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Brammer-Robbins E, Nouri MZ, Griffin EK, Aristizabal-Henao JJ, Denslow ND, Bowden JA, Larkin IV, Martyniuk CJ. Lipidomics and plasma hormone analysis differentiate reproductive and pregnancy statuses in Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. PART D, GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS 2024; 50:101231. [PMID: 38643744 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbd.2024.101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Florida manatees (Trichechus manatus latirostris) are protected as a threatened species, and data are lacking regarding their reproductive physiology. This study aimed to (1) quantify plasma steroid hormones in Florida manatees from two field sites, Crystal River and Indian River Lagoon, at different gestational stages and to (2) identify individual lipids associated with pregnancy status. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric analysis was used to measure plasma steroid hormones and lipids. Pregnant female manatees were morphometrically distinct from male and non-pregnant female manatees, characterized by larger body weight and maximal girth. Progesterone concentrations in manatees were also elevated during early gestation versus late gestation. Cholesterol, an important metabolic lipid, and precursor for reproductive steroids, was not different between groups. Mass spectrometry quantified 949 lipids. Plasma concentrations of glycerophospholipids, glycerolipids, sphingolipids, acylcarnitines, and cholesteryl esters were associated with pregnancy status in the Florida manatee. Most of the lipid species associated with pregnancy were triacylglycerides, phosphatidylethanolamines, and ether-linked phosphatidylethanolamines, which may serve as energy sources for fetal development. This research contributes to improving knowledge of manatee reproductive physiology by providing data on plasma steroid hormones relative to reproductive status and by identifying plasma lipids that may be important for pregnancy. Elucidation of lipid species directly associated with pregnancy has the potential to serve as a diagnostic approach to identify pregnant individuals in fresh and archived samples. These biochemical and morphometric indicators of reproductive status advance the understanding of manatee physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Brammer-Robbins
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America.
| | - Mohammad-Zaman Nouri
- Access Genetics & OralDNA Labs, Eden Prairie, MN 55344, United States of America
| | - Emily K Griffin
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | | | - Nancy D Denslow
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - John A Bowden
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, United States of America
| | - Iske V Larkin
- Aquatic Animal Health Program, Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Gainesville, FL, United States of America
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America; Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States of America
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Ranjbar Jafarabadi A, Mashjoor S, Mohamadjafari Dehkordi S, Riyahi Bakhtiari A, Cappello T. Steroid Fingerprint Analysis of Endangered Caspian Seal ( Pusa caspica) through the Gorgan Bay (Caspian Sea). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:7339-7353. [PMID: 32459473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c01479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The profile of steroid congeners was evaluated in Caspian seals Pusa caspica by age, sex, and tissue-specific bioaccumulation, and compared with that of abiotic matrices (seawater, surface sediment, and suspended particulate materials, SPMs) from Miankaleh Wildlife/Gorgan Bay, (Caspian Sea, Iran). To identify the level of human fecal contamination, ∑25 sterol congeners were measured in all abiotic/biotic samples, revealing coprostanol, a proxy for human feces, as the most abundant sterol (seawater: 45.1-20.3 ng L-1; surface sediment: 90.2-70.3 ng g-1 dw; SPMs: 187.7-157.6 ng g-1 dw). The quantification of ∑25 sterols in seals followed the order of brain > liver > kidney > heart > blood > spleen > muscle > intestine > blubber > fur, and in both sexes coprostanol level (8.95-21.01% of ∑25s) was higher in blubber and fur, followed by cholesterol in brain, liver, kidney, heart, and blood, cholestanone in intestine and muscle, and β-sitosterol in spleen. Though no age/sex differentiation was observed, the mean concentration of ∑25s was higher in male than females and pup. Different diagnostic ratios revealed sterols originating from human and nonhuman sewage sources. Findings pinpoint the urgent necessity to investigate the ecotoxicity of fecal sterols in mammals, and consequent implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Ranjbar Jafarabadi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Sakineh Mashjoor
- Department of Marine biology, Faculty of Marine Science and Technology, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
- Marine Pharmaceutical Science Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shirin Mohamadjafari Dehkordi
