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McGee CJ, McGinnis KR, Jarrold CC. Anion Photoelectron Imaging Spectroscopy of C 6HF 5-, C 6F 6-, and the Absence of C 6H 2F 4. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:8556-8565. [PMID: 37816145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Substituents have a profound effect on the electronic structure of the benzene molecule. In this paper, we present new photoelectron spectra of the C5HF5- molecular anion, to test predictions [ Int. J. Quant. Chem. 2017, 188, e25504] that pentafluorobenzene has a positive electron affinity, as hexafluorobenzene was already known to have. The PE spectrum of C6HF5- exhibits a broad and vibrationally unresolved band due to significant differences between the structure of the anion and the neutral. The vertical detachment energy (VDE) of C5HF5- is determined to be 1.33 ± 0.05 eV, and the lowest binding energy at which the signal is observed is 0.53 ± 0.05 eV, which, if taken as the electron affinity, is in good agreement with the computed value. In addition, we attempted to generate intact C6H2F4- molecular ions using the 1,2,3,4-tetrafluorobenzene, 1,2,3,5-tetrafluorobenzene, and 1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene precursors, as tetrafluorobenzene was predicted to have a near-zero but marginally positive electron affinity. Using a photoemission anion source, we were not able to produce the intact tetrafluorobenzene anion. Density functional theory calculations support a more detailed discussion of the impact of fluorine substitution on the electronic structure of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J McGee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kristen Rose McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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2
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McGee CJ, McGinnis KR, Jarrold CC. Trend in the Electron Affinities of Fluorophenyl Radicals ·C 6H 5-xF x (1 ≤ x ≤ 4). J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7264-7273. [PMID: 37603043 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c04327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
The electron affinities (EAs) of a series of ·C6H5-xFx (1 ≤ x ≤ 4) fluorophenyl radicals are determined from the photoelectron spectra of their associated fluorophenide anions generated from C6H6-xFx (1 ≤ x ≤ 4) fluorobenzene precursors. The spectra show a near-linear incremental increase in EA of 0.4 eV/x. The spectra exhibit vibrationally unresolved and broad detachment transitions consistent with significant differences in the molecular structures of the anion and neutral radical species. The experimental EAs and broad spectra are consistent with density functional theory calculations on these species. While the anion detachment transitions all involve an electron in a non-bonding orbital, the differences in structure between the neutral and anion are in part due to repulsion between the lone pair on the C-center on which the excess charge is localized and neighboring F atoms. The C6H5-xFx- (2 ≤ x ≤ 4) spectra show features at lower binding energy that appear to be due to constitutional isomers formed in the ion source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor J McGee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kristen Rose McGinnis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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3
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Dobulis MA, Thompson MC, Sommerfeld T, Jarrold CC. Temporary anion states of fluorine substituted benzenes probed by charge transfer in O 2 -·C 6H 6-xF x (x = 0-5) ion-molecule complexes. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:204309. [PMID: 32486698 DOI: 10.1063/5.0011321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The broadband photoelectron source realized by detaching O2 -·X (X = neutral unsaturated molecule) complexes offers a unique opportunity to probe temporary anion states of the unsaturated species. Detachment of the ion molecule complex typically accesses a dissociative portion of the neutral potential, creating a continuum electron source that can undergo scattering with X. We present the application of this new approach to electron-neutral scattering toward a study of the series of fluorinated benzenes via photoelectron spectroscopy of O2 -·C6H6-xFx (x = 0-6) measured with several photon energies. We compare these spectra to the reference O2 -·hexane spectrum and observe evidence of temporary anion states of C6H6-xFx for species with x = 0-5 in the form of enhanced signal intensity at electron kinetic energies coinciding with the energies of the temporary anions. Furthermore, we observe autodetachment features in the x = 3, 5 spectra. Results of calculations on the isolated symmetric isomer of C6H3F3 suggest that the molecule cannot support a weakly-bound non-valence state that could be associated with the observed autodetachment. However, C6HF5 - is predicted to support a valence bound state, which, if produced by charge transfer from O2 - with sufficient vibrational energy, may undergo autodetachment. Finally, the [O2·C6F6]- spectrum is unique insofar as the spectrum is substantially higher in binding energy and qualitatively different from the x = 0-5 spectra. This result suggests much stronger interactions and charge delocalization between O2 - and C6F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa A Dobulis
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Michael C Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - Thomas Sommerfeld
