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Bogomolov AS, Goldort VG, Kochubei SA, Baklanov AV. Photodissociation of van der Waals complexes of iodine X-I 2 (X = I 2, C 2H 4) via charge-transfer state: A velocity map imaging investigation. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:234304. [PMID: 29272931 DOI: 10.1063/1.5001104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The photodissociation of van der Waals complexes of iodine X-I2 (X = I2, C2H4) excited via Charge-Transfer (CT) band has been studied with the velocity map imaging technique. Photodissociation of both complexes gives rise to translationally "hot" molecular iodine I2 via channels differing by kinetic energy and angular distribution of the recoil directions. These measured characteristics together with the analysis of the model potential energy surface for these complexes allow us to infer the back-electron-transfer (BET) in the CT state to be a source of observed photodissociation channels and to make conclusions on the location of conical intersections where the BET process takes place. The BET process is concluded to provide an I2 molecule in the electronic ground state with moderate vibrational excitation as well as X molecule in the electronic excited state. In the case of X = I2, the BET process converts anion I2- of the CT state into the neutral I2 in the repulsive excited electronic state which then dissociates promptly giving rise to a pair of I atoms in the fine states 2P1/2. In the case of C2H4-I2, the C2H4 molecules appear in the triplet T1 electronic state. Conical intersection for corresponding BET process becomes energetically accessible after partial twisting of C2H4+ frame in the excited CT state of complex. The C2H4(T)-I2 complex gives rise to triplet ethylene as well as singlet ethylene via the T-S conversion.
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2
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Kalume A, George L, Powell AD, Dawes R, Reid SA. Photoinduced electron transfer in donor-acceptor complexes of ethylene with molecular and atomic iodine. J Phys Chem A 2014; 118:6838-45. [PMID: 25075444 DOI: 10.1021/jp412212h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Building upon our recent studies of radical addition pathways following excitation of the I2 chromophore in the donor-acceptor complex of ethylene and I2 (C2H4···I2), in this article, we extend our studies to examine photoinduced electron transfer. Thus, irradiation into the intense charge-transfer band of the complex (λmax = 247 nm) gave rise to a band at 366 nm that is assigned to the bridged ethylene-I radical complex on the basis of our prior work. The formation of the radical complex is explained by a mechanism that involves rapid back electron transfer leading to I-I bond fission. Excitation into the charge-transfer band of the radical complex led to regeneration of the parent complex and the formation of the final photoproduct, anti- and gauche-1,2-diiodoethane, which confirms that the reaction proceeds ultimately by a radical addition mechanism. This finding is contrasted with our previous study of the C2H4···Br2 complex, where CT excitation led to only one product, anti-1,2-dibromoethane, a result explained by a single electron-transfer mechanism proceeding via a bridged bromonium ion intermediate. For the I2 complex, the breakup of the photolytically generated I2(-•) anion radical is apparently sufficiently slow to render it uncompetitive with back electron transfer. Finally, we report a detailed computational examination of the parent and radical complexes of both bromine and iodine, using high-level single- and multireference methods, which provide insight into the different behaviors of the charge-transfer states of the two radicals and the role of spin-orbit coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aimable Kalume
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University , Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
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3
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Gelin MF, Kosov DS. Manifestation of nonequilibrium initial conditions in molecular rotation: The generalized J-diffusion model. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:144511. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2779037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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4
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Gelin MF, Kosov DS. Angular momentum dependent friction slows down rotational relaxation under nonequilibrium conditions. J Chem Phys 2007; 125:224502. [PMID: 17176144 DOI: 10.1063/1.2401609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
It has recently been shown that relaxation of the rotational energy of hot nonequilibrium photofragments (i) slows down significantly with the increase of their initial rotational temperature and (ii) differs dramatically from the relaxation of the equilibrium rotational energy correlation function, manifesting thereby the breakdown of the linear response description [A. C. Moskun et al., Science 311, 1907 (2006)]. We demonstrate that this phenomenon may be caused by the angular momentum dependence of rotational friction. We have developed the generalized Fokker-Planck equation whose rotational friction depends upon angular momentum algebraically. The calculated rotational correlation functions correspond well to their counterparts obtained via molecular dynamics simulations in a broad range of initial nonequilibrium conditions. It is suggested that the angular momentum dependence of friction should be taken into account while describing rotational relaxation far from equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- M F Gelin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
