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Xue B, Wilhelm MJ, Han J, Dai HL. Control of Chemical Reactions through Coherent Excitation of Eigenlevels: A Demonstration via Vibronic Coupling in SO 2. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:9065-9070. [PMID: 34613728 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c05778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Through coherent excitation of a pair of vibronically coupled eigenlevels, an oscillation of 130 kcal/mol in energy excitation between electronic and vibrational motions (on a time scale of 10-8 s) is created for the triatomic molecule, sulfur dioxide (SO2). The reactivity of the molecule can be influenced depending upon whether the molecule is vibrationally or electronically excited with this substantial amount of energy. The effect of excitation on reactivity is demonstrated through SO2 photodissociation as a function of time following coherent excitation, monitored by multiphoton ionization of the SO product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael J Wilhelm
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 North 13th St., Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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Tscherbul TV, Brumer P. Partial secular Bloch-Redfield master equation for incoherent excitation of multilevel quantum systems. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:104107. [PMID: 25770526 DOI: 10.1063/1.4908130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an efficient theoretical method for calculating the time evolution of the density matrix of a multilevel quantum system weakly interacting with incoherent light. The method combines the Bloch-Redfield theory with a partial secular approximation for one-photon coherences, resulting in a master equation that explicitly exposes the reliance on transition rates and the angles between transition dipole moments in the energy basis. The partial secular Bloch-Redfield master equation allows an unambiguous distinction between the regimes of quantum coherent vs. incoherent energy transfer under incoherent light illumination. The fully incoherent regime is characterized by orthogonal transition dipole moments in the energy basis, leading to a dynamical evolution governed by a coherence-free Pauli-type master equation. The coherent regime requires non-orthogonal transition dipole moments in the energy basis and leads to the generation of noise-induced quantum coherences and population-to-coherence couplings. As a first application, we consider the dynamics of excited state coherences arising under incoherent light excitation from a single ground state and observe population-to-coherence transfer and the formation of non-equilibrium quasisteady states in the regime of small excited state splitting. Analytical expressions derived earlier for the V-type system [T. V. Tscherbul and P. Brumer, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 113601 (2014)] are found to provide a nearly quantitative description of multilevel excited-state populations and coherences in both the small- and large-molecule limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur V Tscherbul
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Paul Brumer
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Tscherbul TV, Brumer P. Long-lived quasistationary coherences in a V-type system driven by incoherent light. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2014; 113:113601. [PMID: 25259976 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.113601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study of noise-induced quantum coherences in a model three-level V-type system interacting with incoherent radiation, an important prototype for a wide range of physical systems ranging from trapped ions to biomolecules and quantum dots. By solving the quantum optical equations of motion, we obtain analytic expressions for the noise-induced coherences and show that they exhibit an oscillating behavior in the limit of large excited level spacing Δ (Δ/γ≫1, where γ is the radiative decay width). Most remarkably, we find that in the opposite limit of small level spacing Δ/γ≪1, appropriate for large molecules, (a) the coherences can survive for an extremely long time τ=(2/γ)(Δ/γ)^{-2} before eventually decaying to zero, and (b) coherences at short times can be substantial. We further show that the long-lived coherences can survive environmental relaxation and decoherence, suggesting implications to the design of quantum heat engines and to incoherent light excitation of biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timur V Tscherbul
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Paul Brumer
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, and Center for Quantum Information and Quantum Control, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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Zhang M, Ma JQ, Han J, Dai HL. Collision Relaxation of Highly Vibrationally Excited SO2by CO in A Supersonic Beam. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200600003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Excitation of Biomolecules by Coherent vs. Incoherent Light: Model Rhodopsin Photoisomerization. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proche.2011.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Biswal HS, Kumar SVK, Wategaonkar SJ. Lifetime measurements of SO2 below the Clement’s A-band. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:204312. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2929829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Zhang M, Dai HL. Quantum State-Resolved Collision Relaxation of Highly Vibrationally Excited SO2. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9632-9. [PMID: 17824678 DOI: 10.1021/jp075142v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Collision depopulation cross sections of 13 single, highly vibrationally excited levels with 45,000 cm(-1) energy in the electronic ground state of SO(2) in collision with CO in a supersonic jet have been measured. The measurements for these single highly excited quantum states are conducted through pressure dependence of the decay of the fluorescence quantum beat resulted from their coupling with the rovibronic levels in the optically allowed transitions to the (140), (210), and (132) C(1)B(2) levels. The relaxation cross sections of these highly excited states, each with well-defined energy and symmetry, range from 27 to 187 A(2) with an average of 71 A(2). This average cross section is much larger than the hard sphere cross section of 48 A(2). The relaxation cross section is also found to be larger for the quantum states with a larger matrix element in coupling with the "bright" electronically excited level. Both observations suggest a substantial contribution from long range interactions in collision relaxation of highly excited molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
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Zhang M, Han J, Liu P, Muller D, Dai HL. Collision Induced Dephasing in Fluorescence Quantum Beat of SO2(C̃B2). J Phys Chem A 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp030957z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Don Muller
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
| | - Hai-Lung Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323
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Xue B, Han J, Dai HL. Collision relaxation cross section of highly vibrationally excited molecules. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2000; 84:2606-2609. [PMID: 11017280 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.2606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Through quantum-beat spectroscopy collision relaxation of a high vibrational level of SO2 at 44 877.52 cm(-1) is characterized. This is a first measurement of collision relaxation for a single, highly excited vibrational level. The deduced relaxation cross section of this excited level by Ar is 216 A(2), 5 times the area of the hard sphere, and by an ambient temperature SO2 molecule is 969 A(2), almost 20 times the hard sphere. These cross sections indicate that relaxation collisions of highly vibrationally excited molecules have effective distances much longer than van der Waals radii and involve mechanisms qualitatively different from lower excitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA
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Baker J, Bramble SK, Hamilton PA. Hyperfine and Zeeman quantum beats in the B 2Π1/2 state of NO. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.468525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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