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Southeast Louisiana University, SLU 10878, Hammond, Louisiana 70402, USA
| | - Caroline Chick Jarrold
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
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4
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Verlet JRR, Anstöter CS, Bull JN, Rogers JP. Role of Nonvalence States in the Ultrafast Dynamics of Isolated Anions. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3507-3519. [PMID: 32233436 PMCID: PMC7212518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Nonvalence states
of neutral molecules (Rydberg states) play important
roles in nonadiabatic dynamics of excited states. In anions, such
nonadiabatic transitions between nonvalence and valence states have
been much less explored even though they are believed to play important
roles in electron capture and excited state dynamics of anions. The
aim of this Feature Article is to provide an overview of recent experimental
observations, based on time-resolved photoelectron imaging, of valence
to nonvalence and nonvalence to valence transitions in anions and
to demonstrate that such dynamics may be commonplace in the excited
state dynamics of molecular anions and cluster anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - Cate S Anstöter
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
| | - James N Bull
- School of Chemistry, Norwich Research Park, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
| | - Joshua P Rogers
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, Durham DH1 3LE, United Kingdom
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Rogers JP, Anstöter CS, Bull JN, Curchod BFE, Verlet JRR. Photoelectron Spectroscopy of the Hexafluorobenzene Cluster Anions: (C 6F 6) n- ( n = 1-5) and I -(C 6F 6). J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:1602-1612. [PMID: 30694676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Frequency-resolved (2D) photoelectron (PE) spectra of the anionic clusters (C6F6) n-, for n = 1-5, and time-resolved PE spectra of I-C6F6 are presented using a newly built instrument and supported by electronic structure calculations. From the 2D PE spectra, the vertical detachment energy (VDE) of C6F6- was measured to be 1.60 ± 0.01 eV, and the adiabatic detachment energy (ADE) was ≤0.70 eV. The PE spectra also contain fingerprints of resonance dynamics over certain photon energy ranges, in agreement with the calculations. An action spectrum over the lowest resonance is also presented. The 2D spectra of (C6F6) n- show that the cluster can be described as C6F6-(C6F6) n-1. The VDE increases linearly (200 ± 20 meV n-1) due to the stabilizing influence on the anion of the solvating C6F6 molecules. For I-C6F6, action spectra of the absorption just below both detachment channels are presented. Time-resolved PE spectra of I-C6F6 excited at 3.10 eV and probed at 1.55 eV reveal a short-lived nonvalence state of C6F6- that coherently evolves into the valence ground state of the anion and induces vibrational motion along a specific buckling coordinate. Electronic structure calculations along the displacement of this mode show that at the extreme buckling angle the probe can access an excited state of the anion that is bound at that geometry but adiabatically unbound. Hence, slow electrons are emitted and show dynamics that predominantly probe the outer-turning point of the motion. A PE spectrum taken at t = 0 contains a vibrational structure assigned to a specific Raman- or IR-active mode of C6F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Rogers
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Cate S Anstöter
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - James N Bull
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Basile F E Curchod
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
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6
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Chen ECM, Chen ES. Electron affinities from gas chromatography electron capture detector and negative ion mass spectrometry responses and complementary methods. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1573:1-17. [PMID: 30219237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The use of the electron-capture detector, ECD, to measure molecular electron affinities and kinetic parameters for reactions of thermal electrons with molecules at atmospheric pressure separated by chromatography and the sensitive and selective quantitative analysis of certain classes molecules are reviewed. The evaluated ground state electron affinities of the main group elements and diatomic molecules from slightly positive, 0+, to 3.6 eV are summarized. The electron affinities of twenty-seven superoxide states determined from pulsed discharge ECD and other methods are used to calculate one dimensional potential energy curves in agreement with theory. Advances in literature searches have uncovered ECD data in dissertations and theses and in the Russian and Japanese literature. These data, unpublished radioactive and pulsed discharge ECD thermal data from the University of Houston laboratories are used to report and evaluate electron affinities. The accuracy and precision of ECD electron affinities of organic molecules are identified and tabulated so that they can be added to compilations. A procedure for calculating the temperature dependence of electron molecule reactions is presented using kinetic and thermodynamic data. These are used toselect the most appropriate equipment and conditions for ECD analyses and physical determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C M Chen
- University of Houston Clear Lake, 2700 Bay Area Blvd., Houston, TX, 77059, USA.