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5
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Cheng PY, Baskin JS, Zewail AH. Dynamics of clusters: from elementary to biological structures. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006; 103:10570-6. [PMID: 16740669 PMCID: PMC1502273 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0507114103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Between isolated atoms or molecules and bulk materials there lies a class of unique structures, known as clusters, that consist of a few to hundreds of atoms or molecules. Within this range of "nanophase," many physical and chemical properties of the materials evolve as a function of cluster size, and materials may exhibit novel properties due to quantum confinement effects. Understanding these phenomena is in its own rights fundamental, but clusters have the additional advantage of being controllable model systems for unraveling the complexity of condensed-phase and biological structures, not to mention their vanguard role in defining nanoscience and nanotechnology. Over the last two decades, much progress has been made, and this short overview highlights our own involvement in developing cluster dynamics, from the first experiments on elementary systems to model systems in the condensed phase, and on to biological structures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - J. Spencer Baskin
- Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125
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6
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Weng KF, Shi Y, Zheng X, Phillips DL. Resonance Raman Investigation of the Short-Time Photodissociation Dynamics of the Charge-Transfer Absorption of the I2−Benzene Complex in Benzene Solution. J Phys Chem A 2005; 110:851-60. [PMID: 16419981 DOI: 10.1021/jp055069d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Resonance Raman spectra were obtained for the I2-benzene complex in benzene solvent with excitation wavelengths in resonance with the CT-band absorption. These spectra indicate that the Franck-Condon region photodissociation dynamics have multidimensional character with motion mainly along the nominal I-I stretch mode nu(18), the nominal symmetric benzene ring stretch mode nu5, and the nominal symmetric CCH bending nu7. There is also a small contribution from the nominal out-of-plane CH oop wag nu15. A preliminary resonance Raman intensity analysis was done, and the results for the I2-benzene complex were compared to results previously reported for the 1-hexene-I2 complex. We briefly discuss the differences and similarities in the CT-band absorption excitation of an I2-benzene complex relative to those of an I2-alkene complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Feng Weng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Second Road, Xia Sha Gao Jiao Yuan Qu Hangzhou 310033, P. R. China
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7
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Fedunov RG, Feskov SV, Ivanov AI, Nicolet O, Pagès S, Vauthey E. Effect of the excitation pulse carrier frequency on the ultrafast charge recombination dynamics of donor-acceptor complexes: Stochastic simulations and experiments. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:3643-56. [PMID: 15303931 DOI: 10.1063/1.1772362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of the excitation pulse carrier frequency on the ultrafast charge recombination dynamics of excited donor-acceptor complexes has been explored both theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical description involves the explicit treatment of both the optical formation of the nuclear wave packet on the excited free energy surface and its ensuing dynamics. The wave packet motion and the electronic transition are described within the framework of the stochastic point-transition approach. It is shown that the variation of the pulse carrier frequency within the absorption band can significantly change the effective charge recombination dynamics. The mechanism of this phenomenon is analyzed and a semiquantitative interpretation is suggested. The role of the vibrational coherence in the recombination dynamics is discussed. An experimental investigation of the ultrafast charge recombination dynamics of two donor-acceptor complexes in valeronitrile also is presented. The decays of the excited state population were found to be highly nonexponential, the degree of non-exponentiality depending on the excitation frequency. For one complex, the charge recombination dynamics was found to slow down upon increasing the excitation frequency, while the opposite behavior was observed with the other complex. These experimental observations follow qualitatively the predictions of the simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman G Fedunov
- Department of Physics, Volgograd State University, 2-nd Prodolnaya Str., 30, Volgograd, 400062, Russia
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8
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DeBoer G, Preszler Prince A, Young MA. Charge-transfer mediated photochemistry in alkene–O2 complexes. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1386784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
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Rasmusson M, Åkesson E, Eberson L, Sundström V. Ultrafast Formation of Trinitromethanide (C(NO2)3-) by Photoinduced Dissociative Electron Transfer and Subsequent Ion Pair Coupling Reaction in Acetonitrile and Dichloromethane. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp002544t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Rasmusson
