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Meng L, Hu H, Liu Z, Zhang L, Zhuan Q, Li X, Fu X, Zhu S, Hou Y. The Role of Ca 2 + in Maturation and Reprogramming of Bovine Oocytes: A System Study of Low-Calcium Model. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:746237. [PMID: 34765601 PMCID: PMC8577575 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.746237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
[Ca2+]i is essential for mammalian oocyte maturation and early embryonic development, as those processes are Ca2+ dependent. In the present study, we investigated the effect of [Ca2+]i on in vitro maturation and reprogramming of oocytes in a lower calcium model of oocyte at metaphase II (MII) stage, which was established by adding cell-permeant Ca2+ chelator BAPTA-AM to the maturation medium. Results showed that the extrusion of the first polar body (PB1) was delayed, and oocyte cytoplasmic maturation, including mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum distribution, was impaired in lower calcium model. The low-calcium-model oocytes presented a poor developmental phenotype of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos at the beginning of activation of zygotic genome. At the same time, oxidative stress and apoptosis were observed in the low-calcium-model oocytes; subsequently, an RNA-seq analysis of the lower-calcium-model oocytes screened 24 genes responsible for the poor oocyte reprogramming, and six genes (ID1, SOX2, DPPA3, ASF1A, MSL3, and KDM6B) were identified by quantitative PCR. Analyzing the expression of these genes is helpful to elucidate the mechanisms of [Ca2+]i regulating oocyte reprogramming. The most significant difference gene in this enriched item was ID1. Our results showed that the low calcium might give rise to oxidative stress and apoptosis, resulting in impaired maturation of bovine oocytes and possibly affecting subsequent reprogramming ability through the reduction of ID1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Medicinal Chemistry and Resource Evaluation, School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qingrui Zhuan
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiangwei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shien Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yunpeng Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Sakaguchi K, Nagano M. Follicle priming by FSH and pre-maturation culture to improve oocyte quality in vivo and in vitro. Theriogenology 2020; 150:122-129. [PMID: 32005509 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays there is strong demand to produce embryos from premium quality cattle, and we can produce embryos using oocytes collected from living premium animals by ovum-pick up (OPU) followed by in vitro fertilization (IVF). However, the developmental competence of IVF oocytes to form blastocysts is variable. The developmental competence of oocytes depends on the size and stages of follicles, and follicle-stimulating hormone priming (FSH-priming) prior to OPU can promote follicular growth and improve the developmental competence of oocytes. Furthermore, following the induction of ovulation using an injection of luteinizing hormone or gonadotropin-releasing hormone after FSH-priming, we can collect in vivo matured oocytes from ovulatory follicles, which show higher developmental competence than oocytes matured in vitro. However, the conventional protocols for FSH-priming consist of multiple FSH injection for 3-4 days, which is stressful for the animal and labor-intensive for the veterinarian. In addition, these techniques cannot be applied to IVF of oocytes collected from bovine ovaries derived from slaughterhouses, which are important sources of oocytes. Here, we review previous research focused on FSH-priming, especially for collecting in vivo matured oocytes and a simplified method for superstimulation using a single injection of FSH. We also introduce the previous achievements using in vitro pre-maturation culture, which can improve the developmental competence of oocytes derived from non-stimulated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichiro Sakaguchi
- Laboratory of Theriogenology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, 060-0818, Japan; Institute of Cell Biology, School of Biological Sciences, College of Science and Engineering, University of Edinburgh, The Hugh Robson Building, Edinburgh, EH8 9XD, UK.
| | - Masashi Nagano
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, School of Veterinary Medicine, Kitasato University, Towada, Aomori, 034-8628, Japan.