| | - Edward S Chen
- Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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7
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Rogers JP, Anstöter CS, Verlet JRR. Evidence of Electron Capture of an Outgoing Photoelectron Wave by a Nonvalence State in (C 6F 6) n. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:2504-2509. [PMID: 29694047 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Frequency-resolved photoelectron spectra are presented for (C6F6) n- with n = 1-5 that show that C6F6- is solvated by neutral C6F6 molecules. Direct photodetachment channels of C6F6- are observed for all n, leaving the neutral in the S0 ground state or triplet states, T1 and T2. For n ≥ 2, an additional indirect electron loss channel is observed when the triplet-state channels open. This indirect emission appears to arise from the electron capture of the outgoing photoelectron s-wave by a neutral solvent molecule through an anion nonvalence state. The same process is not observed for the S0 detachment channel because the outgoing electron wave is predominantly a p-wave. Our results show that anion nonvalence states can act as electron-accepting states in cluster environments and can be viewed as precursor states for diffuse states of liquid C6F6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua P Rogers
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Cate S Anstöter
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
| | - Jan R R Verlet
- Department of Chemistry , Durham University , Durham DH1 3LE , United Kingdom
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8
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Ultrafast dynamics of low-energy electron attachment via a non-valence correlation-bound state. Nat Chem 2018; 10:341-346. [PMID: 29461530 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The primary electron-attachment process in electron-driven chemistry represents one of the most fundamental chemical transformations with wide-ranging importance in science and technology. However, the mechanistic detail of the seemingly simple reaction of an electron and a neutral molecule to form an anion remains poorly understood, particularly at very low electron energies. Here, time-resolved photoelectron imaging was used to probe the electron-attachment process to a non-polar molecule using time-resolved methods. An initially populated diffuse non-valence state of the anion that is bound by correlation forces evolves coherently in ∼30 fs into a valence state of the anion. The extreme efficiency with which the correlation-bound state serves as a doorway state for low-energy electron attachment explains a number of electron-driven processes, such as anion formation in the interstellar medium and electron attachment to fullerenes.
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9
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Koop A, Gantefoer G. On the linewidth in photoelectron spectra of size-selected clusters. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:124307. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5004399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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10
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Voora VK, Jordan KD. Nonvalence Correlation-Bound Anion State of C6F6: Doorway to Low-Energy Electron Capture. J Phys Chem A 2013; 118:7201-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp408386f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vamsee K. Voora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Kenneth D. Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
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11
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Nakajima A. Study on Electronic Properties of Composite Clusters toward Nanoscale Functional Advanced Materials. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2013. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20120298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University
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12
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Sun Z, Tang Z, Gao Z. Half sandwich structures of (M=Ag and Au): An experimental and theoretical study. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Wang LM, Wang LS. Probing the electronic properties and structural evolution of anionic gold clusters in the gas phase. NANOSCALE 2012; 4:4038-4053. [PMID: 22517376 DOI: 10.1039/c2nr30186e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles have been discovered to exhibit remarkable catalytic properties in contrast to the chemical inertness of bulk gold. A prerequisite to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the catalytic effect of nanogold is a detailed understanding of the structural and electronic properties of gold clusters as a function of size. In this review, we describe joint experimental studies (mainly photoelectron spectroscopy) and theoretical calculations to probe the structural properties of anionic gold clusters. Electronic properties and structural evolutions of all known Au(n)(-) clusters as experimentally confirmed to date are summarized, covering the size ranges of n = 3-35 and 55-64. Recent experimental efforts in resolving the isomeric issues of small gold clusters using Ar-tagging, O(2)-titration and isoelectronic substitution are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei-Ming Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA
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14
