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Satpati GG, Devi A, Kundu D, Dikshit PK, Saravanabhupathy S, Rajlakshmi, Banerjee R, Chandra Rajak R, Kamli MR, Lee SY, Kim JW, Davoodbasha M. Synthesis, delineation and technological advancements of algae biochar for sustainable remediation of the emerging pollutants from wastewater-a review. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 258:119408. [PMID: 38876417 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The use of algae for value-added product and biorefining applications is enchanting attention among researchers in recent years due to its remarkable photosynthetic ability, adaptability, and capacity to accumulate lipids and carbohydrates. Algae biomass, based on its low manufacturing costs, is relatively renewable, sustainable, environmentally friendly and economical in comparison with other species. High production rate of algae provides a unique opportunity for its conversion to biochar with excellent physicochemical properties, viz. high surface area and pore volume, high adsorption capacity, abundant functional groups over surface, etc. Despite several potential algal-biochar, a detailed study on its application for removal of emerging contaminants from wastewater is limited. Therefore, this technical review is being carried out to evaluate the specific elimination of inorganic and organic pollutants from wastewater, with a view to assessing adsorption performances of biochar obtained from various algae species. Species-specific adsorption of emerging pollutants from wastewater have been discussed in the present review. The promising methods like pyrolysis, gasification, dry and wet torrefaction for the production of algae biochar are highlighted. The strategies include chemical and structural modifications of algae biochar for the removal of toxic contaminants have also been considered in the current work. The overall aim of this review is to confer about the synthesis, technological advancements, delineation and application of algae biochar for the treatment of wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gour Gopal Satpati
- Department of Botany, Bangabasi Evening College, University of Calcutta, 19 Rajkumar Chakraborty Sarani, Kolkata 700009, West Bengal, India.
| | - Anuradha Devi
- Department of Environmental Microbiology (DEM), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences (SEES), Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow 226025, U.P., India
| | - Debajyoti Kundu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Sciences, SRM University, Amaravati, Andhra Pradesh 522240, India
| | - Pritam Kumar Dikshit
- Department of Biotechnology, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522502, India; Department of Biotechnology, Graphic Era Deemed to be University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248002, India
| | | | - Rajlakshmi
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Rintu Banerjee
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Rajiv Chandra Rajak
- Department of Botany, Marwari College, Ranchi University, Ranchi 834008, India
| | - Majid Rasool Kamli
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sang-Yul Lee
- Division of Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Wan Kim
- Centre for Surface Technology and Applications, Korea Aerospace University, Goyang-si, Republic of Korea
| | - MubarakAli Davoodbasha
- School of Life Sciences, B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, 600048, India; Crescent Global Outreach Mission (CGOM), B.S. Abdur Rahman Crescent Institute of Science and Technology, Chennai, India.
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Paritosh K, Kesharwani N. Biochar mediated high-rate anaerobic bioreactors: A critical review on high-strength wastewater treatment and management. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 355:120348. [PMID: 38457889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Treatment of high-strength wastewater is critical for the aquatic environment and receiving water bodies around the globe. Untreated or partially treated high-strength wastewater may cause severe damage to the existing water bodies. Various high-rate anaerobic bioreactors have been developed in the last decades for treating high-strength wastewater. High-rate anaerobic bioreactors are effective in treating industrial wastewater and provide energy in the form of methane as well. However, the physical or chemical properties of high-strength industrial wastewater, sometimes, disrupt the functioning of a high-rate anaerobic bioreactor. For example, the disintegration of granular sludge in up flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor or membrane blocking in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor are the results of a high-strength wastewater treatment which hamper the proper functioning and may harm the wastewater treatment plant economically. Biochar, if added to these bioreactors, may help to alleviate the ill-functioning of high-rate anaerobic bioreactors. The primary mechanisms by biochar work in these bioreactors are direct interspecies electron transfer, microbial immobilization, or gene level alternations in microbial structure. The present article explores and reviews the recent application of biochar in a high-rate anaerobic bioreactor treating high-strength industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunwar Paritosh
- MaREI Centre, Environmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland; Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering and Architecture, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
| | - Nupur Kesharwani
- Department of Civil Engineering, Government Engineering College, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Bolan S, Hou D, Wang L, Hale L, Egamberdieva D, Tammeorg P, Li R, Wang B, Xu J, Wang T, Sun H, Padhye LP, Wang H, Siddique KHM, Rinklebe J, Kirkham MB, Bolan N. The potential of biochar as a microbial carrier for agricultural and environmental applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 886:163968. [PMID: 37164068 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochar can be an effective carrier for microbial inoculants because of its favourable properties promoting microbial life. In this review, we assess the effectiveness of biochar as a microbial carrier for agricultural and environmental applications. Biochar is enriched with organic carbon, contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium as nutrients, and has a high porosity and moisture-holding capacity. The large number of active hydroxyl, carboxyl, sulfonic acid group, amino, imino, and acylamino hydroxyl and carboxyl functional groups are effective for microbial cell adhesion and proliferation. The use of biochar as a carrier of microbial inoculum has been shown to enhance the persistence, survival and colonization of inoculated microbes in soil and plant roots, which play a crucial role in soil biochemical processes, nutrient and carbon cycling, and soil contamination remediation. Moreover, biochar-based microbial inoculants including probiotics effectively promote plant growth and remediate soil contaminated with organic pollutants. These findings suggest that biochar can serve as a promising substitute for non-renewable substrates, such as peat, to formulate and deliver microbial inoculants. The future research directions in relation to improving the carrier material performance and expanding the potential applications of this emerging biochar-based microbial immobilization technology have been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Healthy Environments and Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Australia
| | - Deyi Hou
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Liuwei Wang
- School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Lauren Hale
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, San Joaquin Valley Agricultural Sciences Center, 9611 South Riverbend Avenue, Parlier, CA 93648-9757, United States
| | - Dilfuza Egamberdieva
- Institute of Fundamental and Applied Research, National Research University (TIIAME), Tashkent 100000, Uzbekistan; Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research, Müncheberg, Germany
| | - Priit Tammeorg
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Rui Li
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaping Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwen Sun
- MOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Lokesh P Padhye
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Auckland, Auckland, 1010, New Zealand
| | - Hailong Wang
- Biochar Engineering Technology Research Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong 528000, People's Republic of China
| | - Kadambot H M Siddique
- The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water- and Waste-Management, Laboratory of Soil- and Groundwater-Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - M B Kirkham
- Department of Agronomy, Throckmorton Plant Sciences Center, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, United States
| | - Nanthi Bolan
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; The UWA Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009, Australia; Healthy Environments and Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Australia.
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Han M, Zhang C, Ho SH. Immobilized microalgal system: An achievable idea for upgrading current microalgal wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 14:100227. [PMID: 36560958 PMCID: PMC9763361 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2022.100227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Efficient wastewater treatment accompanied by sustainable "nutrients/pollutants waste-wastewater-resources/energy nexus" management is acting as a prominent and urgent global issue since severe pollution has occurred increasingly. Diverting wastes from wastewater into the value-added microalgal-biomass stream is a promising goal using biological wastewater treatment technologies. This review proposed an idea of upgrading the current microalgal wastewater treatment by using immobilized microalgal system. Firstly, a systematic analysis of microalgal immobilization technology is displayed through an in-depth discussion on why using immobilized microalgae for wastewater treatment. Subsequently, the main technical approaches employed for microalgal immobilization and pollutant removal mechanisms by immobilized microalgae are summarized. Furthermore, from high-tech technologies to promote large-scale production and application potentials in diverse wastewater and bioreactors to downstream applications lead upgradation closer, the feasibility of upgrading existing microalgal wastewater treatment into immobilized microalgal systems is thoroughly discussed. Eventually, several research directions are proposed toward the future immobilized microalgal system for microalgal wastewater treatment upgrading. Together, it appears that using immobilization for further upgrading the microalgae-based wastewater treatment can be recognized as an achievable alternative to make microalgal wastewater treatment more realistic. The information and perspectives provided in this review also offer a feasible reference for upgrading conventional microalgae-based wastewater treatment.
