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Nyland JF, Stoll ML, Jiang F, Feng F, Gavalchin J. Mechanisms involved in the p62-73 idiopeptide-modulated delay of lupus nephritis in SNF(1) mice. Lupus 2012; 21:1552-64. [PMID: 23015610 DOI: 10.1177/0961203312461964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The F(1) progeny of the (SWR × NZB) cross develop a lupus-like disease with high serum titers of autoantibodies, and increased frequency and severity of immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis in females. In previous work, we found that an idiotypic peptide corresponding to aa62-73 (p62-73) of the heavy chain variable region of autoantibody 540 (Id(LN)F(1)) induced the proliferation of p62-73 idiotype-reactive T cell clones. Further, monthly immunization of pre-nephritic SNF(1) female mice with p62-73 resulted in decreased nephritis and prolonged life spans. Here we show that this treatment modulated proliferative responses to Id(LN)F(1) antigen, including a reduction in the population of idiopeptide-presenting antigen-presenting cells (APCs), as early as two weeks after immunization (10 weeks of age). Th1-type cytokine production was increased at 12 weeks of age. The incidence and severity of nephritis was reduced by 14 weeks compared to controls. Clinical indicators of nephritis, specifically histological evidence of glomerulonephritis and urine protein levels, were reduced by 20 weeks. Together these data suggest that events involved in the mechanism(s) whereby p62-73 immunization delayed nephritis occurred early after immunization, and involved modulation of APCs, B and T cell populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Nyland
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York-Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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2
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CD4+ T lymphocytes are critical mediators of tumor immunity to simian virus 40 large tumor antigen induced by vaccination with plasmid DNA. J Virol 2011; 85:7216-24. [PMID: 21593176 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00543-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A mechanistic analysis of tumor immunity directed toward the viral oncoprotein simian virus 40 (SV40) large tumor antigen (Tag) has previously been described by our laboratory for scenarios of recombinant Tag immunization in BALB/c mice. In the present study, we performed a preliminary characterization of the immune components necessary for systemic tumor immunity induced upon immunization with plasmid DNA encoding SV40 Tag as a transgene (pCMV-Tag). Antibody responses to SV40 Tag were observed via indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay following three intramuscular (i.m.) injections of pCMV-Tag and were typified by a mixed Th1/Th2 response. Complete tumor immunity within a murine model of pulmonary metastasis was achieved upon two i.m. injections of pCMV-Tag, as assessed by examination of tumor foci in mouse lungs, without a detectable antibody response to SV40 Tag. Induction-phase and effector-phase depletions of T cell subsets were performed in vivo via administration of depleting rat monoclonal antibodies, and these experiments demonstrated that CD4(+) T lymphocytes are required in both phases of the adaptive immune response. Conversely, depletion of CD8(+) T lymphocytes did not impair tumor immunity in either immune phase and resulted in the premature production of antibodies to SV40 Tag. Our findings are unique in that a dominant role could be ascribed to CD4(+) T lymphocytes within a model of DNA vaccine-induced tumor immunity to Tag-expressing tumor cells. Additionally, our findings provide insight into the general mechanisms of vaccine-induced tumor immunity directed toward tumors bearing distinct tumor-associated antigens.
