adenosine Derivatives. ACS Med Chem Lett 2022; 13:1131-1136. [DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.2c00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mai Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Seungchan An
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yen Nguyen
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Young Eum Hyun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hongseok Choi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Linh Pham
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jung-Ae Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Gyudong Kim
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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3
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An S, Kim G, Kim HJ, Ahn S, Kim HY, Ko H, Hyun YE, Nguyen M, Jeong J, Liu Z, Han J, Choi H, Yu J, Kim JW, Lee HW, Jacobson KA, Cho WJ, Kim YM, Kang KW, Noh M, Jeong LS. Discovery and Structure-Activity Relationships of Novel Template, Truncated 1'-Homologated Adenosine Derivatives as Pure Dual PPARγ/δ Modulators. J Med Chem 2020; 63:16012-16027. [PMID: 33325691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Following our report that A3 adenosine receptor (AR) antagonist 1 exhibited a polypharmacological profile as a dual modulator of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)γ/δ, we discovered a new template, 1'-homologated adenosine analogues 4a-4t, as dual PPARγ/δ modulators without AR binding. Removal of binding affinity to A3AR was achieved by 1'-homologation, and PPARγ/δ dual modulation was derived from the structural similarity between the target nucleosides and PPAR modulator drug, rosiglitazone. All the final nucleosides were devoid of AR-binding affinity and exhibited high binding affinities to PPARγ/δ but lacked PPARα binding. 2-Cl derivatives exhibited dual receptor-binding affinity to PPARγ/δ, which was absent for the corresponding 2-H derivatives. 2-Propynyl substitution prevented PPARδ-binding affinity but preserved PPARγ affinity, indicating that the C2 position defines a pharmacophore for selective PPARγ ligand designs. PPARγ/δ dual modulators functioning as both PPARγ partial agonists and PPARδ antagonists promoted adiponectin production, suggesting their therapeutic potential against hypoadiponectinemia-associated cancer and metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungchan An
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Gyudong Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sungjin Ahn
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyun Young Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyejin Ko
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Young Eum Hyun
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Mai Nguyen
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Juri Jeong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Zijing Liu
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Jinhe Han
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Hongseok Choi
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jinha Yu
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyuk Woo Lee
- Future Medicine Company Ltd., Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do 13449, Korea
| | - Kenneth A Jacobson
- Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes, and Digestive and Kidney Disease, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, United States
| | - Won Jea Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Drug Development, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea
| | - Young-Mi Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do 15588, Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Minsoo Noh
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Lak Shin Jeong
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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Frédéric CJM, Tikad A, Fu J, Pan W, Zheng RB, Koizumi A, Xue X, Lowary TL, Vincent SP. Synthesis of Unprecedented Sulfonylated Phosphono-exo-Glycals Designed as Inhibitors of the Three Mycobacterial Galactofuranose Processing Enzymes. Chemistry 2016; 22:15913-15920. [PMID: 27628709 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201603161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a new methodology to synthesize exo-glycals bearing both a sulfone and a phosphonate. This synthetic strategy provides a way to generate exo-glycals displaying two electron-withdrawing groups and was applied to eight different carbohydrates from the furanose and pyranose series. The Z/E configurations of these tetrasubstituted enol ethers could be ascertained using NMR spectroscopic techniques. Deprotection of an exo-glycal followed by an UMP (uridine monophosphate) coupling generated two new UDP (uridine diphosphate)-galactofuranose analogues. These two Z/E isomers were evaluated as inhibitors of UGM, GlfT1, and GlfT2, the three mycobacterial galactofuranose processing enzymes. Molecule 46-(E) is the first characterized inhibitor of GlfT1 reported to date and was also found to efficiently inhibit UGM in a reversible manner. Interestingly, GlfT2 showed a better affinity for the (Z) isomer. The three enzymes studied in the present work are not only interesting because, mechanistically, they are still the topic of intense investigations, but also because they constitute very important targets for the development of novel antimycobacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe J-M Frédéric
- University of Namur (UNamur), Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique, rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Abdellatif Tikad
- University of Namur (UNamur), Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique, rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Jian Fu
- University of Namur (UNamur), Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique, rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium
| | - Weidong Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Natural Products of Guizhou Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 202, Sha-chong South Road, Guiyang, 550002, P. R. China
| | - Ruixiang B Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Akihiko Koizumi
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Xiaochao Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Todd L Lowary
- Department of Chemistry and Alberta Glycomics Centre, University of Alberta, Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, 11227 Saskatchewan Drive, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G2, Canada
| | - Stéphane P Vincent
- University of Namur (UNamur), Département de Chimie, Laboratoire de Chimie Bio-Organique, rue de Bruxelles 61, 5000, Namur, Belgium.