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3
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Silvestre F, Boni R, Fissore RA, Tosti E. Ca2+ signaling during maturation of cumulus-oocyte complex in mammals. Mol Reprod Dev 2011; 78:744-56. [PMID: 21656870 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.21332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2011] [Accepted: 05/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Under the influence of gonadotropins or growth factors, a close cooperation develops between cumulus cells and the oocyte that is implicated in transmitting signals involved in maintaining or releasing the meiotic arrest in the oocyte. While cyclic adenosine 5'-monophosphate (cAMP) is a key molecule in maintaining the meiotic arrest, calcium (Ca(2+)) may play a role in controlling either spontaneous or gonadotropin-induced oocyte maturation, possibly by modulating intracytoplasmic cAMP concentrations via Ca(2+)-sensitive adenylate cyclases. This review focuses on the mechanisms related to the origin of the Ca(2+) wave that travels from the cumulus cells to the oocyte, and discusses the source of variations affecting the dynamics of this wave.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Silvestre
- Animal Physiology and Evolution Laboratory, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, Naples, Italy.
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4
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Abstract
SummaryOocytes undergo numerous biochemical and morphological changes during their development from preantral to preovulatory phases.In vitrostudies have suggested several compounds that might induce oocyte maturation. Heparin is a natural component of ooplasm, follicular fluid and uterine fluid and previous studies indicated that it might act as a chromatin maturation factor in bovine oocytes. We tested this hypothesisin vitroby timing germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and first polar body (PB) formation without any other natural or introduced factors that might influence the rate of oocyte maturation. We also determined if these oocytes could be fertilized.Bovine oocytes were incubated in a salt medium and TCM 199 supplemented with different concentrations of heparin for 24 h at 37.5 °C in a humidified atmosphere of 5% CO2. With 1.0 and 6.5 mg/ml heparin, the time of GVBD was reduced from 4.7 ± 1.1 h to about 1.5 h and the time of first PB formation was reduced from 22.0 ± 1.1 h to 9.0–11.0 h in salt medium. In TCM 199, only 6.5 mg/ml heparin significantly reduced the time of PB formation. In both incubation media, 1.0 and 6.5 mg/ml heparin induced GVBD, extrusion of the first PB and formation of the metaphase II nucleus. Moreover, heparin did not interfere with the fertilization of oocytes matured in TCM 199. Based on the results, we propose that heparin plays an important role in the rearrangement of the oocyte chromatin and acts as an oocyte maturation factor.
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Toranzo GS, Oterino J, Zelarayán L, Bonilla F, Bühler MI. Spontaneous and LH-induced maturation inBufo arenarumoocytes: importance of gap junctions. ZYGOTE 2007; 15:65-80. [PMID: 17391547 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199406004023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARYIt has been demonstrated inBufo arenarumthat fully grown oocytes are capable of meiotic resumption in the absence of a hormonal stimulus if they are deprived of their follicular envelopes. This event, called spontaneous maturation, only takes place in oocytes collected during the reproductive period, which have a metabolically mature cytoplasm.InBufo arenarum, progesterone acts on the oocyte surface and causes modifications in the activities of important enzymes, such as a decrease in the activity of adenylate cyclase (AC) and the activation of phospholipase C (PLC). PLC activation leads to the formation of diacylglycerol (DAG) and inositol triphosphate (IP3), second messengers that activate protein kinase C (PKC) and cause an increase in intracellular Ca2+. Recent data obtained fromBufo arenarumshow that progesterone-induced maturation causes significant modifications in the level and composition of neutral lipids and phospholipids of whole fully grown ovarian oocytes and of enriched fractions in the plasma membrane. In amphibians, the luteinizing hormone (LH) is responsible for meiosis resumption through the induction of progesterone production by follicular cells.The aim of this work was to study the importance of gap junctions in the spontaneous and LH-induced maturation inBufo arenarumoocytes. During the reproductive period,Bufo arenarumoocytes are capable of undergoing spontaneous maturation in a similar way to mammalian oocytes while, during the non-reproductive period, they exhibit the behaviour that is characteristic of amphibian oocytes, requiring progesterone stimulation for meiotic resumption (incapable oocytes).This different ability to mature spontaneously is coincident with differences in the amount and composition of the phospholipids in the oocyte membranes. Capable oocytes exhibit in their membranes higher quantities of phospholipids than incapable oocytes, especially of PC and PI, which are precursors of second messengers such as DAG and IP3.The uncoupling of the gap junctions with 1-octanol or halothane fails to induce maturation in follicles from the non-reproductive period, whose oocytes are incapable of maturing spontaneously. However, if the treatment is performed during the reproductive period, with oocytes capable of undergoing spontaneous maturation, meiosis resumption occurs in high percentages, similar