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Partovinia A, Vatankhah E. Investigating the effect of electrosprayed alginate/PVA beads size on the microbial growth kinetics: Phenol biodegradation through immobilized activated sludge. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15538. [PMID: 37151691 PMCID: PMC10161716 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence of cyclic organic compounds, including phenol, in the wastewater of many industries has made phenol removal an important issue. Meanwhile, the biological methods of removing phenol have attracted the attention of researchers in recent years. Recently, the use of immobilized microbial cells is proposed as a new approach in industrial wastewater treatment. In this research, the aim is to study the effect of immobilized beads size on the phenol biodegradation efficiency and specific microbial growth rate. For this purpose, electrospray technique was used to immobilize activated sludge in hybrid matrix of alginate and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The fabricated alginate/PVA beads were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Evaluation of the results related to the free and immobilized cell systems in the shake flask experiments showed that at low phenol concentrations the immobilized cell system had the same performance as the free cell system, while the immobilized cell system at higher concentrations had a better performance in removing phenol so that at a concentration of 2000 mg/L, removal percentage has increased from 15% to 25-34%. On the other hand, in this survey, the kinetic behavior of activated sludge was in good agreement with Haldane's equation. Moreover, the maximum specific growth rate was measured 0.033 and 0.041 (h-1) beside 544 and 636 mg/L substrate inhibition constant, for free and immobilized cell systems, respectively. This result shows that the phenol biodegradation has been improved by using the cell immobilization technique especially with applying the smaller beads, which is due to improved mass transfer and microbial cell protection from harsh environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Partovinia
- Bioprocess Engineering Laboratory, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering, Zirab Campus, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| | - Elham Vatankhah
- Department of Biological Systems, Faculty of New Technologies Engineering, Zirab Campus, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Assessing Edible Filamentous Fungal Carriers as Cell Supports for Growth of Yeast and Cultivated Meat. Foods 2022; 11:foods11193142. [PMID: 36230217 PMCID: PMC9564274 DOI: 10.3390/foods11193142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The growth and activity of adherent cells can be enabled or enhanced through attachment to a solid surface. For food and beverage production processes, these solid supports should be food-grade, low-cost, and biocompatible with the cell of interest. Solid supports that are edible can be a part of the final product, thus simplifying downstream operations in the production of fermented beverages and lab grown meat. We provide proof of concept that edible filamentous fungal pellets can function as a solid support by assessing the attachment and growth of two model cell types: yeast, and myoblast cells. The filamentous fungus Aspergillus oryzae was cultured to produce pellets with 0.9 mm diameter. These fugal pellets were inactivated by heat or chemical methods and characterized physicochemically. Chemically inactivated pellets had the lowest dry mass and were the most hydrophobic. Scanning electron microscope images showed that both yeast and myoblast cells naturally adhered to the fungal pellets. Over 48 h of incubation, immobilized yeast increased five-fold on active pellets and six-fold on heat-inactivated pellets. Myoblast cells proliferated best on heat-treated pellets, where viable cell activity increased almost two-fold, whereas on chemically inactivated pellets myoblasts did not increase in the cell mass. These results support the use of filamentous fungi as a novel cell immobilization biomaterial for food technology applications.
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Li R, Wang B, Niu A, Cheng N, Chen M, Zhang X, Yu Z, Wang S. Application of biochar immobilized microorganisms for pollutants removal from wastewater: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 837:155563. [PMID: 35504384 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2022] [Accepted: 04/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Microbial immobilization technology (MIT) has been rapidly developed and used to remove pollutants from water/wastewater in recent years, owing to its high stability, rapid reaction rate, and high activity. Microbial immobilization carrier with low cost and high removal efficiency is the key of MIT. Biochar is considered to be an efficient carrier for microbial immobilization because of its high porosity and good adsorption effect, which can provide a habitat for microorganisms. The use of biochar immobilized microorganisms to treat different pollutants in wastewater is a promising treatment method. Compared with the other biological treatment technology, biochar immobilized microorganisms can improve microbial abundance, repeated utilization ratio, microbial metabolic capacity, etc. However, current research on this method is still in its infancy. Little attention has been paid to the interaction mechanisms between biochar and microorganisms, and many studies are only carried out in the laboratory. There are still problems such as difficult recovery after use and secondary pollution caused by residual pollutants after biochar adsorption, which need further clarification. To have comprehensive digestion and an in-depth understanding of biochar immobilized microorganisms technology in wastewater treatment, the wastewater treatment methods based on biochar are firstly summarized in this review. Then the mechanisms of immobilized microorganisms were explored, and the applications of biochar immobilized microorganisms in wastewater were systematically reviewed. Finally, suggestions and perspectives for future research and practical application are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China.
| | - Aping Niu
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Ning Cheng
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Miao Chen
- College of Resource and Environmental Engineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China; Key Laboratory of Karst Georesources and Environment, Ministry of Education, Guiyang, Guizhou 550025, China
| | - Xueyang Zhang
- School of Environmental Engineering, Xuzhou University of Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221018, China
| | - Zebin Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Non-ferrous Metals and Materials, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Processing for Non-ferrous Metals and Featured Materials, School of Resources, Environment & Materials, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Shengsen Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
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Zhang J, Wei J, Massey IY, Peng T, Yang F. Immobilization of Microbes for Biodegradation of Microcystins: A Mini Review. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14080573. [PMID: 36006234 PMCID: PMC9416196 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14080573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful cyanobacterial blooms (HCBs) frequently occur in eutrophic freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Microcystins (MCs) are considered to be the most prominent and toxic metabolites during HCBs. MCs may be harmful to human and animal health through drinking water and recreational water. Biodegradation is eco-friendly, cost-effective and one of the most effective methods to remove MCs. Many novel MC-degrading bacteria and their potential for MCs degradation have been documented. However, it is a challenge to apply the free MC-degrading bacterial cells in natural environments due to the long-term operational instability and difficult recycling. Immobilization is the process of restricting the mobility of bacteria using carriers, which has several advantages as biocatalysts compared to free bacterial cells. Biological water treatment systems with microbial immobilization technology can potentially be utilized to treat MC-polluted wastewater. In this review article, various types of supporting materials and methods for microbial immobilization and the application of bacterial immobilization technology for the treatment of MCs-contaminated water are discussed. This article may further broaden the application of microbial immobilization technology to the bioremediation of MC-polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Jia Wei
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Isaac Yaw Massey
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
| | - Tangjian Peng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (T.P.); (F.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-731-8480-5460 (F.Y.)
| | - Fei Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Typical Environmental Pollution and Health Hazards, School of Public Health, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- The Key Laboratory of Ecological Environment and Critical Human Diseases Prevention of Hunan Province, Department of Education, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
- Correspondence: (T.P.); (F.Y.); Tel./Fax: +86-731-8480-5460 (F.Y.)