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Atobe J, Koyasu K, Furuse S, Nakajima A. Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of germanium and tin clusters containing a transition- or lanthanide-metal atom; MGen− (n = 8–20) and MSnn− (n = 15–17) (M = Sc–V, Y–Nb, and Lu–Ta). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:9403-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp23247b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Nakajima A, Nakao K, Gomei M, Kishi R, Iwata S, Kaya K. Electronic Properties of Silicon - M Binary Clusters (M = C & Na). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-358-61] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTElectronic properties of silicon-carbon and silicon-sodium binary clusters, produced by laser vaporization, were investigated by photoelectron spectroscopic or photoionization spectroscopic method. The photoelectron spectra of the C1Sim-1- clusters are similar to those of pure Sim- clusters in the peak positions and their envelopes, which is attributed to the similar electronic structure of Si and C atoms, leading to a similar geometry. In contrast, the similarity in the photoelectron spectra is not observed between Cn- and Cn-1Si1 clusters, which is attributed to a change in their geometry; from chain to ring.The ionization energies (Ei) of the SinNam clusters (l≤n≤15) were determined from the threshold energy of their ionization efficiency curves. The clear parallelism between the ionization energy of SinNa and the electron affinity (EA) of Sin is found; there are three local minima at n=4, 7 and 10. This implies the facts that (1) the structure of the SinNa clusters keeps the frame of the corresponding Sin cluster unchanged and that (2) the parentage of singly occupied molecular orbital (SOMO) of SinNa is the LUMO of Sin. Furthermore, the EAs of SinNa (4≤n≤7) were determined from the threshold energy in the photoelectron spectra of SinNa". When the EAs of SinNa are compared with those of Sin, the EAs decrease at n=4-6, but the EA increases at n=7. The results of ab initio calculation show that the Na atom is bound by two Si atoms (bridge site) at n=4-6, whereas it is bound by one Si atom (apex site) at n=7.
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Sun Z, Sun S, Liu H, Zhu Q, Gao Z, Tang Z. Photoelectron Spectroscopic and Theoretical Studies of MmC6F5 Anionic Complexes (M = Pb and Bi; m = 1−4). J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8045-54. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8099626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shutao Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongtao Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qihe Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhen Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zichao Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center of Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, People’s Republic of China, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, People’s Republic of China
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Koyasu K, Atobe J, Furuse S, Nakajima A. Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of transition metal- and lanthanide metal-silicon clusters: MSin− (n=6–20). J Chem Phys 2008; 129:214301. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3023080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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18
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Furuse S, Koyasu K, Atobe J, Nakajima A. Experimental and theoretical characterization of MSi16−, MGe16−,MSn16−, and MPb16− (M=Ti, Zr, and Hf): The role of cage aromaticity. J Chem Phys 2008; 129:064311. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2966005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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19
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Huh S, Jeong H, Koyasu K, Miyajima K, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Mass spectroscopic study of metal-rich nanoclusters. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2007.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Mitsui M, Ando N, Nakajima A. Mass spectrometry and photoelectron spectroscopy of o-, m-, and p-terphenyl cluster anions: the effect of molecular shape on molecular assembly and ion core character. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:5628-35. [PMID: 18510298 DOI: 10.1021/jp801159n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry and photoelectron spectroscopy of o-, m-, and p-terphenyl cluster anions, (o-TP)n(-) (n = 2-100), (m-TP)n(-) (n = 2-100), and (p-TP)n(-) (n = 1-100), respectively, are conducted to investigate the effect of molecular shape on the molecular aggregation form and the resultant ion core character of the clusters. For (o-TP)n(-) and (m-TP)n(-), neither magic numbers nor discernible isomers are observed throughout the size range. Furthermore, their vertical detachment energies (VDEs) increase up to large n and depend linearly on n(-1/3), implying that they possess a three-dimensional (3D), highly reorganized structure encompassing a monomeric anion core. For (p-TP)n(-), in contrast, prominent magic numbers of n = 5, 7, 10, 12, and 14 are observed, and the VDEs show pronounced irregular shifts below n = 10, while they remain constant above n = 14 (isomer A). These results can be rationalized with two-dimensional (2D) orderings of p-TP molecules and different types of 2D shell closure at n = 7 and 14, the monomeric and multimeric anion core, respectively. Above n = 16, the new feature (isomer B) starts to appear at the higher binding side of isomer A, and it becomes dominant with n, while isomer A gradually disappears for larger sizes. In contrast to isomer A, the VDEs of isomer B continuously increase with the cluster size. This characteristic size evolution suggests that the transition to modified 2D aggregation forms from 2D ones occurs at around n = 20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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21