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3
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Sharabi A, Mozes E. Harnessing regulatory T cells for the therapy of lupus and other autoimmune diseases. Immunotherapy 2011; 1:385-401. [PMID: 20635958 DOI: 10.2217/imt.09.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulatory T cells (Tregs) maintain immunological homeostasis and prevent autoimmunity. The depletion or functional alteration of Tregs may lead to the development of autoimmune diseases. Tregs consist of different subpopulations of cells, of which CD4(+)CD25(+)Foxp3(+) cells are the most well characterized. However, CD8 Tregs also constitute a major cell population that has been shown to play an important role in autoimmune diseases. This review will discuss the role of Tregs in autoimmune diseases in general and specifically in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is a multisystem autoimmune disease characterized by the production of autoantibodies against nuclear components and by the deposition of immune complexes in the kidneys as well as in other organs. Abnormalities in Tregs were reported in SLE patients and in animal models of the disease. Current treatment of SLE is based on immunosuppressive drugs that are nonspecific and may cause adverse effects. Therefore, the development of novel, specific, side effect-free therapeutic means that will induce functional Tregs is a most desirable goal. Our group and others have designed and utilized tolerogenic peptides that ameliorate SLE manifestations in murine models. Here, we demonstrate the role of CD4 and CD8 Tregs, as well as the interaction between the two subsets of cells and the mechanism of action of the tolerogenic peptides. We also discuss their therapeutic potential for the treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Sharabi
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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4
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Sharabi A, Mozes E. The Suppression of Murine Lupus by a Tolerogenic Peptide Involves Foxp3-Expressing CD8 Cells That Are Required for the Optimal Induction and Function of Foxp3-Expressing CD4 Cells. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2008; 181:3243-51. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.181.5.3243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Ferrera F, Hahn BH, Rizzi M, Anderson M, Fitzgerald J, Millo E, Indiveri F, Shi FD, Filaci G, La Cava A. Protection against renal disease in (NZB x NZW)F(1) lupus-prone mice after somatic B cell gene vaccination with anti-DNA immunoglobulin consensus peptide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 56:1945-53. [PMID: 17530718 DOI: 10.1002/art.22700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ig molecules contain epitopes that can induce T cell-mediated immune responses. B cells can process and present such epitopes and activate T cells. The purpose of the present study was to test our hypothesis that T cells that recognize an Ig consensus sequence presented by B cells will modulate lupus-like disease in mice. METHODS (NZB x NZW)F(1) (NZB/NZW) lupus mice received somatic B cell gene transfer of a DNA plasmid encoding a consensus sequence of T cell determinants of murine anti-DNA IgG or control plasmids. Treated animals were monitored for the production of antibody, the development of renal disease, and the phenotype, number, and function of T cells. RESULTS Treatment of mice with Ig consensus plasmid induced transforming growth factor beta-producing CD8+,CD28- T cells that suppressed the antigen-specific stimulation of CD4+ T cells in a cell-contact-independent manner, reduced antibody production, retarded the development of nephritis, and improved survival. Significantly, adoptive transfer of CD8+,CD28- T cells from protected mice into hypergammaglobulinemic NZB/NZW mice effectively protected the transferred mice from the development of renal disease. CONCLUSION Gene expression of anti-DNA Ig consensus sequence induces immunoregulatory T cells that delay the development of lupus nephritis by suppressing hypergammaglobulinemia and renal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Ferrera
- David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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6
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Hahn BH, Singh RP, La Cava A, Ebling FM. Tolerogenic treatment of lupus mice with consensus peptide induces Foxp3-expressing, apoptosis-resistant, TGFbeta-secreting CD8+ T cell suppressors. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 175:7728-37. [PMID: 16301683 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.11.7728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Lupus-prone (NZB x NZW)F1 mice spontaneously develop elevated titers of anti-DNA Abs that contain T cell determinants in their V(H) regions. We have previously shown that tolerization with an artificial peptide based on these T cell determinants (pConsensus (pCons)) can block production of anti-DNA Abs and prolong survival of the mice. In this study, we show that this protection depends in part on the generation of peripheral TGFbeta- and Foxp3-expressing inhibitory CD8+ (Ti) cells. These CD8+ Ti cells suppress anti-DNA IgG production both in vitro and in vivo and require up-regulated expression of both Foxp3 and TGFbeta to exert their suppressive function, as indicated by microarray analyses, small interfering RNA inhibition studies, and blocking experiments. Additionally, CD8+ Ti cells from pCons-tolerized mice were longer-lived suppressors that up-regulated expression of Bcl-2 and were more resistant to apoptosis than similar cells from naive mice. These data indicate that clinical suppression of autoimmunity after administration of pCons depends in part on the generation of CD8+ Ti cells that suppress secretion of anti-DNA Ig using mechanisms that include Foxp3, TGFbeta, and resistance to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bevra H Hahn
