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Walter M, Vogel M, Zamudio-Bayer V, Lindblad R, Reichenbach T, Hirsch K, Langenberg A, Rittmann J, Kulesza A, Mitrić R, Moseler M, Möller T, von Issendorff B, Lau JT. Experimental and theoretical 2p core-level spectra of size-selected gas-phase aluminum and silicon cluster cations: chemical shifts, geometric structure, and coordination-dependent screening. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6651-6661. [PMID: 30855620 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp07169a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present 2p core-level spectra of size-selected aluminum and silicon cluster cations from soft X-ray photoionization efficiency curves and density functional theory. The experimental and theoretical results are in very good quantitative agreement and allow for geometric structure determination. New ground state geometries for Al12+, Si15+, Si16+, and Si19+ are proposed on this basis. The chemical shifts of the 2p electron binding energies reveal a substantial difference for aluminum and silicon clusters: while in aluminum the 2p electron binding energy decreases with increasing coordination number, no such correlation was observed for silicon. The 2p binding energy shifts in clusters of both elements differ strongly from those of the corresponding bulk matter. For aluminum clusters, the core-level shifts between outer shell atoms and the encapsulated atom are of opposite sign and one order of magnitude larger than the corresponding core-level shift between surface and bulk atoms in the solid. For silicon clusters, the core-level shifts are of the same order of magnitude in clusters and in bulk silicon but no obvious correlation of chemical shift and bond length, as present for reconstructed silicon surfaces, are observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Walter
- Freiburger Zentrum für interaktive Werkstoffe und bioinspirierte Technologien, Universität Freiburg, Georges-Köhler-Allee 105, 79110 Freiburg, Germany. and Fraunhofer IWM, MikroTribologie CentrumμTC, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marlene Vogel
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Vicente Zamudio-Bayer
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Rebecka Lindblad
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany. and Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Thomas Reichenbach
- Fraunhofer IWM, MikroTribologie CentrumμTC, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Konstantin Hirsch
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Langenberg
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jochen Rittmann
- Institut für Methoden und Instrumentierung der Forschung mit Synchrotronstrahlung, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Kulesza
- Fachbereich Physik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Roland Mitrić
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Würzburg, Emil-Fischer-Straße 42, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael Moseler
- Fraunhofer IWM, MikroTribologie CentrumμTC, Wöhlerstraße 11, 79108 Freiburg, Germany and Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Möller
- Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 36, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd von Issendorff
- Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - J Tobias Lau
- Abteilung für Hochempfindliche Röntgenspektroskopie, Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie, Albert-Einstein-Straße 15, 12489 Berlin, Germany. and Physikalisches Institut, Universität Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Straße 3, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
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Sevast’yanov VG, Nosatenko PY, Gorskii VV, Ezhov YS, Sevast’yanov DV, Simonenko EP, Kuznetsov NT. Experimental and theoretical determination of the saturation vapor pressure of silicon in a wide range of temperatures. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2010. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023610130036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Nair NN, Bredow T, Jug K. Molecular dynamics implementation in MSINDO: Study of silicon clusters. J Comput Chem 2004; 25:1255-63. [PMID: 15139038 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics is implemented in the semiempirical self-consistent field molecular orbital method MSINDO. The method is employed for the investigation of the structure and dynamics of silicon clusters of various sizes. The reliability of the present parameterization for silicon compounds is demonstrated by a comparison of the results of simulated annealing and of density functional calculations of Si(n) clusters (n = 5-7). The melting behavior of the Si(7) cluster is investigated and the MSINDO results are compared to previous high-level calculations. The efficiency of the present approach for the treatment of large systems is demonstrated by an extensive simulated annealing study of the Si(45) and Si(60) clusters. New Si(45) and Si(60) structures are found and evaluated. The relative stability of various energy minimum structures is compared with density functional calculations and available literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisanth N Nair
- Theoretische Chemie, Universität Hannover, Am Kleinen Felde 30, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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Ge Y, Head JD. Global Optimization of H-Passivated Si Clusters with a Genetic Algorithm. J Phys Chem B 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jp020074s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingbin Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 The Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
| | - John D. Head
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 The Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822
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Gingerich KA, Schmude RW, Sai Baba M, Meloni G. Atomization enthalpies and enthalpies of formation of the germanium clusters, Ge5, Ge6, Ge7, and Ge8 by Knudsen effusion mass spectrometry. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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