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Ando N, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Photoelectron spectroscopy of cluster anions of naphthalene and related aromatic hydrocarbons. J Chem Phys 2008; 128:154318. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2903473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Mahmudur Rahman M, Muhida R, Kasai H. A density functional study of the electric and magnetic properties of a benzene–transition-metal multiple-decker sandwich chain. SURF INTERFACE ANAL 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/sia.2829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Ando N, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Comprehensive photoelectron spectroscopic study of anionic clusters of anthracene and its alkyl derivatives: Electronic structures bridging molecules to bulk. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:234305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2805185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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24
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Eustis SN, Wang D, Bowen KH, Patwari GN. Photoelectron spectroscopy of hydrated hexafluorobenzene anions. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:114312. [PMID: 17887842 DOI: 10.1063/1.2768349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a synergetic experimental/theoretical study of hydrated hexafluorobenzene anions. Experimentally, we measured the anion photoelectron spectra of the anions, C6F6(-)(H2O)n (n=0-2). The spectra show broad peaks, which shift to successively higher electron binding energies with the addition of each water molecule to the hexafluorobenzene anion. Complementing these results, we also conducted density functional calculations which link adiabatic electron affinities to the optimized geometric structures of the negatively charged species and their neutral counterparts. Neutral hexafluorobenzene-water complexes are not thought to be hydrogen bonded. In the case of C6F6(-)(H2O)1, however, its water molecule was found to lie in the plane of the hexafluorobenzene anion, bound by two O-H...F ionic hydrogen bonds. Whereas in the case of C6F6(-)(H2O)2, both water molecules also lie in the plane of and are hydrogen bonded to the hexafluorobenzene anion but on opposite ends. This study and that of Schneider et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 127, 114311 (2007), preceding paper] are in agreement regarding the geometry of C6F6(-)(H2O)1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soren N Eustis
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
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Mitsui M, Ando N, Nakajima A. Mass Spectrometry and Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Tetracene Cluster Anions, (Tetracene) (n = 1−100): Evidence for the Highly Localized Nature of Polarization in a Cluster Analogue of Oligoacene Crystals. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:9644-8. [PMID: 17727279 DOI: 10.1021/jp076134h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectron spectroscopy of tetracene cluster anions, (tetracene)n- (n = 1-100), reveals the coexistence of two types of isomers, designated as isomers I and II-1 (n = 10-50) or isomers I and II-2 (n > 60), in a wide size range. The vertical detachment energies (VDEs) of isomer I increase persistently due to polarization and structural relaxation effects, where a monomeric anion core is encompassed with geometrically reorganized neutral molecules. Conversely, a characteristic ion distribution in the mass spectrum of (tetracene)n-ensues from the two-dimensional (2D) herringbone-type ordering of isomer II-1, whose VDEs remain constant at 1.80 eV for n >/= 14. Also, isomer II-2, presumably adopting multilayered structural motifs, exhibits invariable VDEs of 2.0 eV, a manifestation of significant charge screening effects in these isomers. The invariable nature of the VDEs of isomers II-1 and II-2 unambiguously demonstrates a largely localized nature of polarization induced by the excess charge residing in microscopic crystal-like environments. Surprisingly, only 14 tetracene molecules within a 2D herringbone-type layer including an excess charge can provide the charge stabilization energy corresponding to approximately 80% of that of the crystal, and the rest of the energy is provided by polarization of neutral molecules in adjacent layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Formation of Large Molecular Cluster Anions and Elucidation of Their Electronic Structures. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2007. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.80.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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27
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Chen EC, Herder C, Chen ES. The ground and excited state electron affinities of cytosine and trans-azobenzene. Chem Phys Lett 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2007.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Akutsu M, Koyasu K, Atobe J, Miyajima K, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Electronic Properties of Si and Ge Atoms Doped In Clusters: InnSim and InnGem. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:573-7. [PMID: 17249745 DOI: 10.1021/jp065921w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Electronic properties of silicon and germanium atom doped indium clusters, In(n)Si(m) and In(n)Ge(m), were investigated by photoionization spectroscopy of the neutrals and photoelectron spectroscopy of the anions. Size dependence of ionization energy and electron affinity for In(n)Si(1) and In(n)Ge(1) exhibit pronounced even-odd alternation at cluster sizes of n = 10-16, as compared to those for pure In(n) clusters. This result shows that symmetry lowering with the doped atom of Si or Ge results in undegeneration of electronic states in the 1d shell formed by monovalent In atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Akutsu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Kokubo S, Ando N, Koyasu K, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy of acridine molecular anion and its monohydrate. J Chem Phys 2006; 121:11112-7. [PMID: 15634064 DOI: 10.1063/1.1818132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy was employed to investigate the electronic structure of the acridine molecular anion and its monohydrated anion in the gas phase. Their adiabatic electron affinities were measured to be 0.896+/-0.010 and 1.18+/-0.05 eV, and the low-lying electronic excited states in both neutral acridine and in its monohydrate were revealed. The photoelectron spectra clearly exhibit the presence of low-lying singlet and triplet states having a (pi,pi*) configuration in an uncomplexed acridine molecule. Comparison of the photoelectron spectrum of acridine with that of anthracene shows that photodetachment processes into the excited states of (n,pi*) configuration have little intensity, implying a relatively large intramolecular structural relaxation in the (n,pi*) states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinsuke Kokubo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Nakamura T, Ando N, Matsumoto Y, Furuse S, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Adiabatic Electron Affinities of Oligophenyls: Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Study. CHEM LETT 2006. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2006.888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Koyasu K, Naono Y, Akutsu M, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Photoelectron spectroscopy of binary Au cluster anions with a doped metal atom: AunM− (n=2–7), M=Pd, Ni, Zn, Cu, and Mg. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2006.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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33
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Mitsui M, Matsumoto Y, Ando N, Nakajima A. Formation and Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Nanoscale Cluster Anions of Biphenyl, (BP)n−(n= 2–100). CHEM LETT 2005. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2005.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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34
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Takegami R, Hosoya N, Suzumura JI, Nakajima A, Yabushita S. Geometric and Electronic Structures of Multiple-Decker One-End Open Sandwich Clusters: Eun(C8H8)n- (n = 1−4). J Phys Chem A 2005; 109:2476-86. [PMID: 16833549 DOI: 10.1021/jp044806n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We have measured the photoelectron spectra of the multiple-decker 1:1 sandwich clusters of Eu(n)(COT)n- (n = 1-4; COT = 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene), synthesized in the gas phase, and studied theoretically the bonding scheme, charge distribution, valence orbital energies, and photodetachment energies. We calculated the ground electronic state X- and the first excited electronic state A-, both of which have strong ionic bonding and a characteristic charge distribution. Moreover, we found that the valence orbital energies of Eu (6s) and COT (L delta) depend strongly on cluster size and their positions in the clusters. With the calculated vertical detachment energies for these valence orbitals, we assigned the peaks in the experimental photoelectron spectra and analyzed the origin of their interesting behavior by employing simple point charge models. From these analyses, it became clear that the characteristic behavior of the spectra is due to the strong ionic bonding and the charge distribution. In addition, using the point charge models, we estimated the vertical detachment energies of the one-dimensional polymer [Eu(COT)]infinity-.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Takegami
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Suzumura JI, Hosoya N, Nagao S, Mitsui M, Nakajima A. Electronic structures of exohedral lanthanide-C60 clusters. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:2649-54. [PMID: 15281865 DOI: 10.1063/1.1767514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We have studied the electronic structures of several gas phase exohedral lanthanide (Ln)-C(60) clusters, Ln(n)C(60) (Ln=Pr, Ho, Tb, Tm, Eu, and Yb) with n=1-4, by photoionization spectroscopy of the neutrals and photoelectron spectroscopy of their anions. Both of the spectroscopic analyses reveal that most of the Ln atoms preferably take +3 oxidation states, while Eu atoms alone assume +2 oxidation states, and that C(60) accepts up to twelve donated electrons in Ln(n)C(60). An additional photoionization examination of the oxygen atom mixing into the Ln(n)C(60) clusters demonstrated that each oxygen atom reduces two electrons from C(60). This result implies that the number of accepted electrons in C(60) can be varied by a suitable choice of the number of Ln atoms and O atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Ichi Suzumura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Mitsui M, Kokubo S, Ando N, Matsumoto Y, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Coexistence of two different anion states in polyacene nanocluster anions. J Chem Phys 2004; 121:7553-6. [PMID: 15485213 DOI: 10.1063/1.1809118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Two types of anion states are shown to coexist in nanometer-scale polyacene cluster anions. Naphthalene and anthracene nanoclusters having a single excess electron were produced in the gas-phase. Photoelectron spectra of size-selected cluster anions containing 2 to 100 molecules revealed that rigid "crystal-like" cluster anions emerge, greater than approximately 2 nanometers in size, and coexist with the "disordered" cluster anion in which the surrounding neutral molecules are reorganizing around the charge core. These two anion states appear to be correlated to negative polaronic states formed in the corresponding crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Mitsui M, Ando N, Kokubo S, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Coexistence of solvated electrons and solvent valence anions in negatively charged acetonitrile clusters, (CH3CN)-n(n=10-100). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2003; 91:153002. [PMID: 14611464 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.91.153002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2003] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of acetonitrile cluster anions, (CH3CN)(-)(n) (n=10-100), successfully demonstrates the competitive coexistence of two different anionic species: a solvated electron and a solvent-bound valence anion. The distinctly different nature of these anions is revealed by hole-burning-type photoelectron spectroscopy and relative photodetachment cross section measurements. This unusual coexistence is attributed to the closely lying nature of their anionic states at just the number of solvent molecules sufficient to almost complete the first solvation layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaaki Mitsui
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
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Mobility of geminate radical ions in concentrated alkane solutions as measured using electric field dependence of delayed fluorescence. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0969-806x(02)00474-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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40
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Ohara M, Koyasu K, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Geometric and electronic structures of metal (M)-doped silicon clusters (M=Ti, Hf, Mo and W). Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00299-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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41
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Kawamata H, Maeyama T, Mikami N. First observation of ionic π-hydrogen bonds; vibrational spectroscopy of dihydrated naphthalene anion (Nph−(H2O)2). Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00118-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Nagao S, Negishi Y, Kato A, Nakamura Y, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Electronic structures of HonC60 clusters (n=1–5): High electron acceptability of C60. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1492801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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43
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Gerhards M, Thomas OC, Nilles JM, Zheng WJ, Bowen KH. Cobalt–benzene cluster anions: Mass spectrometry and negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1477924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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44
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Pramann A, Koyasu K, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Cobalt Oxide Cluster Anions. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp020247d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Pramann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kiichirou Koyasu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Koji Kaya
- Institute of Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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46
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Pramann A, Koyasu K, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Anion photoelectron spectroscopy of VnOm− (n=4–15;m=0–2). J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1461824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Ohara M, Nakamura Y, Negishi Y, Miyajima K, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Behavior of Silicon and Germanium Clusters on a C60 Fullerene. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013420z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ohara
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - Y. Negishi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - K. Miyajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - A. Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - K. Kaya
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Ohara M, Miyajima K, Pramann A, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Geometric and Electronic Structures of Terbium−Silicon Mixed Clusters (TbSin; 6 ≤ n ≤ 16). J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp012952c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ohara
- Keio University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - K. Miyajima
- Keio University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - A. Pramann
- Keio University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - A. Nakajima
- Keio University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
| | - K. Kaya
- Keio University, Faculty of Science and Technology, Department of Chemistry, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan, and Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Pramann A, Koyasu K, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy of Vanadium-Doped Cobalt Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp013791f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Axel Pramann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Kiichirou Koyasu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakajima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan
| | - Koji Kaya
- Institute of Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan
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Pramann A, Nakajima A, Kaya K. Comparison of hydrogen chemisorption rates and electronic structures of small NbnAl− clusters: a photoelectron spectroscopic study. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)01046-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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