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Alireza Riyahi Bakhtiari
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran 14115-111, Iran
| | - Tiziana Cappello
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina 98122, Italy
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Shevchenko OG, Shishkina LN. Comparative analysis of phospholipid composition in blood erythrocytes of various species of mouse-like rodents. J EVOL BIOCHEM PHYS+ 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022093011020071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mazzaro LM, Lawrence Dunn J, Furr HC, Clark RM. Serum Retinol, alpha-tocopherol, and lipids in four species of adult captive pinnipeds. Zoo Biol 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/zoo.10075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Ruus A, Sandvik M, Ugland KI, Skaare JU. Factors influencing activities of biotransformation enzymes, concentrations and compositional patterns of organochlorine contaminants in members of a marine food web. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2002; 61:73-87. [PMID: 12297372 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-445x(02)00043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs; 34 congeners), sigmaDDT (p,p'-DDT, o,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD, o,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE), chlordanes (sigmaCHL; trans-chlordane, cis-chlordane, trans-nonachlor, cis-nonachlor and oxychlordane), hexachlorocyclohexanes (sigmaHCH; alpha-, beta- and gamma-isomers), hexachlorobenzene (HCB) and mirex was investigated in members of a marine food web from the Hvaler and Torbjørnskaer archipelago, south-eastern Norway. The species studied were bullrout (Myoxocephalus scorpius), cod (Gadus morhua), herring gull (Larus argentatus) and harbour seal (Phoca vitulina). Furthermore, hepatic biotransformation enzyme activities (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD), pentoxyresorufin-O-depentylase (PROD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST)) were measured in all species. The objectives of the study were to investigate factors causing intraspecies variation in activities of biotransformation enzymes, as well as in concentrations and compositional patterns of the organochlorines (OCs). High correlations between EROD and PROD activities were found in all species, suggesting a single, common catalyst, CYP1A, and render the PROD assay questionable as biomarker for CYP2B inducers in marine wildlife. Furthermore, GST activities are shown to be dependent on biological factors, such as age (in harbour seal) and sex (in bullrout). In fish, the OC concentrations vary between the sexes, likely due to differences in fat deposition strategies and possibly sex dimorphism. In seals, concentrations and compositional patterns of the OCs vary with age, owing to selective transfer from mother to pup in utero and mainly through lactation, but likely also due to age specific xenobiotic metabolising capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anders Ruus
- University of Oslo, Institute of Biology, Department of Marine Zoology and Marine Chemistry, PO Box 1064, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.
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Kurle CM. Stable-isotope ratios of blood components from captive northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and their diet: applications for studying the foraging ecology of wild otariids. CAN J ZOOL 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/z02-069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Stable nitrogen and carbon isotope ratios (13C/12C and 15N/14N, respectively) of plasma, serum, clotted red blood cells, and unclotted red blood cells from six captive northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) and two fish species in their diet, Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) and Icelandic capelin (Mallotus villosus), were measured. The δ15N values from the fur seal blood components ranged from 15.5 ± 0.1 (mean ± SE; all RBCs) to 16.7 ± 0.1 (plasma), and δ13C values ranged from 18.3 ± 0.1 (serum) to 17.5 ± 0.1 (clotted RBCs). Fur seal blood components had higher δ15N and δ13C values than their diet. Mean enrichments of 15N between fur seal RBCs and plasma/serum and their prey were +4.1 and +5.2, respectively, while mean 13C enrichments were +0.6 (serum), +1.0 (plasma), and +1.3 to +1.4 (all RBCs). Fur seal blood components did not differ in δ15N or δ13C between the sexes. One female (Baabs) was pregnant at the time of sampling and was resampled 4 months later, when she was approximately 3 months post parturient. The δ15N values of the blood components taken from Baabs during pregnancy were all higher by 0.6 (unclotted RBCs) to 1.3 (plasma) than those of samples taken during lactation, while her δ13C values were nearly the same (RBCs) for the two time periods or lower during lactation by 0.5 (serum) and 0.7 (plasma). This study was the first to analyze isotope ratios of blood components from captive fur seals and their prey. The subsequent establishment of fractionation values between captive fur seals and their diet can be used to interpret trophic level and habitat usage of otariids feeding in the wild.