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
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7
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Karpouzas GA, La Cava A, Ebling FM, Singh RR, Hahn BH. Differences between CD8+ T cells in lupus-prone (NZB x NZW) F1 mice and healthy (BALB/c x NZW) F1 mice may influence autoimmunity in the lupus model. Eur J Immunol 2004; 34:2489-99. [PMID: 15307181 PMCID: PMC2291530 DOI: 10.1002/eji.200424978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Immunization with portions of a murine antibody to DNA induced Ig peptide-reactive peripheral CD8+ inhibitory T (Ti) cells in non-autoimmune (BALB/c x NZW) F1 (CWF1) mice. Those Ti suppressed in vitro production of IgG anti-DNA by lymphocytes from MHC-matched, lupus-prone (NZB x NZW) F1 (BWF1) mice, primarily via secretion of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). However, splenic CD8+ cells from immunized BWF1 mice failed to suppress anti-DNA. Therefore, BWF1 mice were studied for defects in peripheral CD8+ T cells. The potential to suppress autoimmunity mediated by activated CD4+ helper T and B cells in BWF1 mice was assessed. As BWF1 mice aged, peripheral CD8+ T cells expanded little; fewer than 10% displayed surface markers of activation and memory. In contrast, quantities of splenic CD4+ T and B cells increased; high proportions displayed activation/memory markers. In old compared to young BWF1 mice, splenic cell secretion of two cytokines required for generation of CD8+ T effectors, IL-2 and TGF-beta, was decreased. Immunizing BWF1 mice activated peptide-reactive CD8+ T cells, but their number was decreased compared to young BWF1 or old normal mice. While peptide-reactive splenic CD8+ T cells from immunized BWF1 mice did not survive in short-term cultures, similar CD8+ T cell lines from immunized CWF1 mice expanded and on transfer into BWF1 mice delayed autoimmunity and prolonged survival. Therefore, CD8+ T cells in old BWF1 mice are impaired in expansion, acquisition of memory, secretion of cytokine, and suppression of autoimmunity. Understanding these defects might identify targets for therapy in systemic lupus erythematosus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio La Cava
- Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Fanny M. Ebling
- Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Ram Raj Singh
- Autoimmunity and Tolerance Laboratory, Department Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, USA
| | - Bevra H. Hahn
- Rheumatology, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, USA
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8
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Lemke H, Lange H. Generalization of single immunological experiences by idiotypically mediated clonal connections. Adv Immunol 2002; 80:203-41. [PMID: 12078482 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(02)80016-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Clonal interactions of B cells by idiotope-specific mutual recognition of their antigen receptors with the participation of T cells were assumed to form a web of unknown density, referred to as the idiotypic network. Although these clonal connections were proposed to fulfill important internal regulatory functions, their biological significance, especially in relation to antigen-induced immune responses, remained a mystery. In view of this, we postulate that the basic function of the idiotypic internal connection between B and T cell antigen receptors is to transform antigen-induced cellular activations, by idiotypic crossreactivity, into the regulation of cell clones with different antigen specificities. This process leads not only to the suppression of major clones but also to the activation of minor ones. The latter activating property may allow the generalization of single antigenic experiences, so that the immune system in its entirety benefits in its battle against environmental microbes. Such idiotypic clonal interactions are particularly effective in early ontogeny. During a short neonatal imprinting period, maternal immunological knowledge in the form of somatically mutated, high-affinity IgG antibodies, acquired through a continuous encounter with external antigens, guides the initial ontogenetic development of the immune system and so exerts long-lasting transgenerational advantageous effects in the offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hilmar Lemke
- Biochemical Institute of the Medical Faculty of the Christian-Albrechts-University, D-24118 Kiel, Germany
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9
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Stoll ML, Gavalchin J. Systemic lupus erythematosus-messages from experimental models. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2000; 39:18-27. [PMID: 10662869 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/39.1.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M L Stoll
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Science Center at Syracuse, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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10