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5
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Specklin S, Cossy J. Chemoselective Synthesis of β-Ketophosphonates Using Lithiated α-(Trimethylsilyl)methylphosphonate. J Org Chem 2015; 80:3302-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.5b00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Specklin
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique,
Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI)-UMR 8231-ESPCI ParisTech/CNRS/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Janine Cossy
- Laboratoire de Chimie Organique,
Institute of Chemistry, Biology and Innovation (CBI)-UMR 8231-ESPCI ParisTech/CNRS/PSL Research University, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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6
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Xiang DF, Kolb P, Fedorov AA, Xu C, Fedorov EV, Narindoshivili T, Williams HJ, Shoichet BK, Almo SC, Raushel FM. Structure-based function discovery of an enzyme for the hydrolysis of phosphorylated sugar lactones. Biochemistry 2012; 51:1762-73. [PMID: 22313111 PMCID: PMC3298459 DOI: 10.1021/bi201838b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Two enzymes of unknown function from the cog1735 subset of the amidohydrolase superfamily (AHS), LMOf2365_2620 (Lmo2620) from Listeria monocytogenes str. 4b F2365 and Bh0225 from Bacillus halodurans C-125, were cloned, expressed, and purified to homogeneity. The catalytic functions of these two enzymes were interrogated by an integrated strategy encompassing bioinformatics, computational docking to three-dimensional crystal structures, and library screening. The three-dimensional structure of Lmo2620 was determined at a resolution of 1.6 Å with two phosphates and a binuclear zinc center in the active site. The proximal phosphate bridges the binuclear metal center and is 7.1 Å from the distal phosphate. The distal phosphate hydrogen bonds with Lys-242, Lys-244, Arg-275, and Tyr-278. Enzymes within cog1735 of the AHS have previously been shown to catalyze the hydrolysis of substituted lactones. Computational docking of the high-energy intermediate form of the KEGG database to the three-dimensional structure of Lmo2620 highly enriched anionic lactones versus other candidate substrates. The active site structure and the computational docking results suggested that probable substrates would likely include phosphorylated sugar lactones. A small library of diacid sugar lactones and phosphorylated sugar lactones was synthesized and tested for substrate activity with Lmo2620 and Bh0225. Two substrates were identified for these enzymes, D-lyxono-1,4-lactone-5-phosphate and l-ribono-1,4-lactone-5-phosphate. The k(cat)/K(m) values for the cobalt-substituted enzymes with these substrates are ~10(5) M(-1) s(-1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Dao Feng Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - Peter Kolb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330
| | - Alexander A. Fedorov
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Chengfu Xu
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - Elena V. Fedorov
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Tamari Narindoshivili
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - Howard J. Williams
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012
| | - Brian K. Shoichet
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of California, San Francisco, 1700 4th Street, San Francisco, California 94158-2330,To whom correspondence may be addressed: (FMR) telephone: (979) 845-3373; fax: (979)-845-9452; , (SCA) telephone: (718) 430-2746; fax: (718)-430-8565; , (BKS) telephone: (415)-514-4126; fax: (415)-514-4260;
| | - Steven C. Almo
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461,To whom correspondence may be addressed: (FMR) telephone: (979) 845-3373; fax: (979)-845-9452; , (SCA) telephone: (718) 430-2746; fax: (718)-430-8565; , (BKS) telephone: (415)-514-4126; fax: (415)-514-4260;
| | - Frank M. Raushel
- Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 30012, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012,To whom correspondence may be addressed: (FMR) telephone: (979) 845-3373; fax: (979)-845-9452; , (SCA) telephone: (718) 430-2746; fax: (718)-430-8565; , (BKS) telephone: (415)-514-4126; fax: (415)-514-4260;
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7