to those obtained by manual defolliculation.Interestingly, results show that LH is capable of inducing GVBD in both incapable oocytes and in oocytes capable of maturing spontaneously as long as follicle cells are present, which would imply the need for a communication pathway between the oocyte and the follicle cells. This possibility was analysed by combining LH treatment with uncoupling agents such as 1-octanol or halothane. Results show that maturation induction with LH requires a cell–cell coupling, as the uncoupling of the gap junctions decreases GVBD percentages. Experiments with LH in the presence of heparin, BAPTA/AM and theophylline suggest that the hormone could induce GVBD by means of the passage of IP3or Ca2+through the gap junctions, which would increase the Ca2+level in the oocyte cytoplasm and activate phosphodiesterase (PDE), thus contributing to the decrease in cAMP levels and allowing meiosis resumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Sánchez Toranzo
- Departamento de Biología del Desarrollo, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Downs
- Biology Department, Marquette University, 503 N 15 St., Milwaukee, WI 53233, USA.
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Reis A, Rooke JA, McCallum GJ, Staines ME, Ewen M, Lomax MA, McEvoy TG. Consequences of exposure to serum, with or without vitamin E supplementation, in terms of the fatty acid content and viability of bovine blastocysts produced in vitro. Reprod Fertil Dev 2003; 15:275-84. [PMID: 14588185 DOI: 10.1071/rd03004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2003] [Accepted: 07/02/2003] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
To determine whether serum supplementation influenced fatty acid content of bovine blastocysts and whether vitamin E addition to culture medium containing serum could improve development in vitro, cleaved eggs were cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid supplemented with bovine serum albumin (BSA, 0.4% w/v, fraction V) (SVBSA), fetal calf serum (FCS, 10% v/v) (SFCS) or FCS (10% v/v) plus 100 μM vitamin E (SFCS + E). Blastocyst yields were recorded and fatty acid composition was determined by gas chromatography. Day 7 blastocysts were incubated with [2-14C] pyruvate for 3 h and then fixed for cell counts. Yields of good quality blastocysts were greatest from cleaved eggs cultured in serum-free conditions (P < 0.01). In the presence of serum, supplementation with vitamin E increased both total and good quality blastocyst yields (P < 0.01). Presence of serum increased fatty acid content (mean ± SEM) of blastocysts (SVBSA v. SFCS = 57 ± 2 v. 74 ± 2 ng embryo−1; P < 0.001). In contrast, pyruvate metabolism was greater in blastocysts produced without serum (27 ± 3 v. 21 ± 3 picomoles embryo−13 h−1; P < 0.01) but, on a per cell basis, no differences were detected. Addition of vitamin E to the serum-supplemented formulation did not alter either the fatty acid content (73 ± 2 ng embryo−1) or pyruvate metabolism index (19 ± 1 pmol embryo−13 h−1) of SFCS + E blastocysts. Thus, despite lipid accumulation, supplementary vitamin E improved blastocyst yields in embryos exposed to serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Reis
- Scottish Agricultural College, Animal Biology Division, Craibstone Estate, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, UK
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8
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Boni R, Cuomo A, Tosti E. Developmental potential in bovine oocytes is related to cumulus-oocyte complex grade, calcium current activity, and calcium stores. Biol Reprod 2002; 66:836-42. [PMID: 11870093 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod66.3.836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
A morphological classification of the immature cumulus-oocyte complex (COC), which grossly resembled the atresia grade of its follicle source, was used in bovine oocytes to determine 1) the developmental potential by either in vitro fertilization or parthenogenetic activation, 2) the calcium current activity by whole-cell voltage clamp technique, and 3) the intracytoplasmic calcium stores by microfluorimetric evaluation. The COC classification took into account some cumulus and ooplasm features, designated as follows: A) presence of a clear and compact cumulus and translucent ooplasm, B) dark and compact cumulus and dark ooplasm, and C) dark and expanded cumulus and dark ooplasm. We found no difference between in vitro fertilization and parthenogenetically activated oocytes in terms of cleavage rate and blastocyst production. Both protocols indicated a significant variability between the three compared COC categories. The B-COCs showed the highest embryo production efficiency as well as the greatest Ca(2+) current activity, whereas A-COCs showed an opposite pattern. The C-COCs, mostly attributed to atretic and heavily atretic follicles, showed morphological characteristics between those of A- and B-COCs. Stores of Ca(2+) were significantly greater in A-COCs than in B- and C-COCs in the case of immature oocytes, and greater in B-COCs than in C-and A-COCs in the case of in vitro-matured oocytes. These results demonstrate that in the bovine 1) the considered morphological criteria for oocyte classification are related to developmental competence, 2) plasma membrane Ca(2+) current in the immature oocyte is related to developmental potential, and 3) calcium stores are related to morphological quality in immature oocytes and to developmental competence in mature oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Boni
- Department of Animal Science, University of Basilicata, 85100 Potenza, Italy.