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Fayolle C, Leray C, Ohlmann P, Gutbier G, Cazenave JP, Gachet C, Groscolas R. Lipid composition of blood platelets and erythrocytes of southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) and antarctic fur seal (Arctocephalus gazella). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2000; 126:39-47. [PMID: 10825663 DOI: 10.1016/s0305-0491(00)00175-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Erythrocyte and blood platelet phospholipid compositions were studied in three elephant seals and two fur seals, two species of marine mammals living in the Subantarctic region feeding on preys rich in (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids. Results were compared with those reported for related species and humans. In erythrocytes, the phospholipid (PL) and cholesterol (CHOL) contents were lower in pinnipeds than in humans. Phosphatidylcholine (PC) levels were higher in elephant seals than in fur seals, with a reverse trend for phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS). Both species had lower SM/PC ratios and PE plasmalogen concentrations than human. Erythrocytes were richer in (n-3) fatty acids (FA) in pinnipeds than in humans. In platelets, the PL content was lower and the CHOL content higher in elephant seals than in humans or in other phocid seal species studied to date. The SM/PC ratio was much higher than in other seal species or in man. In both species, the proportion of PE plasmalogens was higher in platelets than in erythrocytes. PL were more saturated in elephant seals than in fur seals. These results suggest that the erythrocytes and platelets of wild marine mammals may prove useful models to study the influence of dietary lipids on the structure and hemostatic function of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Fayolle
- INSERM U.311, Etablissement de Transfusion Sanguine, Strasbourg, France.
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Bernhoft A, Skaare JU. Levels of selected individual polychlorinated biphenyls in different tissues of harbour seals (phoca vitulina) from the Southern coast of Norway. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 1994; 86:99-107. [PMID: 15091651 DOI: 10.1016/0269-7491(94)90011-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/1993] [Accepted: 08/09/1993] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Concentrations of individual polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in blubber, liver, kidney and brain tissues of 10 male harbour seals (Phoca vitulina) of different ages. The animals were found dead or dying on the southern coast of Norway in 1988 during the morbilli virus epizootic. Twenty-three PCB congeners were investigated in all tissues by capillary gas chromatography with electron capture detection and comparison with standards of the respective congeners (IUPAC numbers 28, 52, 74, 99, 101, 105, 110, 114, 118, 128, 138, 141, 149, 153, 156, 157, 170, 180, 183, 187, 194, 206 and 209). In addition, three toxic coplanar congeners (IUPAC numbers 77, 126 and 169) were investigated in the blubber samples. Total PCB (sum of the determined congeners) in kidney (12-60 nmol g(-1)), liver (12-90 nmol g(-1)) and blubber (10-79 nmol g(-1)) were similar on extractable lipid basis, while total PCB in brain lipid was about 1/10 (1.6-12 nmol g(-1)). The absolute concentrations of the individual congeners in brain lipid correlated poorly with the respective concentrations in each of the other tissues, while the individual congener concentrations in the lipid fractions of kidney, liver and blubber tended to correlate with each other. The relative concentrations of the sum of the most persistent congeners (PCB-99, -128, -138, -153, -170, -180, -187 and -194) correlated in all tissues, and an increase of the relative concentrations of these congeners, most distinct in blubber, with higher carcass weight, was shown. Also, total PCB in blubber correlated with carcass weight. When comparing the relative concentration patterns of individual congeners (per cent of total) in the four tissues, six congeners differed significantly between tissues, and the relative brain concentrations showed most deviation from the other tissues. The concentration of the coplanar PCBs was 1 : 1000-1 : 1000 of the total PCB concentration. The results demonstrate a lower accumulation together with a different concentration pattern in the brain as compared to other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Bernhoft
- Department of Pharmacology, Microbiology and Food Hygiene, Norwegian College of Veterinary Medicine, PO Box 8146 Dep., 0033 Oslo, Norway
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Lactate and glucose metabolism in the resting and diving harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). J Comp Physiol B 1983. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00689631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Role of Cholesterol in Biomembranes and Related Systems. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2161(08)60101-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/12/2023]
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Nelson GJ. The lipid composition of the blood of marine mammals. 3. The fatty acid composition of plasma and erythrocytes of Atlantic bottlenose dolphin, Tursiopstruncatus. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1973; 46:257-68. [PMID: 4757954 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(73)90316-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Nelson GJ. The lipid composition of plasma lipoprotein density classes of sheep Ovis aries. COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. B, COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY 1973; 46:81-91. [PMID: 4355794 DOI: 10.1016/0305-0491(73)90047-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Lane RA, Morris RJ, Sheedy JW. A haematological study of the southern elephant seal, Mirounga leonina (linn.). COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY. A, COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY 1972; 42:841-50. [PMID: 4404516 DOI: 10.1016/0300-9629(72)90389-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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