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Krause I, Blank M, Levi Y, Koike T, Barak V, Shoenfeld Y. Anti-idiotype immunomodulation of experimental anti-phospholipid syndrome via effect on Th1/Th2 expression. Clin Exp Immunol 1999; 117:190-7. [PMID: 10403935 PMCID: PMC1905489 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2249.1999.00930.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mice with experimental anti-phospholipid syndrome (APS), induced by active immunization with a human anti-cardiolipin MoAb (H-3), were treated with mouse anti-idiotypic MoAb (anti-H3, named S2.9) and with an irrelevant anti-idiotype. The immunized mice produced high titres of mouse anti-cardiolipin antibodies along with clinical manifestations of experimental APS: prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), thrombocytopenia and high rate of fetal loss. Treatment with the specific anti-Id (S2.9) as a whole molecule or F(ab)2 fraction, resulted in a decrease in serum levels of the anti-cardiolipin antibodies, rise in platelet count, shortened aPTT and reduced rate of fetal loss. The anti-Id effect was associated with a rise in the number of IL-2 and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma)-secreting cells (Th1) and reduction in IL-4- and IL-6-secreting cells (Th2). The beneficial effect of the anti-Id treatment in mice with experimental APS induced by active immunization with an idiotype further supports the idiotypic aetiology of experimental APS and points to the role of Th1 cytokines in suppression of its manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Krause
- Research Unit of Autoimmune Diseases, Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel Hashomer and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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11
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Reifen R, Blank M, Afek A, Kopilowiz Y, Sklan D, Gershwin ME, German B, Yoshida S, Shoenfeld Y. Dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids decrease anti-dsDNA and anti-cardiolipin antibodies production in idiotype induced mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus 1998; 7:192-7. [PMID: 9607643 DOI: 10.1191/096120398678919985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of diets with different polyunsaturated fatty acid contents, including linseed oil which contains 70% omega-3 fatty acids, on autoantibody production in idiotype induced mouse model of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Five different fats were fed to mice with induced SLE and antibody titers to anti-DNA and anti-cardiolipin were determined and histological examination of kidneys were carried out. RESULTS SLE mice fed linseed oil showed lower titers of antibodies to DNA and to cardiolipin and less severe kidney damage than mice fed other diets, including fish oil. CONCLUSION Use of linseed oil may attenuate the severity of SLE and this diet may be recommended for other auto-immune diseases as well.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic
- Antibodies, Anticardiolipin/blood
- Antibodies, Anticardiolipin/drug effects
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/blood
- Antibodies, Antinuclear/drug effects
- Body Weight/drug effects
- DNA/immunology
- Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/administration & dosage
- Disease Models, Animal
- Fatty Acids, Unsaturated/administration & dosage
- Female
- Linseed Oil/administration & dosage
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/blood
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/chemically induced
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Minerals/blood
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Affiliation(s)
- R Reifen
- School of Nutritional Sciences, The Faculty of Agriculture, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel
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12
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Krause I, Blank M, Shoenfeld Y. Anti-DNA and antiphospholipid antibodies in IVIG preparations: in vivo study in naive mice. J Clin Immunol 1998; 18:52-60. [PMID: 9475354 DOI: 10.1023/a:1023239904856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) are therapeutic preparations of pooled normal polyspecific immunoglobulin G. We investigated the presence and the in vivo pathogenic potential of autoantibodies against phospholipids and DNA in several commercial IVIG preparations. The presence of autoantibodies and their antiidiotypic antibodies in the IVIG preparations was detected by ELISA. Naive mice were actively immunized with either IVIG preparations or pathogenic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against cardiolipin (CL) or DNA, in an attempt to induce autoimmune conditions. The mice were tested for the presence of mouse autoantibodies (auto-Abs) and for clinical parameters of autoimmune diseases. We found high levels of auto-Abs against a panel of phospholipids and DNA, as well as their antiidiotypic Abs, in all the IVIGs. Affinity studies pointed to a lower affinity of auto-Abs of IVIG origin to their respective antigens compared to pathogenic mAbs. Mice immunized with pathogenic anti-CL mAb had high levels of antiphospholipid auto-Abs, accompanied by thrombocytopenia, prolonged aPTT, and an increased fetal resorption rate. Mice immunized with pathogenic anti-DNA mAb had elevated anti-DNA and anti-CL auto-Abs, along with a high erythrocyte sedimentation rate, leukopenia, and significant proteinuria. Following immunization with IgGs from IVIG batches, mice developed high levels of auto-Abs against phospholipids and DNA, similar to mice immunized with pathogenic anti-DNA or anti-CL mAbs, but none of the mice expressed the clinical manifestations compatible with the presence of these autoantibodies. We conclude that commercial IVIG preparations contain high levels of antiphospholipid and anti-DNA auto-Abs, as well as their antiidiotypic Abs. Although these Abs induced the generation of mouse auto-Abs upon active immunization, following idiotypic manipulation they did not prove to be pathogenic in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Krause
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- J Gavalchin
- Department of Medicine, SUNY Health Center at Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