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Wang S, Rivera-Tarazona LK, Abdelrahman MK, Ware TH. Digitally Programmable Manufacturing of Living Materials Grown from Biowaste. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:20062-20072. [PMID: 35442018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Material manufacturing strategies that use little energy, valorize waste, and result in degradable products are urgently needed. Strategies that transform abundant biomass into functional materials form one approach to these emerging manufacturing techniques. From a biological standpoint, morphogenesis of biological tissues is a "manufacturing" mode without energy-intensive processes, large carbon footprints, and toxic wastes. Inspired by biological morphogenesis, we propose a manufacturing strategy by embedding living Saccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) within a synthetic acrylic hydrogel matrix. By culturing the living materials in media derived from bread waste, encapsulated yeast cells can proliferate, resulting in a dramatic dry mass and volume increase of the whole living material. After growth, the final material is up to 96 wt % biomass and 590% larger in volume than the initial object. By digitally programming the cell viability through UV irradiation or photodynamic inactivation, the living materials can form complex user-defined relief surfaces or 3D objects during growth. Ultimately, the grown structures can also be designed to be degradable. The proposed living material manufacturing strategy cultured from biowaste may pave the way for future ecologically friendly manufacturing of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suitu Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Laura K Rivera-Tarazona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Mustafa K Abdelrahman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Taylor H Ware
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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de Albuquerque TL, de Sousa M, Gomes E Silva NC, Girão Neto CAC, Gonçalves LRB, Fernandez-Lafuente R, Rocha MVP. β-Galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis: Characterization, production, immobilization and applications - A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 191:881-898. [PMID: 34571129 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.09.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A review on the enzyme β-galactosidase from Kluyveromyces lactis is presented, from the perspective of its structure and mechanisms of action, the main catalyzed reactions, the key factors influencing its activity, and selectivity, as well as the main techniques used for improving the biocatalyst functionality. Particular attention was given to the discussion of hydrolysis, transglycosylation, and galactosylation reactions, which are commonly mediated by this enzyme. In addition, the products generated from these processes were highlighted. Finally, biocatalyst improvement techniques are also discussed, such as enzyme immobilization and protein engineering. On these topics, the most recent immobilization strategies are presented, emphasizing processes that not only allow the recovery of the biocatalyst but also deliver enzymes that show better resistance to high temperatures, chemicals, and inhibitors. In addition, genetic engineering techniques to improve the catalytic properties of the β-galactosidases were reported. This review gathers information to allow the development of biocatalysts based on the β-galactosidase enzyme from K. lactis, aiming to improve existing bioprocesses or develop new ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Lima de Albuquerque
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marylane de Sousa
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Natan Câmara Gomes E Silva
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alberto Chaves Girão Neto
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luciana Rocha Barros Gonçalves
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Roberto Fernandez-Lafuente
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica - CSIC, Campus of excellence UAM-CSIC, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain; Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Maria Valderez Ponte Rocha
- Federal University of Ceará, Technology Center, Chemical Engineering Department, Campus do Pici, Bloco 709, 60 455 - 760 Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil.
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11
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Yeast immobilisation for brewery fermentation. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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12
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Lopes MGM, Santana HS, Silva AGP, Taranto OP. Three‐dimensional‐printed millireactor with yeast immobilized in calcium‐alginate film for application in fermentation processes. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Harrson S. Santana
- School of Chemical Engineering University of Campinas Campinas SP Brazil
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Show S, Chakraborty P, Karmakar B, Halder G. Sorptive and microbial riddance of micro-pollutant ibuprofen from contaminated water: A state of the art review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 786:147327. [PMID: 33984700 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Continuous discharge of ibuprofen, a pharmaceutical compound in local water systems is becoming a budding concern as seen from data procured from the past few decades. Increased concentrations of the compound in water reservoirs resulted in adverse effects on the environment. In order to prevent the deleterious impacts of increasing ibuprofen concentration in water bodies, application of cost effective and energy efficient elimination of ibuprofen (IBP) is needed. As a result, various techniques over time have been tested for IBP expulsion from aqueous media. However, adsorption and bioremediation are still the most realistic approaches to remove ibuprofen than conventional methods, like precipitation, reverse osmosis, ion exchange, nano-filtration etc., because of their lower initial cost, reduced electricity consumption, minimized sludge generation, local availability of precursor material etc. Various researchers have reported the applicability of the adsorption and bioremediation process in remediation of ibuprofen from water. Therefore, the present review article confers both the biosorption and bioremediation process towards IBP removal from water bodies and explicates the performances of various adsorbents and microorganisms derived from various sources. The presented review also substantially emphasizes on the effect of different parameters on sorptive uptake of ibuprofen, various isotherms and kinetic models, sorption mechanism and assessment of costs, which could enable future researchers to determine widespread use of reported adsorbents and microbes towards effective elimination of IBP from aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumona Show
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India
| | - Prasenjit Chakraborty
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India
| | - Bisheswar Karmakar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India
| | - Gopinath Halder
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology Durgapur, India.
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14
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Dong X, Li Y, Zhu R, Wang C, Ge S. Biotreatment of Cr(VI) and pyrene combined water pollution by loofa-immobilized bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:45619-45628. [PMID: 33871775 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-13893-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and pyrene are toxic pollutants that are difficult to remediate from soils and wastewater. Serratia sp. strains have been previously demonstrated to remove either Cr(VI) or pyrene and here a new isolate, called the Z6 strain, was demonstrated to remove both simultaneously. The removal occurs primarily by Cr(VI) reduction and pyrene biodegradation, and genome analysis suggests the removal mechanisms are the putative chromate reductase and two assumable pathways of pyrene degradation. The Z6 strain effectively removed most Cr(VI) (up to approximately 86%) and pyrene (up to approximately 57%) in seven different types of wastewater after 7 days of biotreatment. Additionally, the carrier loofa used for bacteria immobilization did not change the kinetics of Cr(VI) reduction or pyrene degradation. The carrier loofa was also effective for multiple uses, with removal capacity not being significantly affected over the first seven cycles with the same carrier loofa. These results provide data for developing practical biotreatment applications of Cr(VI) and pyrene contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinjiao Dong
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaru Li
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Chuanhua Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Shimei Ge
- College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang Province, China.
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15
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Kachieng'a LO, Unuofin JO. The potentials of biofilm reactor as recourse for the recuperation of rare earth metals/elements from wastewater: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:44755-44767. [PMID: 34235691 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15297-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater is nowadays increasingly receiving global attention as a resource much more than a problem due to its potential so serve as a resource recovery channel. In this regard, wastewater is gradually been transformed from being a cesspool to a "treasure pool." Among notable resources in the treasure pool, rare earth metals/elements (REEs) warrant focal investigation, both in terms of environmental abundance and biorecovery, due to their environmental impacts. The ineffectiveness or cost intensiveness of extant physicochemical and advanced wastewater resource recovery techniques warrants the investigation of natural phenomenons in the treasure pools. Bacteria are able to cleverly secrete certain biochemicals to help trap and aggregate nutrients for their metabolism-the biofilms. In this regard, there is increased espousal of biofilm-enabled reactors, especially for the application of the recovery of invaluable feedstock in wastewater as well as other aqueous media due to high production rates and stability of cells. Furthermore, it anticipated that this technology will be translated to recovery of rare earth elements, due to their increased demand across the globe. This piece reiterates the nitty-gritty of biofilm-enhanced biorecovery and also keeps the scientific readership abreast of the multifarious aspects regarding the successful biofilm affected biorecovery of REEs at reactor scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Owino Kachieng'a
- Department of Environmental, Water and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, Tshwane University of Technology, Arcadia Campus, P/Bag X680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - John Onolame Unuofin
- Department of Microbial, Biochemical and Food Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of the Free State, 205 Nelson Mandela Drive, Park West, Bloemfontein, 9301, South Africa.
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16
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Zhao F, Zhang H, Yan P, Chen Y, Wu Q, Fang M, Wu Y, Gong Z. Synthesis of coimmobilized microorganisms for the removal of cadmium from cadmium-contaminated rice flour. Food Sci Nutr 2021; 9:4509-4516. [PMID: 34401098 PMCID: PMC8358380 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
China has the greatest rice production in the world, but the problem of heavy metal pollution in rice is becoming increasingly serious. The present study examined a microbial immobilization method to remove cadmium (Cd) in rice flour. The study demonstrated that Lactobacillus plantarum (L. plantarum) exhibited the best removal effect, but the microorganisms were difficult to separate from rice flour. Diatomaceous earth coimmobilized microbial pellets (DECIMPs) were prepared using coimmobilized L. plantarum with sodium alginate (SA, 3%), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, 2%), and diatomaceous earth (DE, 1%). Compared with microbial fermentation, the immobilized pellets had less influence on rice quality, and Cd removal rates of sample 1 (0.459 ± 0.006 mg/kg) and 2 (0.873 ± 0.031 mg/kg) reached 90.01% ± 1.01% (0.051 ± 0.003 mg/kg) and 91.80% ± 0.54% (0.068 ± 0.034 mg/kg), which were significantly higher than free microbial fermentation. In addition, microbial was easily separated. These results show that DECIMPs fermentation is an effective means of removing Cd from rice and could be considered as a strategy for the development of Cd-free rice-based foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Hu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Pianpian Yan
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Qian Wu
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Min Fang
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Yongning Wu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk AssessmentFood Safety Research Unit (2019RU014) of Chinese Academy of Medical ScienceChina National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijingChina
| | - Zhiyong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Deep Processing of Major Grain and Oil of Ministry of EducationWuhan Polytechnic UniversityWuhanChina
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17
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Vassileva M, Malusà E, Sas-Paszt L, Trzcinski P, Galvez A, Flor-Peregrin E, Shilev S, Canfora L, Mocali S, Vassilev N. Fermentation Strategies to Improve Soil Bio-Inoculant Production and Quality. Microorganisms 2021; 9:1254. [PMID: 34207668 PMCID: PMC8229917 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The application of plant beneficial microorganisms has been widely accepted as an efficient alternative to chemical fertilizers and pesticides. Isolation and selection of efficient microorganisms, their characterization and testing in soil-plant systems are well studied. However, the production stage and formulation of the final products are not in the focus of the research, which affects the achievement of stable and consistent results in the field. Recent analysis of the field of plant beneficial microorganisms suggests a more integrated view on soil inoculants with a special emphasis on the inoculant production process, including fermentation, formulation, processes, and additives. This mini-review describes the different groups of fermentation processes and their characteristics, bearing in mind different factors, both nutritional and operational, which affect the biomass/spores yield and microbial metabolite activity. The characteristics of the final products of fermentation process optimization strategies determine further steps of development of the microbial inoculants. Submerged liquid and solid-state fermentation processes, fed-batch operations, immobilized cell systems, and production of arbuscular mycorrhiza are presented and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. Recommendations for further development of the fermentation strategies for biofertilizer production are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Vassileva
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, C/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.V.); (A.G.); (E.F.-P.)