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9
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Lu Z, Xia G, Zhang J. Protein kinase C, rather than protein kinase A is involved in follicle-stimulating hormone-mediated meiotic resumption of mouse cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes in hypoxanthine-supplemented medium. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2001; 182:225-32. [PMID: 11514057 DOI: 10.1016/s0303-7207(01)00564-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that protein kinase C (PKC) activation participated in the porcine and bovine oocyte maturation, but not in mouse oocyte maturation in vitro. In the present study, the activators and inhibitors of protein kinase A (PKA) (forskolin, CDPKI and MDL-12230A) or PKC (PMA, staurosporine and sphingosine) were used to investigate the in vitro effect of PKA or PKC on spontaneous murine oocyte maturation, oocyte resumption of meiosis from HX inhibiting medium (medium+HX), and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)-induced oocyte maturation. The results showed that when cumulus cell enclosed oocytes (CEOs) or denuded oocytes (DOs) were cultured for 24 h in the medium supplemented with forskolin (5 microM), an activator of adenylate cyclase, the spontaneous oocyte maturation were inhibited. A transient exposure (2 h) to forskolin (2-10 microM) in the medium+HX, and then transferred to a new medium+HX for the further culture, stimulated CEO resumption of meiosis. CDPKI (10(-10)-10(-6) M), an inhibitor of PKA, also stimulated oocyte meiotic maturation of CEO in the medium+HX, but not on DO. However, MDL-12230A (10(-12)-10(-9) M), an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase, did not promote oocyte maturation in HX arrested CEO. CDPKI (10(-10)-10(-6) M) or MDL-12230A (10(-12)-10(-9) M) had no effect on FSH-stimulated oocyte meiotic resumption, except at high doses of CDPKI (10(-7)-10(-6) M) or MDL-12230A (10(-9) M) which inhibited the FSH-induced formation of the first polar body (PB1). An activator of PKC, PMA (10(-11)-10(-7) M) dose-dependently inhibited spontaneous oocyte maturation of CEO or DO. Inhibitors of PKC, staurosporine (10(-9)-10(-6) M) or sphingosine (10(-8)-10(-5) M) induced oocytes in CEOs to resume meiosis in the presence of HX in a dose dependent manner, but had no effect on DOs. FSH (50IU/L) stimulated mouse oocytes in CEOs to override the arrest of HX and resume meiosis, while PMA, at the level of 10(-8)-10(-6) M, dramatically inhibited the stimulatory effect of FSH. These results indicate that PKC or PKA may be implicated in the regulation of mouse oocyte maturation. Thus while sustained high level of cAMP or PKA inhibit the resumption of meiosis, a transient rise in cAMP or PKA levels promotes oocyte maturation. The activation of PKC can also block oocyte meiotic resumption. Thus the inactivation of PKC, instead of the transient rise of PKA activity, appears to be involved in the process of FSH-mediated oocyte meiotic maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Lu
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
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10
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Xia GL, Kikuchi K, Noguchi J, Izaike Y. Short time priming of pig cumulus-oocyte complexes with FSH and forskolin in the presence of hypoxanthine stimulates cumulus cells to secrete a meiosis-activating substance. Theriogenology 2000; 53:1807-15. [PMID: 10968423 DOI: 10.1016/s0093-691x(00)00316-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of forskolin and FSH on pig oocyte maturation when cultured in a maturation inhibiting system. Ovaries from prepubertal gilts were collected at a local slaughterhouse. Oocytes were cultured in a hypoxanthine (HX 4 mM) containing M 199 for 24 or 40 h with or without forskolin and FSH treatment. After the culture, we examined germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar body (PB) formation. Two experiments were designed. (1) Cumulus enclosed oocytes (CEO) were cultured for 24 or 40 h with or without different doses of forskolin and FSH. (2) CEO were primed by forskolin and FSH for different times and then transferred into an HX-medium for a further culture. The total culture period was 24 h. The results revealed that 4 mM HX markedly prevented pig CEO from undergoing GVBD. After 24 and 40 h culture, FSH (50-200 U/L) stimulated oocytes to resume meiosis by overcoming the inhibition of