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14
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shoenfeld
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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15
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Shoenfeld Y, Krause I, Blank M. New methods of treatment in an experimental murine model of systemic lupus erythematosus induced by idiotypic manipulation. Ann Rheum Dis 1997; 56:5-11. [PMID: 9059133 PMCID: PMC1752242 DOI: 10.1136/ard.56.1.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In this article we have presented our experiences and those of others with various experimental and novel treatments in an experimental model of murine SLE, induced by immunisation with pathogenic anti-DNA antibody (fig 4). Many of the treatments (summarised in the table) were highly effective in ameliorating clinical, serological, and histological manifestations of the disease. According to our results, it seems that hormonal treatments--such as testosterone metabolites, anti-oestrogens, or bromocriptine--as well as immunomodulation with IVIG or anti-CD4 antibodies, hold the most promising potential for application in lupus patients. We believe, therefore, that these types of treatment should receive high priority in human trials. It should be emphasised, however, that the timing of treatment may be critical, since several treatments were effective when used before or during the induction of the disease. This limitation may pose difficulty for human application, since the aetiology of SLE is still obscure and is probably multifactorial38; therefore it is not yet possible to identify patients at risk of developing SLE. Nevertheless, those treatments which proved to be effective might be used early in the course of the disease in lupus patients and hence influence the outcome of the disease, or may even induce partial or complete remission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shoenfeld
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel-Aviv University, Israel
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16
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Cheng HM, Hu C. T cell help and antiphospholipid antibody immunogenesis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1997; 40:196-7. [PMID: 9008622 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780400132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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17
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Zandman-Goddard G, George J, Bland M, Levy Y, Yanai P, Halperin T, Shoenfeld Y, Barak V. The effects of early and late administration of M-20 derived interleukin-1 inhibitor on experimental systemic lupus erythematosus. Immunol Lett 1996; 53:77-82. [PMID: 9024982 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2478(96)02606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
M-20 interleukin-1 inhibitor is produced by a myelomonocytic cell line. The effects of this molecule, mediated via IL-1 inhibition, include decreased proliferative responses of mouse thymocytes, human T-cells and fibroblasts and reduction in parameters of acute inflammation. Previously, we have demonstrated the emergence of a disease resembling systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in naive mice immunized with anti-DNA antibodies carrying different pathogenic idiotypes. The disease was manifested by increased titers of various mouse antibodies, concomitant with the appearance of elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), proteinuria and leukopenia. We have applied this model of experimental SLE (immunized with MIV-7, a human monoclonal antibody) to evaluate the influence of M-20 IL-1 inhibitor, administered at different stages (2 weeks before, 1 month and 3 months following immunization) for a period of 2 weeks, on the findings of the disease in mice. It was shown that M-20 IL-1 inhibitor given 2 weeks prior to the immunization resulted in suppression of the disease induction as documented by lower antibody titer level (30%-50% in the immunized mice as compared with controls). Furthermore, reduced autoantibody levels were accompanied by other beneficial findings consisting of lower ESR, less severe proteinuria and elevated leukocyte counts. No beneficial effects of M-20 IL-1 inhibitor were observed when the agent was administered 1 or 3 months following immunization. We conclude that M-20 IL-1 inhibitor has a favorable effect on experimental SLE in mice, provided it is administered before induction of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zandman-Goddard
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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18
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Zandman-Goddard G, George J, Levy Y, Blank M, Slavin S, Shoenfeld Y. Modulation of experimental systemic lupus erythematosus with linomide. Lupus 1996; 5:328-33. [PMID: 8869907 DOI: 10.1177/096120339600500415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to assess the beneficial effects of an early administration of low dose linomide, a new immunomodulator, in an animal model of experimental systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS Experimental SLE was induced in naive BALB/c mice, by immunization with anti-DNA mAb (MIV-7). Control Mice immunized with irrelevant human IgM served as controls. The immunized mice were treated with linomide (0.1 mg/ml in the drinking water), four weeks prior to the first immunization, at an early stage of the disease induction (one month after boost injection), or at a later stage (3 months following boost immunization). The treatment duration was 3 months in all schedules. The follow-up studies continued for 8 weeks after discontinuation of the treatment. The presence in the serum of autoantibodies