| | - Eligio Malusà
- The National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland; (E.M.); (L.S.-P.); (P.T.)
| | - Lidia Sas-Paszt
- The National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland; (E.M.); (L.S.-P.); (P.T.)
| | - Pawel Trzcinski
- The National Institute of Horticultural Research, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland; (E.M.); (L.S.-P.); (P.T.)
| | - Antonia Galvez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, C/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.V.); (A.G.); (E.F.-P.)
| | - Elena Flor-Peregrin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, C/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.V.); (A.G.); (E.F.-P.)
| | - Stefan Shilev
- Department of Microbiology and Environmental Biotechnology, University of Agriculture-Plovdiv, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria;
| | - Loredana Canfora
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00184 Roma, Italy; (L.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Stefano Mocali
- Research Centre for Agriculture and Environment, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics, 00184 Roma, Italy; (L.C.); (S.M.)
| | - Nikolay Vassilev
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Granada, C/Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain; (M.V.); (A.G.); (E.F.-P.)
- Institute of Biotechnology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
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18
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López-Menchero JR, Ogawa M, Mauricio JC, Moreno J, Moreno-García J. Effect of calcium alginate coating on the cell retention and fermentation of a fungus-yeast immobilization system. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2021.111250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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19
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Mohanty SS, Reddy DK, Jena HM. Mass transfer study of butachlor biodegradation using immobilized microbial consortium
SMC1
in a packed bed bioreactor. CAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.24118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Satya Sundar Mohanty
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela India
| | - D. Karthik Reddy
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela India
| | - Hara Mohan Jena
- Department of Chemical Engineering National Institute of Technology Rourkela India
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20
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Campaniello D, Bevilacqua A, Speranza B, Sinigaglia M, Corbo MR. Alginate- and Gelatin-Coated Apple Pieces as Carriers for Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis DSM 10140. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:566596. [PMID: 33178152 PMCID: PMC7597366 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.566596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit and vegetables are considered good natural supports for microorganisms; however, probiotics could cause negative changes on some organoleptic and sensory traits. Thus, the main topic of this paper was the design of coated apple chips as carriers for probiotics with a high level of sensory traits. The research was divided into two steps. First, four functional strains (Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 20016, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis DSM 10140, and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum c16 and c19) were immobilized on apple pieces through dipping of fruit chips in probiotic suspensions for different contact times (from 15 to 30 min) and stored at 4°C for 12 days. Periodically, the viable count was assessed. As a result of this step, a contact time of 15 min was chosen because it assured an optimal deposition of microorganisms. In the second step, apple pieces inoculated with B. animalis subsp. lactis DSM 10140 were coated with alginate and gelatin and stored at 4 and 8°C for 10 days; pH, microbiological counts, color (browning index), and sensory scores were evaluated. Bifidobacterium animalis DSM 10140 exerted a negative effect on apple chips and cause a significant browning; however, the use of coating counteracted this phenomenon. In fact, coated chips showed higher sensory scores and lower browning index. In addition, gelatin showed better performances in terms of probiotic viability, because at 8°C, a significant viability loss of B. animalis DSM 10140 (1.2 log cfu/g) was found on alginate-coated chips. Gelatin-coated apple pieces with B. animalis subsp. lactis DSM 10140 could be an attractive functional food for a wide audience, although further investigations are required on in vivo effects of this product after consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Campaniello
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Antonio Bevilacqua
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Barbara Speranza
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Milena Sinigaglia
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Rosaria Corbo
- Department of the Science of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
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21
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Modeling of Biofilm Growth on Fine Spherical Particles with the Use of Cellular Automata: The Influence of Cell Death and Lysis on the Biofilm Structure. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8101234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The paper concerns the modeling of heterogeneous biofilm growth on fine spherical particles of such biofilm forms as, e.g., fluidized-bed bioreactors. Three discrete mathematical models based on cellular automata theory were proposed. The double-substrate kinetics of biomass growth, biomass displacement, internal and external mass transfer resistances, death and lysis of microbiological cells and biofilm detachment were taken into account. It was shown that there are no significant qualitative and quantitative differences between biofilm growth on flat and spherical particles of different radii. Computer simulations were compared with experimental observations. Qualitative and quantitative agreement areachieved if both cell death and lysis aretaken into consideration and a proper algorithm of biomass displacement is used. The value of the bacteria lysis rate coefficient was estimated.
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22
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Wang SZ, Wang ZK, Gong JS, Qin J, Dong TT, Xu ZH, Shi JS. Improving the biocatalytic performance of co-immobilized cells harboring nitrilase via addition of silica and calcium carbonate. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2020; 43:2201-2207. [PMID: 32661565 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02405-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
To improve nicotinic acid (NA) yield and meet industrial application requirements of sodium alginate-polyvinyl alcohol (SA-PVA) immobilized cells of Pseudomonas putida mut-D3 harboring nitrilase, inorganic materials were added to the SA-PVA immobilized cells to improve mechanical strength and mass transfer performance. The concentrations of inorganic materials were optimized to be 2.0% silica and 0.6% CaCO3. The optimal pH and temperature for SA-PVA immobilized cells and composite immobilized cells were both 8.0 and 45 °C, respectively. The half-lives of composite immobilized cells were 271.48, 150.92, 92.92 and 33.12 h, which were 1.40-, 1.35-, 1.22- and 1.63-fold compared to SA-PVA immobilized cells, respectively. The storage stability of the composite immobilized cells was slightly increased. The composite immobilized cells could convert 14 batches of 3-cyanopyridine with feeding concentration of 250 mM and accumulate 418 g ·L-1 nicotinic acid, while the SA-PVA immobilized cells accumulated 346 g L-1 nicotinic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun-Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Kai Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jiufu Qin
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Ting-Ting Dong
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Provincial Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, People's Republic of China.
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23
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Pei X, Li Y, Du C, Yuan T, Fan C, Hong H, Yuan W. Production of L-alanyl-L-glutamine by immobilized Escherichia coli expressing amino acid ester acyltransferase. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:6967-6976. [PMID: 32594215 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10752-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Production of Ala-Gln by the E. coli expressing α-amino acid ester acyltransferase was a promising technical route due to its high enzyme activity, but the continuous production ability still needs to improve. Therefore, the immobilized E. coli expressing α-amino acid ester acyltransferase was applied for the continuous production of Ala-Gln. Four materials were selected as embedding medium for the whole cell entrapment of recombinant bacteria. Calcium alginate beads were found to be the most proper entrapment carrier for production of Ala-Gln. The temperature, pH, and repeatability of the immobilized cell were compared with free cells. Results showed that immobilization cell could maintain a wider range of temperature/pH and better stability than free cell (20-35 °C/pH 8.0-9.0, and 25 °C/pH 8.5, respectively). On this basis, continuous production strategy was put forward by filling the immobilized cell in the tubular reactor with multiple control conditions. The Ala-Gln by immobilization cell achieved the productivity of 2.79 mg/(min*mL-CV) without intermittent time. Consequently, these findings suggest that the immobilization technique has potential applications in the production of Ala-Gln by biotechnological method. KEY POINTS: • Immobilization helps to achieve high efficiency production of Ala-Gln. • Immobilized cells have better stability than free cells. • Sodium alginate is the most suitable immobilized material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuze Pei
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Yimin Li
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Cong Du
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Tangguo Yuan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Chao Fan
- Innobio Corporation Limited, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Hao Hong
- Innobio Corporation Limited, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Wenjie Yuan
- School of Bioengineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China.