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lunds Universitet, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Eva Åkesson
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lunds Universitet, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lennart Eberson
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lunds Universitet, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Villy Sundström
- Department of Chemical Physics, Lunds Universitet, Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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Zhong Q, Castleman AW. An ultrafast glimpse of cluster solvation effects on reaction dynamics. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4039-58. [PMID: 11749339 DOI: 10.1021/cr990056f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhong
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Zhong D, Bernhardt TM, Zewail AH. Femtosecond Real-Time Probing of Reactions. 24. Time, Velocity, and Orientation Mapping of the Dynamics of Dative Bonding in Bimolecular Electron Transfer Reactions. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9919359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Zhong
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Thorsten M. Bernhardt
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Ahmed H. Zewail
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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13
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Casero JJ, Joens JA. Thermochemistry of Gas-Phase Molecular Complexes of Fluorobenzene and Toluene with Oxygen. J Phys Chem A 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9908348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan J. Casero
- Department Of Chemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199
| | - Jeffrey A. Joens
- Department Of Chemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199
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Zhong D, Zewail AH. Femtosecond dynamics of dative bonding: concepts of reversible and dissociative electron transfer reactions. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1999; 96:2602-7. [PMID: 10077556 PMCID: PMC15814 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.96.6.2602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
With fs time, speed, and angular resolution of the elementary steps in electron transfer reactions, we report direct observation of reversible and dissociative processes for dative bonding involving covalent and ionic characters. For bimolecular reactions of various donors and acceptors we find strong correlation between the structure and the dynamics. The dynamics from the transition state to final products involve two elementary processes, with different reaction times, speed, and angular distributions. For example, for the R2S.I2 (R = C2H5) system, it is shown that after charge separation, the reversible electron transfer occurs in less than 150 fs (fastest trajectory) and is followed by the rupture of the I-I bond with the release of the first I-atom in 510 fs. However, the second process of the remaining and trapped I-atom takes 1.15 ps with its speed (500 m/s) being much smaller than the first one (1,030 m/s). The S-I-I average angle is 130 degrees. These findings, on this and the other systems reported here, elucidate the mechanism and address some concepts of nonconcertedness, caging, and restricted energy redistribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Zhong
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA
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15
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Shiang JJ, Liu H, Sension RJ. Vibrational relaxation of I2 in complexing solvents: The role of solvent–solute attractive forces. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.477611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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16
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Liu HJ, Pullen SH, Walker LA, Sension RJ. The vibrational relaxation of I2 (X 1Σg+) in mesitylene. J Chem Phys 1998. [DOI: 10.1063/1.476309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Molecular clusters. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1063-5467(98)80003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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18
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Bockman TM, Hubig SM, Kochi JK. Direct Observation of Ultrafast Decarboxylation of Acyloxy Radicals via Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Carboxylate Ion Pairs. J Org Chem 1997; 62:2210-2221. [PMID: 11671531 DOI: 10.1021/jo9617833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Charge-transfer (CT) photoactivation of the electron donor-acceptor salts of methylviologen (MV(2+)) with carboxylate donors (RCO(2)(-)) including benzilates [Ar(2)C(OH)CO(2)(-)] and arylacetates (ArCH(2)CO(2)(-)) leads to transient [MV(*)(+), RCO(2)(*)] radical pairs. Femtosecond time-resolved spectroscopy reveals that the photogenerated acyloxy radicals (RCO(2)(*)) rapidly lose carbon dioxide by C-CO(2) bond cleavage, in competition with back-electron transfer to restore the original ion pair, [MV(2+), RCO(2)(-)]. The decarboxylation rate constants for ArCH(2)CO(2)(*) lie in the range (1-2) x 10(9) s(-)(1), in agreement with previous reports. In striking contrast, the C-CO(2) bond scission in Ar(2)C(OH)CO(2)(*) occurs within a few picoseconds (k(CC) = (2-8) x 10(11) s(-)(1)). The rate constants for decarboxylation of these donors approach those of barrier-free unimolecular reactions. Thus, real-time monitoring of the decarboxylation of benziloxy radicals represents the means for the direct observation of the transition state for C-C bond scission.