HX. Both GVBD and PB formation were increased (P < 0.002 and 0.01 respectively) after 40 h exposed to FSH. Forskolin showed a biphasic effect on CEO maturation. Within 24 h forskolin, in combination with HX, inhibited oocytes maturation. The GVBD percentage was significantly decreased compared to HX alone group (2% to 20%, P < 0.01), whereas no inhibition was observed after 40 h of culture. The second experiment showed that forskolin (3 microM) and FSH (100 U/L) priming CEO could time-dependently induce oocyte maturation by overriding the inhibition of HX. After 30 and 60 min priming by FSH or forskolin, the GVBD and PB percentage was significantly increased (P < 0.002 and 0.01 respectively). No difference of GVBD percentage was observed between FSH short time priming group and FSH long time presentation group. In conclusion, we found that forskolin and FSH in vitro can stimulate pig cumulus cells to secrete a meiosis-activating substance which induces the oocyte to overcome the inhibition of hypoxanthine and undergo GVBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- G L Xia
- Department of Animal Physiology and Biochemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China
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11
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Abstract
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) has received much attention recently for its positive effects on mammalian oocyte maturation and embryo development and its potential importance in cytoplasmic maturation of oocytes. Calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis in germinal vesicle stage oocytes has also been suggested to play a role in cytoplasmic maturation. This study examined the effects of EGF on Ca2+ mobilization as measured by its efflux from mouse oocytes at three time periods throughout maturation (0-4 hr, 4-8 hr, and 12 hr). Immature cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs) removed from the ovary for less than 4 hr exhibit oscillations in Ca2+ efflux that initiated 5-30 min following EGF stimulation. This response was not observed in COCs matured for 4-8 hr or 12 hr or in unstimulated 0-4 hr COCs. Denuded oocytes and cumulus cells did not show the same response to EGF (8.2 nM and 16.4 nM). Immunohistochemistry for detection of the EGF receptor along with EGF internalization studies showed that receptors are present both on cumulus cells and the oocyte but EGF appears to be internalized mainly by the cumulus cells. These data demonstrate that EGF induces oscillations in Ca2+ efflux in COCs 0-4 hr old and this response is mediated by the cumulus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Hill
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Lederle Graduate Research Center, University of Massachusetts, Amherst 01003, USA
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12
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Su YQ, Xia GL, Byskov AG, Fu GD, Yang CR. Protein kinase C and intracellular calcium are involved in follicle-stimulating hormone-mediated meiotic resumption of cumulus cell-enclosed porcine oocytes in hypoxanthine-supplemented medium. Mol Reprod Dev 1999; 53:51-8. [PMID: 10230816 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2795(199905)53:1<51::aid-mrd6>3.0.co;2-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The present experiments were conducted to examine the hypothesis that follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) can stimulate the hydrolysis of phosphoinositide, generating the intracellular second messengers to activate protein kinase C and mobilizing intracellular calcium, thus inducing oocyte meiotic resumption. Pig cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes (CEO) were cultured for 24 hr in 4 mM hypoxanthine (HX)-supplemented medium and treated with different agents in the following designs: (1) CEO were treated with neomycin (an inhibitor of phosphoinositide hydrolysis) in the presence of FSH or only treated with 7,12-dimethylbenzin(a) anthracene (DMBA, a tumor promoter which can cause phosphorylation of phospholipase C (PLC), formation of inositol triphophate, and mobilization of intracellular calcium) to mimic the direct activation of PLC; (2) CEO were challenged by FSH, together with sphingosine or staurosporine (two kinds of PKC inhibitors); or treated with phorbol myristate acetate (PMA, an activator of PKC) separately; (3) CEO were primed with BAPTA/AM (an intracellular calcium