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24
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Uria N, Fiset E, Pellitero MA, Muñoz F, Rabaey K, Campo F. Immobilisation of electrochemically active bacteria on screen-printed electrodes for rapid in situ toxicity biosensing. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 3:100053. [PMID: 36159604 PMCID: PMC9488082 DOI: 10.1016/j.ese.2020.100053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial biosensors can be an excellent alternative to classical methods for toxicity monitoring, which are time-consuming and not sensitive enough. However, bacteria typically connect to electrodes through biofilm formation, leading to problems due to lack of uniformity or long device production times. A suitable immobilisation technique can overcome these challenges. Still, they may respond more slowly than biofilm-based electrodes because bacteria gradually adapt to electron transfer during biofilm formation. In this study, we propose a controlled and reproducible way to fabricate bacteria-modified electrodes. The method consists of an immobilisation step using a cellulose matrix, followed by an electrode polarization in the presence of ferricyanide and glucose. Our process is short, reproducible and led us to obtain ready-to-use electrodes featuring a high-current response. An excellent shelf-life of the immobilised electrochemically active bacteria was demonstrated for up to one year. After an initial 50% activity loss in the first month, no further declines have been observed over the following 11 months. We implemented our bacteria-modified electrodes to fabricate a lateral flow platform for toxicity monitoring using formaldehyde (3%). Its addition led to a 59% current decrease approximately 20 min after the toxic input. The methods presented here offer the ability to develop a high sensitivity, easy to produce, and long shelf life bacteria-based toxicity detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Uria
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), 08193, Esfera UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
- Arkyne Technologies SL (Bioo) ES-B90229261, Carrer de La Tecnologia, 17, 08840, Viladecans, Barcelona, Spain
| | - E. Fiset
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET) – FBE – Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - M. Aller Pellitero
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), 08193, Esfera UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F.X. Muñoz
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), 08193, Esfera UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - K. Rabaey
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET) – FBE – Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- CAPTURE, Belgium
| | - F.J.del Campo
- Institut de Microelectrònica de Barcelona, IMB-CNM (CSIC), 08193, Esfera UAB, 08193, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
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25
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Pathak U, Banerjee A, Roy T, Das SK, Das P, Kumar T, Mandal T. Evaluation of mass transfer effect and response surface optimization for abatement of phenol and cyanide using immobilized carbon alginate beads in a fixed bio‐column reactor. ASIA-PAC J CHEM ENG 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/apj.2405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Uttarini Pathak
- Centre for Technological Excellence in Water Purification, Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur India
| | - Avishek Banerjee
- Centre for Technological Excellence in Water Purification, Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur India
| | - Teetas Roy
- Centre for Technological Excellence in Water Purification, Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur India
| | - Subham Kumar Das
- Centre for Technological Excellence in Water Purification, Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur India
| | - Papita Das
- Department of Chemical EngineeringJadavpur University Kolkata Kolkata India
| | - Tarkeshwar Kumar
- Department of Petroleum EngineeringIndian Institute of Technology (Indian School of Mines) Dhanbad, Dhanbad India
| | - Tamal Mandal
- Centre for Technological Excellence in Water Purification, Department of Chemical EngineeringNational Institute of Technology Durgapur Durgapur India
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26
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Ng KS, Wang SY, Chen MJ. A novel immobilized cell system involving Taiwanese kefir microorganisms and sugar cane pieces for fermented milk production. J Dairy Sci 2019; 103:141-149. [PMID: 31629528 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-16763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to develop a novel immobilized system using kefir lactic acid bacteria and sugar cane pieces for the production of fermented milk. Lactobacillus kefiranofaciens HL1, Lactobacillus kefiri HL2, Leuconostoc mesenteroides HL3, and Lactococcus lactis HL4 were isolated from Taiwanese kefir grains and immobilized on pieces of sugar cane using adsorption. Scanning electron micrographs of the cell-immobilized sugar cane pieces (CISCP) showed that the microorganisms were embedded within the porous structures of the sugar cane pieces. During 28 cycles of repeated batch fermentation, viable cells on both sugar cane pieces and fermented products were maintained at 10 log cfu/g (cfu/mL). Random amplified polymorphic DNA PCR analysis revealed that Leu. mesenteroides HL3 (29-43%) and Lc. lactis HL4 (31-49%) were predominant on the CISCP, and the fermented samples had 79% Lc. lactis HL4. When tracking fermentation parameters, the data on the microbial, chemical, and physical properties of the fermented milk suggested that the CISCP had stable fermentative ability over the course of successive fermentations. We found an enhancement of the acid-producing ability of CISCP as the number of fermentations increased, with a significant growth in titratable acidity from 0.65 to 0.81% by the end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ker-Sin Ng
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617
| | - Sheng-Yao Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
| | - Ming-Ju Chen
- Department of Animal Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617.
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27
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Lou L, Huang Q, Lou Y, Lu J, Hu B, Lin Q. Adsorption and degradation in the removal of nonylphenol from water by cells immobilized on biochar. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 228:676-684. [PMID: 31063914 PMCID: PMC6771920 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the role of adsorption by biochar and biodegradation by bacteria in the wastewater treatment system of microorganisms immobilized on biochar, Nonylphenol (NP) removal (adsorption + degradation) rates and degradation rates from water by NP degrading bacteria immobilized on bamboo charcoal (BC) and wood charcoal (WC) were examined in a short-term and long-term. Results showed that cells immobilized on different biochar had different NP removal effects, and cells immobilized on bamboo charcoal (I-BC) was better. After eight rounds of long-term reuse, the cumulative removal rate and the degradation rate of NP in water by I-BC were 93.95% and 41.86%, respectively, significantly higher than those of cells immobilized on wood charcoal (69.60%, 22.78%) and free cells (64.79%, 19.49%) (P < 0.01). The rise in the ratio of the degradation rate to the removal rate indicated that the long-term NP removal effect is more dependent on biodegradation. The amount of residual NP in I-BC still accounted for about 50%, indicating that the secondary pollution in the disposal of carrier could not be ignored. In addition, promotion effect of biochar on microorganisms were observed by SEM, quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA. Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Ochrobactrum and Stenotrophomonas were predominant bacteria for NP degradation. The addition of biochar (especially bamboo charcoal) also effectively delayed the transformation of their community structure.
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MESH Headings
- Adsorption
- Bacteria/genetics
- Bacteria/metabolism
- Biodegradation, Environmental
- Bioreactors/microbiology
- Cells, Immobilized
- Charcoal/chemistry
- Microbial Consortia/genetics
- Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
- Phenols/chemistry
- Phenols/isolation & purification
- RNA, Ribosomal, 16S
- Sasa/chemistry
- Waste Disposal, Fluid/instrumentation
- Waste Disposal, Fluid/methods
- Wastewater/chemistry
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/chemistry
- Water Pollutants, Chemical/isolation & purification
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qian Huang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Academy of Environmental Planning & Design, Co., Ltd., Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, People's Republic of China
| | - Yiling Lou
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingrang Lu
- Office of Research and Development, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA
| | - Baolan Hu
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Lin
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310029, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, 310020, People's Republic of China.