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Affiliation(s)
- T. Michael Bockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5641
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19
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Lienau C, Zewail AH. Solvation Ultrafast Dynamics of Reactions. 11. Dissociation and Caging Dynamics in the Gas-to-Liquid Transition Region. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962430a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Lienau
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
| | - Ahmed H. Zewail
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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20
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Cheng PY, Zhong D, Zewail AH. Femtosecond real‐time probing of reactions. XXI. Direct observation of transition‐state dynamics and structure in charge‐transfer reactions. J Chem Phys 1996. [DOI: 10.1063/1.472478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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21
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DeBoer G, Burnett JW, Fujimoto A, Young MA. Photodissociation Dynamics of the Charge-Transfer State of the C6H6−I2 Complex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9614308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gary DeBoer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | | | - Akira Fujimoto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
| | - Mark A. Young
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242
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22
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DeBoer G, Burnett JW, Young MA. Molecular product formation from the charge-transfer state of C6H6I2. Chem Phys Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00808-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Zewail AH. Femtochemistry: Recent Progress in Studies of Dynamics and Control of Reactions and Their Transition States. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp960658s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 244] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed H. Zewail
- Arthur Amos Noyes Laboratory of Chemical Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125
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24
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Wan C, Gupta M, Zewail AH. Femtochemistry of ICN in liquids: dynamics of dissociation, recombination and abstraction. Chem Phys Lett 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(96)00443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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25
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Lenderink E, Duppen K, Everdij FPX, Mavri J, Torre R, Wiersma DA. Photodissociation Dynamics of the Iodine−Arene Charge-Transfer Complex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp953325o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Egbert Lenderink
- Ultrafast Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, BIOSON Research Institute, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Largo E. Fermi 2, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Koos Duppen
- Ultrafast Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, BIOSON Research Institute, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Largo E. Fermi 2, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Frank P. X. Everdij
- Ultrafast Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, BIOSON Research Institute, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Largo E. Fermi 2, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Janez Mavri
- Ultrafast Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, BIOSON Research Institute, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Largo E. Fermi 2, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Renato Torre
- Ultrafast Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, BIOSON Research Institute, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Largo E. Fermi 2, 50125 Florence, Italy
| | - Douwe A. Wiersma
- Ultrafast Laser and Spectroscopy Laboratory, Department of Chemical Physics, Materials Science Centre, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, BIOSON Research Institute, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands, and European Laboratory for Nonlinear Spectroscopy (LENS), University of Florence, Largo E. Fermi 2, 50125 Florence, Italy
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Bockman TM, Hubig SM, Kochi JK. Direct Observation of Carbon−Carbon Bond Cleavage in Ultrafast Decarboxylations. J Am Chem Soc 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/ja960112j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Michael Bockman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Houston, Texas, 77204-5641
| | - Stephan M. Hubig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Houston, Texas, 77204-5641
| | - Jay K. Kochi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston Houston, Texas, 77204-5641
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27
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Pullen S, Walker LA, Sension RJ. Femtosecond studies of the iodine–mesitylene charge‐transfer complex. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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28
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Cheng PY, Zhong D, Zewail AH. Transition states of charge‐transfer reactions: Femtosecond dynamics and the concept of harpooning in the bimolecular reaction of benzene with iodine. J Chem Phys 1995. [DOI: 10.1063/1.470603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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29
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Microscopic solvation and femtochemistry of charge-transfer reactions: the problem of benzene(s)-iodine binary complexes and their solvent structures. Chem Phys Lett 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(95)00780-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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30
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Lenderink E, Wiersma DA. Photodissociation dynamics of dimethylnitrosamine studied by resonance Raman spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(94)00034-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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