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Wolf S, Zismann T, Lunau N, Warnecke S, Wendicke S, Meier C. A convenient synthesis of nucleoside diphosphate glycopyranoses and other polyphosphorylated bioconjugates. Eur J Cell Biol 2009; 89:63-75. [PMID: 20045214 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2009.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review, we summarize results obtained using a conceptionally new chemical synthesis of NDP-sugars based on cycloSaligenyl (cycloSal) nucleotides as starting material (cycloSal technique). The cycloSal technique not only leads to stereoisomerically defined NDP-sugars in high yield, but the same principle provides very efficient routes towards nucleoside di- and -triphosphates. Moreover, sugar-nucleotides such as CMP-Neu5Ac and dinucleoside polyphosphates are available. Thus, the method offers a nearly universal chemical access towards a large number of highly interesting bioconjugates and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Wolf
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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Wolf S, Zismann T, Lunau N, Meier C. Reliable synthesis of various nucleoside diphosphate glycopyranoses. Chemistry 2009; 15:7656-64. [PMID: 19569136 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A reliable and high yielding synthetic pathway for the synthesis of the biologically highly important class of nucleoside diphosphate sugars (NDP-sugars) was developed by using various cycloSal-nucleotides 1 and 9 as active ester building blocks. The reaction with anomerically pure pyranosyl-1-phosphates 2 led to the target NDP-sugars 20-45 in a nucleophilic displacement reaction, which cleaves the cycloSal moiety in anomerically pure forms. As nucleosides cytidine, uridine, thymidine, adenosine, 2'-deoxy-guanosine and 2',3'-dideoxy-2',3'-didehydrothymidine were used while the phosphates of D-glucose, D-galactose, D-mannose, D-NAc-glucosamine, D-NAc-galactosamine, D-fucose, L-fucose as well as 6-deoxy-D-gulose were introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saskia Wolf
- Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Chen W, Sim L, Rose DR, Pinto BM. Synthesis of analogues of salacinol containing a carboxylate inner salt and their inhibitory activities against human maltase glucoamylase. Carbohydr Res 2007; 342:1661-7. [PMID: 17597595 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2007] [Revised: 06/02/2007] [Accepted: 06/02/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses of analogues of the naturally occurring glycosidase inhibitor, salacinol, containing a carboxylate inner salt are described. Salacinol is a sulfonium ion with an internal sulfate counterion. The synthetic strategy relies on the nucleophilic attack of 1,4-anhydro-2,3,5-tri-O-benzyl-4-thio-D- or L-arabinitol at the least hindered carbon of 4,5-anhydro-2,3-O-isopropylidene-D-ribonic acid benzyl ester to yield coupled adducts. Deprotection of the coupled products gives the target compounds. The compound derived from D-arabinitol inhibits recombinant human maltase glucoamylase, one of the key intestinal enzymes involved in the breakdown of glucose oligosaccharides in the small intestine, with a Ki value of 10+/-1 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6
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Pedrosa R, Andrés C, Mendiguchía P, Nieto J. Diastereoselective synthesis of enantiopure morpholines by electrophilic selenium-induced 6-exo cyclizations on chiral 3-allyl-2-hydroxymethylperhydro-1,3-benzoxazine derivatives. J Org Chem 2007; 71:8854-63. [PMID: 17081016 DOI: 10.1021/jo061547k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enantiopure morpholine derivatives have been prepared by selenocyclofunctionalization of chiral 3-allyl-2-hydroxymethyl-substituted perhydro-1,3-benzoxazine derivatives. The cyclization occurs in high yields and diastereoselection, although the temperature of the reaction and the structure of the substituent at C-2 and the substitution pattern of the double bond can modify the regio- and stereochemistry of the final products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Pedrosa
- Departamento de Química Organica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011-Valladolid, Spain.
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11
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Lee CW, Lee SJ. Synthesis of (R)- and (S)-Oxymethylmorpholine Derivatives. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2000. [DOI: 10.1080/00397910008087353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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