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28
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Cuny L, Pfaff D, Luther J, Ranzinger F, Ödman P, Gescher J, Guthausen G, Horn H, Hille‐Reichel A. Evaluation of productive biofilms for continuous lactic acid production. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 116:2687-2697. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.27080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laure Cuny
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Daniel Pfaff
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Jonas Luther
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Florian Ranzinger
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | | | - Johannes Gescher
- Department of Applied Biology, Institute for Applied BiologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Gisela Guthausen
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyMechanical Process Engineering and Mechanics Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Harald Horn
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
- DVGW Research Laboratories for Water Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Andrea Hille‐Reichel
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler‐Bunte‐InstitutWater Chemistry and Water Technology Karlsruhe Germany
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29
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Sakkos JK, Wackett LP, Aksan A. Enhancement of biocatalyst activity and protection against stressors using a microbial exoskeleton. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3158. [PMID: 30816335 PMCID: PMC6395662 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-40113-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole cell biocatalysts can perform numerous industrially-relevant chemical reactions. While they are less expensive than purified enzymes, whole cells suffer from inherent reaction rate limitations due to transport resistance imposed by the cell membrane. Furthermore, it is desirable to immobilize the biocatalysts to enable ease of separation from the reaction mixture. In this study, we used a layer-by-layer (LbL) self-assembly process to create a microbial exoskeleton which, simultaneously immobilized, protected, and enhanced the reactivity of a whole cell biocatalyst. As a proof of concept, we used Escherichia coli expressing homoprotocatechuate 2,3-dioxygenase (HPCD) as a model biocatalyst and coated it with up to ten alternating layers of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and silica. The microbial exoskeleton also protected the biocatalyst against a variety of external stressors including: desiccation, freeze/thaw, exposure to high temperatures, osmotic shock, as well as against enzymatic attack by lysozyme, and predation by protozoa. While we observed increased permeability of the outer membrane after exoskeleton deposition, this had a moderate effect on the reaction rate (up to two-fold enhancement). When the exoskeleton construction was followed by detergent treatment to permeabilize the cytoplasmic membrane, up to 15-fold enhancement in the reaction rate was reached. With the exoskeleton, we increased in the reaction rate constants as much as 21-fold by running the biocatalyst at elevated temperatures ranging from 40 °C to 60 °C, a supraphysiologic temperature range not accessible by unprotected bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan K Sakkos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Lawrence P Wackett
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
- The BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA
| | - Alptekin Aksan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
- The BioTechnology Institute, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, 55108, USA.
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30
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Polyextremophilic Bacteria from High Altitude Andean Lakes: Arsenic Resistance Profiles and Biofilm Production. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:1231975. [PMID: 30915345 PMCID: PMC6409018 DOI: 10.1155/2019/1231975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 01/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
High levels of arsenic present in the High Altitude Andean Lakes (HAALs) ecosystems selected arsenic-resistant microbial communities which are of novel interest to study adaptations mechanisms potentially useful in bioremediation processes. We herein performed a detailed characterization of the arsenic tolerance profiles and the biofilm production of two HAAL polyextremophiles, Acinetobacter sp. Ver3 (Ver3) and Exiguobacterium sp. S17 (S17). Cellular adherence over glass and polypropylene surfaces were evaluated together with the effect of increasing doses and oxidative states of arsenic over the quality and quantity of their biofilm production. The arsenic tolerance outcomes showed that HAAL strains could tolerate higher arsenic concentrations than phylogenetic related strains belonging to the German collection of microorganisms and cell cultures (Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen, DSMZ), which suggest adaptations of HAAL strains to their original environment. On the other hand, the crystal violet method (CV) and SEM analysis showed that Ver3 and S17 were able to attach to solid surfaces and to form the biofilm. The quantification of biofilms production in 48 hours' cultures through CV shows that Ver3 yielded higher production in the treatment without arsenic cultured on a glass support, while S17 yield higher biofilm production under intermediate arsenic concentration on glass supports. Polypropylene supports had negative effects on the biofilm production of Ver3 and S17. SEM analysis shows that the highest biofilm yields could be associated with a larger number of attached cells as well as the development of more complex 3D multicellular structures.
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31
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Sanjari S, Mohammad Gholizadeh H, Vahabzadeh F. Loofa immobilized Bacillus sp. DSM 2523 as a whole cell biocatalyst for production of cyclodextrin glucanotransferase in an airlift reactor with a net draft tube. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2018.1488247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Sanjari
- Chemical Engineering Department, Food Engineering and Biotechnology Group, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Hanieh Mohammad Gholizadeh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Food Engineering and Biotechnology Group, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Vahabzadeh
- Chemical Engineering Department, Food Engineering and Biotechnology Group, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
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32
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Uncoupling Fermentative Synthesis of Molecular Hydrogen from Biomass Formation in Thermotoga maritima. Appl Environ Microbiol 2018; 84:AEM.00998-18. [PMID: 29959252 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00998-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
When carbohydrates are fermented by the hyperthermophilic anaerobe Thermotoga maritima, molecular hydrogen (H2) is formed in strict proportion to substrate availability. Excretion of the organic acids acetate and lactate provide an additional sink for removal of excess reductant. However, mechanisms controlling energy management of these metabolic pathways are largely unexplored. To investigate this topic, transient gene inactivation was used to block lactate production as a strategy to produce spontaneous mutant cell lines that overproduced H2 through mutation of unpredicted genetic targets. Single-crossover homologous chromosomal recombination was used to disrupt lactate dehydrogenase (encoded by ldh) with a truncated ldh fused to a kanamycin resistance cassette expressed from a native P groESL promoter. Passage of the unstable recombinant resulted in loss of the genetic marker and recovery of evolved cell lines, including strain Tma200. Relative to the wild type, and considering the mass balance of fermentation substrate and products, Tma200 grew more slowly, produced H2 at levels above the physiologic limit, and simultaneously consumed less maltose while oxidizing it more efficiently. Whole-genome resequencing indicated that the ABC maltose transporter subunit, encoded by malK3, had undergone repeated mutation, and high-temperature anaerobic [14C]maltose transport assays demonstrated that the rate of maltose transport was reduced. Transfer of the malK3 mutation into a clean genetic background also conferred increased H2 production, confirming that the mutant allele was sufficient for increased H2 synthesis. These data indicate that a reduced rate of maltose uptake was accompanied by an increase in H2 production, changing fermentation efficiency and shifting energy management.IMPORTANCE Biorenewable energy sources are of growing interest to mitigate climate change, but like other commodities with nominal value, require innovation to maximize yields. Energetic considerations constrain production of many biofuels, such as molecular hydrogen (H2) because of the competing needs for cell mass synthesis and metabolite formation. Here we describe cell lines of the extremophile Thermotoga maritima that exceed the physiologic limits for H2 formation arising from genetic changes in fermentative metabolism. These cell lines were produced using a novel method called transient gene inactivation combined with adaptive laboratory evolution. Genome resequencing revealed unexpected changes in a maltose transport protein. Reduced rates of sugar uptake were accompanied by lower rates of growth and enhanced productivity of H2.