chelator) or BAPTA/AM +FSH for 60 min, and then transferred into a new culture medium supplemented with FSH but without BAPTA/AM; total culture time was 24 hr. At the end of the culture, the incidence of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) was calculated. The results showed that: (1) FSH (100 U/liter) could stimulate pig CEO to override the arrest of HX and resume meiosis; DMBA (10(-8)-10(-5) M) itself also had such a kind of effect; whereas neomycin, at the level of 10-20 mM, could dramatically inhibit the stimulatory effect of FSH. (2) Staurosporine (10(-9)-10(-6) M) or sphingosine (10(-8)-10(-5) M) could also inhibit the effect of FSH in a dose-dependent manner on stimulating CEO to resume meiosis. However, PMA (10(-8)-10(-5) M) alone had a dual effect on the meiotic resumption of pig CEO. PMA, at the level of 10(-8)-10(-6) M, could stimulate CEO to resume meiosis, and at high concentration of 10(-5) M , it could even enhance the inhibitory effect of HX. (3) Priming CEO with BAPTA/AM only or BAPTA/AM +FSH for 60 min could significantly inhibit the effect of FSH in a dose-dependent manner. These results indicate that in the process of ligand-mediated meiotic resumption of pig CEO, FSH can stimulate the hydrolysis of phosphoinositide leading to the activation of PKC and mobilization of intracellular calcium; and suggest that multiple signaling pathways and signal interaction are involved in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Q Su
- College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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13
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Andersen CY, Baltsen M, Byskov AG. Gonadotropin-induced resumption of oocyte meiosis and meiosis-activating sterols. Curr Top Dev Biol 1998; 41:163-85. [PMID: 9784976 DOI: 10.1016/s0070-2153(08)60273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- C Y Andersen
- Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Juliane Marie Centre for Children, Women, and Reproduction, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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Tatemoto H, Terada T. Involvement of cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase in chromatin condensation before germinal vesicle breakdown in bovine oocytes. Anim Reprod Sci 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0378-4320(96)01541-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Roger PP, Reuse S, Maenhaut C, Dumont JE. Multiple facets of the modulation of growth by cAMP. VITAMINS AND HORMONES 1995; 51:59-191. [PMID: 7483330 DOI: 10.1016/s0083-6729(08)61038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P P Roger
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Research, Free University of Brussels, Belgium
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16
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Abstract
The role of calcium in the regulation of both the meiotic and mitotic cell cycles has been the subject of considerable investigation in the nonmammalian field. In contrast, the mechanisms for signalling meiotic maturation in the mammalian oocyte are not as well documented nor as clearly defined. In the mammalian oocyte, calcium is associated with both spontaneous and hormone-induced meiotic maturation. A transient release of endogenously stored calcium precedes germinal vesicle breakdown and can override cyclic AMP maintained meiotic arrest; it thus may signal the resumption of meiosis. Additionally, extracellular calcium is apparently required for meiotic progression past metaphase I. The time sequence for meiotic resumption and progression is very varied between species. The timing of cell cycle protein synthesis during meiosis suggests that cyclins may be expressed in oocytes of some species much earlier in their development than in others. A generic model is proposed for the mechanism for triggering meiotic resumption in the mammalian oocyte. In this model, the critical components of meiotic resumption involve the temporal relationship of cyclin synthesis and the subsequent activation of the MPF complex by the calcium signal generated, which accounts for differences among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Homa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St. Bartholomew's Hospital, West Smithfield, London, England
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17