against ssDNA, dsDNA histones, phospholipids and an irrelevant autoantigen-pyruvate dehydrogenase, was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The clinical parameters assessed included erythrocyte sedimentation rate, peripheral blood cell counts and proteinuria. RESULTS There was a 50-64% decrease in autoantibody levels in the sera of mice immunized with anti-DNA (MIV-7) mAb at the early stage of experimental SLE in mice which received linomide for a period of 3 months. No effect of linomide was noted in mice which received the drug during the later stages of experimental SLE when the disease was fully developed. Linomide had a preventive effect on the induction of experimental SLE in naive mice, when the treatment was initiated before the induction of the disease. This effect was abolished following cessation of the treatment. CONCLUSIONS Linomide proved to be effective at the early stages of induction of the experimental SLE. However, the autoantibody levels rose following discontinuation of the therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Zandman-Goddard
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Amital H, Swissa M, Bar-Dayan Y, Buskila D, Shoenfeld Y. New therapeutic avenues in autoimmunity. RESEARCH IN IMMUNOLOGY 1996; 147:361-76. [PMID: 8903103 DOI: 10.1016/0923-2494(96)82045-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
During the last decade, much progress has been made in the understanding of processes that lead to autoimmunity. Cellular interactions mediated through cytokines and adhesion molecules were found to play a major role in the genesis of autoimmune conditions. During this period, we learned to recruit monoclonal antibodies to manipulate these delicate processes and to divert their outcome to a path we control better. Our comprehension of IVIG (intravenous immunoglobulin therapy) has broadened, and new indications for the implementation of this promising therapy have been pursued. In this review, we shed light on new therapeutic modalities that have been published since our previous report and discuss new data concerning the old modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Amital
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Blank M, Krause I, Lanir N, Vardi P, Gilburd B, Tincani A, Tomer Y, Shoenfeld Y. Transfer of experimental antiphospholipid syndrome by bone marrow cell transplantation. The importance of the T cell. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1995; 38:115-22. [PMID: 7818560 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780380118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the potential of bone marrow cells from mice with primary antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) to transfer the disease to naive mice, and to determine the importance of the role of T cells in the APS. METHODS Experimental primary APS was induced in naive mice following active immunization with anticardiolipin (aCL) monoclonal antibody (MAb). Whole-population or T cell-depleted bone marrow cells from mice with experimental primary APS were infused into total body-irradiated naive BALB/c recipients. RESULTS Bone marrow cells (in the presence of T cells) had the potential to induce experimental APS in naive mice, which resulted in high serum titers of aCL, antiphosphatidylserine, and antiphosphatidylinositol antibodies; an increased number of antibody-forming cells specific for each of the above phospholipids; a positive lymph node cell proliferative response to aCL MAb; and clinical features of primary APS, including thrombocytopenia, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (indicating the presence of lupus anticoagulant), and a high frequency of fetal resorptions (the equivalent of human fetal loss). T cell-depleted bone marrow cells did not transfer the disease. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates the important role of T cells in the development and transfer of experimental primary APS and raises the possibility of T cell manipulations in treatments to prevent this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blank
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Blank M, Manosroi J, Tomer Y, Manosroi A, Kopolovic J, Charcon-Polak S, Shoenfeld Y. Suppression of experimental systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) with specific anti-idiotypic antibody-saporin conjugate. Clin Exp Immunol 1994; 98:434-41. [PMID: 7994908 PMCID: PMC1534502 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.1994.tb05509.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The importance of the idiotypic network is represented in experimental SLE induced by active immunization of naive mice with an anti-DNA idiotype (Ab1) emulsified in adjuvant. The mice after 4 months of incubation generate Ab3 having anti-DNA activity. In addition, the mice develop other serological markers for SLE associated with clinical and histopathological manifestations characteristic of the disease. To confirm further the etiological role of the idiotype in this experimental model, the mice were treated with specific anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) which were also conjugated to a toxin-saporin (Immunotoxin (IT)). Pretreatment of hybridoma cell line producing the anti-anti-Id (anti-DNA = (Ab3)) for 48 h with the anti-Id MoAb (Ab2) reduced the production of anti-DNA by 58%, while pretreatment with the IT resulted in 86% decrease in anti-DNA secretion (saporin alone had only 12% effect). The anti-Id MoAb had no effect on the production of immunoglobulin by an unrelated cell line. In vivo treatment of mice with experimental SLE led to a significant decrease in titres of serum autoantibodies, with diminished clinical manifestations. The results were more remarkable when the IT was employed. These suppressive effects were specific, since an anti-Id treatment of experimental anti-phospholipid syndrome was of no avail. The anti-Id effect was mediated via a reduction in specific anti-DNA antibody-forming cells, and lasted only while anti-Id injections were given. Discontinuation of the anti-Id injection was followed by a rise in titres of anti-DNA antibodies. No immunological escape of new anti-DNA Ids was noted. Our results point to the importance of pathogenic idiotypes in SLE and to the specific potential of implementing anti-idiotypic therapy, enhanced by the conjugation of the anti-Id to an immunotoxin, in particular one with low spontaneous toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blank