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33
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López de Lerma N, Peinado RA, Puig-Pujol A, Mauricio JC, Moreno J, García-Martínez T. Influence of two yeast strains in free, bioimmobilized or immobilized with alginate forms on the aromatic profile of long aged sparkling wines. Food Chem 2018; 250:22-29. [PMID: 29412914 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.01.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 12/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Production of sparkling wines involve a second alcoholic fermentation and contact with yeast less over an extended period of time, which influences the aroma composition and sensory quality of the resulting wines. Sparkling wines obtained with two yeast strains inoculated as free cells, immobilized in alginate bed and bioimmobilized as biocapsules, were aged during 32 months. Among the volatile compounds, high Odor Activity Values were obtained with isoamyl acetate, ethyl propanoate, ethyl butanoate, ethyl 3-methylbutanoate, ethyl hexanoate, ethyl octanoate, hexanol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol, decanal, octanoic acid, decanoic acid and TDN. Taken together these contribute more than 70% of the overall aromatic series value. Although some results rely more on the yeast strain than the inoculation format, specific aroma compounds were associated with the immobilization format, allowing the classification of sparkling wines by PCA. As a result the aroma quality of sparkling wines could be improved using immobilized yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves López de Lerma
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, University of Córdoba, Building Marie Curie, 3rd Floor, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Rafael A Peinado
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, University of Córdoba, Building Marie Curie, 3rd Floor, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - Anna Puig-Pujol
- Department of Enological Research, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology-Catalan Institute of Vine and Wine (IRTA-INCAVI), Plaça Àgora 2, 08720 Vilafranca del Penedès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan C Mauricio
- Microbiology Department, University of Córdoba, Building Severo Ochoa, Ground Floor, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Juan Moreno
- Agricultural Chemistry Department, University of Córdoba, Building Marie Curie, 3rd Floor, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Teresa García-Martínez
- Microbiology Department, University of Córdoba, Building Severo Ochoa, Ground Floor, Campus de Rabanales, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
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34
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Immobilization in polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel enhances yeast storage stability and reusability of recombinant laccase-producing S. cerevisiae. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 40:405-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2485-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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35
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Dong TT, Gong JS, Gu BC, Zhang Q, Li H, Lu ZM, Lu ML, Shi JS, Xu ZH. Significantly enhanced substrate tolerance of Pseudomonas putida nitrilase via atmospheric and room temperature plasma and cell immobilization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 244:1104-1110. [PMID: 28873512 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Revised: 08/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The objective of the study was to enhance the substrate tolerance of Pseudomonas putida nitrilase via atmospheric and room temperature plasma (ARTP) and cell immobilization. The mutant library was constructed by ARTP and rapidly screened by an OPA-TCA microscale reaction. A mutant strain of mut-D3 was obtained and its optimum substrate concentration was improved to 150mM from 100mM. It could accumulate 189g/L nicotinic acid (NA) from 3-cyanopyridine (3-CP), which was increased by 42% compared with that of wild type (WT). Additionally, composite immobilization of mut-D3 was performed and SA-PVA immobilized cells could catalyze 250mM 3-CP each batch with finally accumulating 346g/L NA, while free cells accumulated 175g/L NA. These results indicated that the free or immobilized catalysts of mut-D3 could serve as a good choice for NA production. This is the first report on mutation breeding of nitrilase-producing microorganisms by ARTP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Ting Dong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Gong
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Bing-Chen Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Heng Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhen-Ming Lu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Mao-Lin Lu
- Jiangsu Institute of Microbiology, Wuxi 214063, PR China
| | - Jin-Song Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zheng-Hong Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory for Cereal Fermentation Technology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
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36
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An improved ionic gelation method to encapsulate Lactobacillus spp. bacteria: Protection, survival and stability study. Food Hydrocoll 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2017.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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37
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Abd El-Salam AE, Abd-El-Haleem D, Youssef AS, Zaki S, Abu-Elreesh G, El-Assar SA. Isolation, characterization, optimization, immobilization and batch fermentation of bioflocculant produced by Bacillus aryabhattai strain PSK1. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2017; 15:335-344. [PMID: 30647672 PMCID: PMC6296622 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Among others, isolate PSK1 was selected and identified by 16 S rDNA sequencing as Bacillus aryabhattai. Growth optimization of PSK1 and physicochemical parameters affected bioflocculant production was carried out by Plackett-Burman design and resulted in increasing in the activity by 4.5%. Bioflocculant production by entrapped and adsorbed immobilized microbial cells was performed using different techniques and revealed enhancement in the activity in particular with pumice adsorption. HPLC analysis of sugars and amino acids composition, FTIR and the effect of different factors on the purified PSK1 biopolymer such as presence of cations, thermal stability, pH range and clay concentration was carried out. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of free, immobilized cells, PSK1 bioflocculant and formed flocs were performed. The results revealed that bioflocculant PSK1 is mainly glycoprotein consists of glucose and rhamnose with a large number of amino acids in which arginine and phenylalanine were the major. SEM analysis demonstrated that PSK1 have a clear crystalline rod shaped structure. FTIR spectrum reported the presence of hydroxyl and amino groups which are preferred in flocculation process. PSK1 was soluble in water and insoluble in all other tested organic solvents, while it was thermally stable from 40 to 80 °C. Among examined cations, CaCl2 was the best coagulant. The maximum flocculation activity of the PSK1 recorded at 50 °C (92.8%), pH 2.0 (94.56%) with clay concentration range 5-9 g/l. To obtain a large amount of PSK1 bioflocculant with high flocculating activity, batch fermentation was employed. The results recorded ∼6 g/l yield after 24 h of fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayat E. Abd El-Salam
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Desouky Abd-El-Haleem
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
- Corresponding author.
| | - Amany S. Youssef
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sahar Zaki
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Gadallah Abu-Elreesh
- Environmental Biotechnology Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, 21934 Burgelarab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Samy A. El-Assar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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38
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Ge X, Yang L, Xu J. Cell Immobilization: Fundamentals, Technologies, and Applications. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/9783527807833.ch7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xumeng Ge
- Arkansas State University; Arkansas Biosciences Institute; 504 University Loop Jonesboro AR 72401 USA
- Ohio State University, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering; 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster OH 77691 USA
| | - Liangcheng Yang
- Ohio State University, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; Department of Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering; 1680 Madison Avenue Wooster OH 77691 USA
| | - Jianfeng Xu
- Arkansas State University; Arkansas Biosciences Institute; 504 University Loop Jonesboro AR 72401 USA
- Arkansas State University; College of Agriculture and Technology; 422 University Loop Jonesboro AR 72401 USA
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39
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Zaushitsyna O, Dishisha T, Hatti-Kaul R, Mattiasson B. Crosslinked, cryostructured Lactobacillus reuteri monoliths for production of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, 3-hydroxypropionic acid and 1,3-propanediol from glycerol. J Biotechnol 2016; 241:22-32. [PMID: 27829124 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2016] [Revised: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Crosslinked, cryostructured monoliths prepared from Lactobacillus reuteri cells were evaluated as potential immobilized whole-cell biocatalyst for conversion of glycerol, to potentially important chemicals for the biobased industry, i.e. 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde (3HPA), 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3HP) and 1,3-propanediol (1,3PDO). Glutaraldehyde, oxidized dextran and activated polyethyleneimine/modified polyvinyl alcohol (PEI/PVA) were evaluated as crosslinkers; the latter gave highly stable preparations with maintained viability and biocatalytic activity. Scanning electron microscopy of the PEI/PVA monoliths showed high density of crosslinked cells with wide channels allowing liquid flow through. Flux analysis of the propanediol-utilization pathway, incorporating glycerol/diol dehydratase, propionaldehyde dehydrogenase, 1,3PDO oxidoreductase, phosphotransacylase, and propionate kinase, for conversion of glycerol to the three chemicals showed that the maximum specific reaction rates were -562.6, 281.4, 62.4 and 50.5mg/gCDWh for glycerol consumption, and 3HPA (extracellular), 3HP and 1,3PDO production, respectively. Under optimal conditions using monolith operated as continuous plug flow reactor, 19.7g/L 3HPA was produced as complex with carbohydrazide at a rate of 9.1g/Lh and a yield of 77mol%. Using fed-batch operation, 1,3PDO and 3HP were co-produced in equimolar amounts with a yield of 91mol%. The monoliths embedded in plastic carriers showed high mechanical stability under different modes in a miniaturized plug flow reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Zaushitsyna
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tarek Dishisha
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, 62511 Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rajni Hatti-Kaul
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
| | - Bo Mattiasson
- Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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40
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Hallé C, Huck PM, Peldszus S. Emerging Contaminant Removal by Biofiltration: Temperature, Concentration, and EBCT Impacts. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.5942/jawwa.2015.107.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Hallé
- Department of Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering; Norwegian University of Science and Technology; Trondheim Norway
| | - Peter M. Huck
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of Waterloo; Ont. Canada
| | - Sigrid Peldszus
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; University of Waterloo; Ont. Canada
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Effective Immobilization of Agrobacterium sp. IFO 13140 Cells in Loofa Sponge for Curdlan Biosynthesis. Molecules 2015; 20:7957-73. [PMID: 25946555 PMCID: PMC6272340 DOI: 10.3390/molecules20057957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Curdlan production by Agrobacterium sp. IFO13140 immobilized on loofa sponge, alginate and loofa sponge with alginate was investigated. There was no statistically-significant difference in curdlan production when the microorganism was immobilized in different matrices. The loofa sponge was chosen because of its practical application and economy and because it provides a high stability through its continued use. The best conditions for immobilization on loofa sponge were 50 mg of cell, 200 rpm and 72 h of incubation, which provided a curdlan production 1.50-times higher than that obtained by free cells. The higher volumetric productivity was achieved by immobilized cells (0.09 g/L/h) at 150 rpm. The operating stability was evaluated, and until the fourth cycle, immobilized cells retained 87.40% of the production of the first cycle. The immobilized cells remained active after 300 days of storage at 4 °C. The results of this study demonstrate success in immobilizing cells for curdlan biosynthesis, making the process potentially suitable for industrial scale-up. Additional studies may show a possible contribution to the reduction of operating costs.
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Praveen T, Rajendran L. Theoretical analysis through mathematical modeling of two-phase flow transport in an immobilized-cell photobioreactor. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pérez-Bibbins B, Torrado-Agrasar A, Salgado JM, Mussatto SI, Domínguez JM. Xylitol production in immobilized cultures: a recent review. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2015; 36:691-704. [DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2015.1004660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Belinda Pérez-Bibbins
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain,
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain,
| | - Ana Torrado-Agrasar
- Bromatology Group, Faculty of Sciences, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain, and
| | - José Manuel Salgado
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain,
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain,
| | - Solange I. Mussatto
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - José Manuel Domínguez
- Faculty of Sciences, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), Ourense, Spain,
- Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain,
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Brink HG, Nicol W. The influence of shear on the metabolite yield of Lactobacillus rhamnosus biofilms. N Biotechnol 2014; 31:460-7. [PMID: 24994037 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbt.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2014] [Revised: 05/25/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A tubular recycle bioreactor was employed to ensure homogeneous shear conditions on the biofilm surface. Superficial liquid velocities of 0.19 ms(-1), 0.37 ms(-1), 0.55 ms(-1) and 3.65 ms(-1) were used. The highest velocity resulted in negligible cell attachment (chemostat) while the ratio of attached-to-total cell mass escalated as the superficial velocity decreased. The lactic acid yield on glucose increased from 0.75 g g(-1) to 0.90 g g(-1) with declining shear while the corresponding acetoin yield on glucose decreased from 0.074 g g(-1) to 0.017 g g(-1). Redox analysis of the catabolites revealed a net consumption of NADH in the anabolism, while the extent of NADH consumption decreased when shear was reduced. This was attributed to the formation of more extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) at low shear conditions. A simplified metabolic flux model was used to estimate the EPS content of the biomass as a function of the shear velocity. Rate data supported the notion of increased EPS at lower shear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Gideon Brink
- University of Pretoria, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa
| | - Willie Nicol
- University of Pretoria, Department of Chemical Engineering, Lynnwood Road, Hatfield, Pretoria 0002, South Africa.
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Bidarra SJ, Barrias CC, Granja PL. Injectable alginate hydrogels for cell delivery in tissue engineering. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1646-62. [PMID: 24334143 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 11/28/2013] [Accepted: 12/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogels are extremely versatile and adaptable biomaterials, with great potential for use in biomedical applications. Their extracellular matrix-like features have been key factors for their choice as vehicles for cell delivery strategies aimed at tissue regeneration. A variety of strategies to decorate them with biofunctional moieties and to modulate their biophysical properties have been developed recently, which further allow their tailoring to the desired application. Additionally, their potential use as injectable materials offers several advantages over preformed scaffold-based approaches, namely: easy incorporation of therapeutic agents, such as cells, under mild conditions; minimally invasive local delivery; and high contourability, which is essential for filling in irregular defects. Alginate hydrogels have already been explored as cell delivery systems to enhance regeneration in different tissues and organs. Here, the in vitro and in vivo potential of injectable alginate hydrogels to deliver cells in a targeted fashion is reviewed. In each example, the selected crosslinking approach, the cell type, the target tissue and the main findings of the study are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvia J Bidarra
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Cristina C Barrias
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Pedro L Granja
- INEB - Instituto de Engenharia Biomédica, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, 823, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal; FEUP - Faculdade de Engenharia da Universidade do Porto, Departamento de Engenharia Metalúrgica e de Materiais, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ICBAS - Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.
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Xu L, Tschirner U. Immobilized anaerobic fermentation for bio-fuel production by Clostridium co-culture. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 37:1551-9. [PMID: 24488259 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1127-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/09/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Clostridium thermocellum/Clostridium thermolacticum co-culture fermentation has been shown to be a promising way of producing ethanol from several carbohydrates. In this research, immobilization techniques using sodium alginate and alkali pretreatment were successfully applied on this co-culture to improve the bio-ethanol fermentation performance during consolidated bio-processing (CBP). The ethanol yield obtained increased by over 60 % (as a percentage of the theoretical maximum) as compared to free cell fermentation. For cellobiose under optimized conditions, the ethanol yields were approaching about 85 % of the theoretical efficiency. To examine the feasibility of this immobilization co-culture on lignocellulosic biomass conversion, untreated and pretreated aspen biomasses were also used for fermentation experiments. The immobilized co-culture shows clear benefits in bio-ethanol production in the CBP process using pretreated aspen. With a 3-h, 9 % NaOH pretreatment, the aspen powder fermentation yields approached 78 % of the maximum theoretical efficiency, which is almost twice the yield of the untreated aspen fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Biosystems and Bioproducts Engineering, University of Minnesota, Saint Paul, MN, 55108, USA,
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Designing of an intensification process for biosynthesis and recovery of menaquinone-7. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 172:1347-57. [PMID: 24173914 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0602-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
A nutritional food rich in menaquinone-7 has a potential in preventing osteoporosis and cardiovascular diseases. The static fermentation of Bacillus subtilis natto is widely regarded as an optimum process for menaquinone-7 production. The major issues for the bulk production of menaquinone-7 are the low fermentation yield, biofilm formation and the use of organic solvents for the vitamin extraction. In this study, we demonstrate that the dynamic fermentation involving high stirring and aeration rates enhances the yield of fermentation process significantly compared to static system. The menaquinone-7 concentration of 226 mg/L was produced at 1,000 rpm, 5 vvm, 40 °C after 5 days of fermentation. This concentration is 70-fold higher than commercially available food products such as natto. Additionally, it was found that more than 80% of menaquinone-7 was recovered in situ in the vegetable oil that was gradually added to the system as an anti-foaming agent. The intensification process developed in this study has a capacity to produce an oil rich in menaquinone-7 in one step and eliminate the use of organic solvents for recovery of this compound. This oil can, therefore, be used for the preparation of broad range of supplementary and dietary food products rich in menaquinone-7 to reduce the risk of osteoporotic fractures and cardiovascular diseases.
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48
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Paulová L, Patáková P, Brányik T. Advanced Fermentation Processes. CONTEMPORARY FOOD ENGINEERING 2013. [DOI: 10.1201/b15426-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
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49
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Gawkowski D, Chikindas M. Non-dairy probiotic beverages: the next step into human health. Benef Microbes 2013; 4:127-42. [DOI: 10.3920/bm2012.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Probiotics are live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit to the host. The two main genera of microorganisms indicated as sources of probiotic bacteria are Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Historically used to produce fermented dairy products, certain strains of both genera are increasingly utilised to formulate other functional foods. As the consumers’ understanding of the role of probiotics in health grows, so does the popularity of food containing them. The result of this phenomenon is an increase in the number of probiotic foods available for public consumption, including a rapidly-emerging variety of probiotic-containing non-dairy beverages, which provide a convenient way to improve and maintain health. However, the composition of non-dairy probiotic beverages can pose specific challenges to the survival of the health conferring microorganisms. To overcome these challenges, strain selection and protection techniques play an integral part in formulating a stable product. This review discusses non-dairy probiotic beverages, characteristics of an optimal beverage, and commonly used probiotic strains, including spore-forming bacteria. It also examines the most recent developments in probiotic encapsulation technology with focus on nano-fibre formation as a means of protecting viable cells. Utilising bacteria's natural armour or creating barrier mechanisms via encapsulation technology will fuel development of stable non-dairy probiotic beverages.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. Gawkowski
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - M.L. Chikindas
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Department of Food Science, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, 65 Dudley Road, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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