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Centre, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Tomer Y, Blank M, Shoenfeld Y. Suppression of experimental antiphospholipid syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus in mice by anti-CD4 monoclonal antibodies. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1994; 37:1236-44. [PMID: 7914411 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780370819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether anti-CD4 antibodies can suppress experimental antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) induced by an anti-DNA monoclonal antibody (MAb). METHODS BALB/c mice were treated with anti-CD4 MAb either before or 2 months after induction of experimental APS and SLE. Control mice were treated with rat IgG or phosphate buffered saline. Serologic and clinical manifestations of the disease were determined. RESULTS Treatment of mice with anti-CD4 before or 2 months after disease induction prevented the development of experimental APS and SLE. The treated mice did not develop leukopenia or proteinuria, and had fewer episodes of fetal resorption. Similarly, the treated mice did not develop elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, or thrombocytopenia, and had significantly lower levels of antibodies to double-stranded DNA, histones, MIV-7, cardiolipin, and phosphatidylserine. Levels of CD4+ cells in the lymph nodes declined temporarily after the treatment and then returned to normal. CONCLUSION Anti-CD4 antibodies can prevent experimental APS and SLE. These results may suggest a role for anti-CD4 treatment in human autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Tomer
- Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Shoenfeld Y, Blank M, Aharoni R, Teitelbaum D, Arnon R. Manipulation of autoimmune diseases with T-suppressor cells: lessons from experimental SLE and EAE. Immunol Lett 1993; 36:109-16. [PMID: 8349307 DOI: 10.1016/0165-2478(93)90041-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autoantibodies/biosynthesis
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/pathology
- Autoimmune Diseases/therapy
- Cells, Cultured
- Crosses, Genetic
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/pathology
- Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental/therapy
- Humans
- Hybridomas/immunology
- Hybridomas/transplantation
- Immune Tolerance
- Immunity, Innate/immunology
- Immunotherapy/methods
- Interleukin-2/pharmacology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/immunology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/pathology
- Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/therapy
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C/immunology
- Mice, Inbred C57BL/immunology
- Suppressor Factors, Immunologic/deficiency
- Suppressor Factors, Immunologic/therapeutic use
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/drug effects
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/immunology
- T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/transplantation
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Shoenfeld
- Department of Medicine B, Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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Blank M, Ben-Bassat M, Shoenfeld Y. The effect of cyclosporin A on early and late stages of experimental lupus. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1992; 35:1350-5. [PMID: 1445452 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780351116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of cyclosporin A (CSA) on the development of lupus in an experimental model. METHODS Lupus was induced in naive mice following injection of a human anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) monoclonal antibody carrying the 16/6 idiotype (Id). CSA was injected into the mice at an early stage of the disease (2 months after immunization) and at a late stage (4 months after immunization). RESULTS CSA was found to have a suppressive effect on autoantibody production, as well as on the appearance of other disease manifestations, in the mice with lupus. The effects of the drug were more prominent when the mice were treated at an early stage. This was reflected by a dramatic decrease, to normal levels, in autoantibodies to dsDNA, histones, cardiolipin, Sm, RNP, SS-A/Ro, SS-B/La, and anti-DNA 16/6 Id. Similar effects on the erythrocyte sedimentation rate, white blood cell count, and urinary protein levels were noted. These data were supported by electron microscopy analysis showing a lack of immunoglobulin deposition in the kidneys of mice in which treatment was started early. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that, similar to findings in other autoimmune conditions (e.g., insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus), administration of CSA at an early stage in systemic lupus erythematosus may be more beneficial than if the drug is given at a later stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Blank
- Research Unit of Autoimmune Diseases, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel
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