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Carroll J, Swann K, Whittingham D, Whitaker M. Spatiotemporal dynamics of intracellular [Ca2+]i oscillations during the growth and meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. Development 1994; 120:3507-17. [PMID: 7821218 DOI: 10.1242/dev.120.12.3507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Calcium oscillations occur during meiotic maturation of mouse oocytes. They also trigger activation at fertilization. We have monitored [Ca2+]i in oocytes at different stages of growth and maturation to examine how the calcium release mechanisms alter during oogenesis. Spontaneous calcium oscillations occur every 2–3 minutes in the majority of fully grown (but immature) mouse oocytes released from antral follicles and resuming meiosis. The oscillations last for 2–4 hours after release from the follicle and take the form of global synchronous [Ca2+]i increases throughout the cell. Rapid image acquisition or cooling the bath temperature from 28 degrees C to 16 degrees C did not reveal any wave-like spatial heterogeneity in the [Ca2+]i signal. Calcium appears to reach highest levels in the germinal vesicle but this apparent difference of [Ca2+] in nucleus and cytoplasm is an artifact of dye loading. Smaller, growing immature oocytes are less competent: about 40% are able to resume meiosis and a similar proportion of these oocytes show spontaneous calcium oscillations. [Ca2+]i transients are not seen in oocytes that do not resume meiosis spontaneously in vitro. Nonetheless, these oocytes are capable of [Ca2+]i oscillations since they show them in response to the addition of carbachol or thimerosal. To examine how the properties of calcium release change during meiotic maturation, a calcium-releasing factor from sperm was microinjected into fully grown immature and mature oocytes. The sperm-factor-induced oscillations were about two-fold larger and longer in mature oocytes compared to immature oocytes. Calcium waves travelling at 40–60 microns/second were generated in mature oocytes, but not in immature oocytes. In some mature oocytes, successive calcium waves had different sites of origin. The modifications in the size and spatial organization of calcium transients during oocyte maturation may be a necessary prerequisite for normal fertilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Carroll
- MRC Experimental Embryology and Teratology Unit, St George's Hospital Medical School, London, UK
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Pesty A, Lefèvre B, Kubiak J, Géraud G, Tesarik J, Maro B. Mouse oocyte maturation is affected by lithium via the polyphosphoinositide metabolism and the microtubule network. Mol Reprod Dev 1994; 38:187-99. [PMID: 8080648 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.1080380210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The incubation of mechanically denuded mouse oocytes in medium containing LiCl delayed both germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar body extrusion in a dose-dependent and reversible manner. When myo-inositol alone was added to the culture medium, we observed that it accelerated GVBD and increased the rate of polar body extrusion, whereas, when combined with LiCl, the normal timing of GVBD was recovered. In the same way, when inositol trisphosphate (InsP3) was microinjected into the ooplasma, we observed an important improvement of the rate of GVBD, as compared to control oocytes, and prevention of lithium inhibition. However, neither myo-inositol nor InsP3 were able to rescue totally the oocytes from the negative effect of lithium on polar body extrusion. Moreover, lithium induced some important changes in microtubule and chromosome organizations. Before extrusion of the first polar body, the reduction of the spindle size or the appearance of short individualized chromosomes dispersed around a large aster of microtubules were often observed, whereas, after polar body extrusion, the spindle appeared smaller and chromosomes were often trapped in the midbody. Thus lithium affects mouse oocyte maturation at two different levels: GVBD and polar body extrusion. Whereas the former seems to be affected via polyphosphoinositide turnover, the latter is InsP3-independent and seems to be influenced negatively via underdevelopment of microtubular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pesty
- I.N.S.E.R.M., Clamart, France
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Abstract
Inositol trisphosphate is a second messenger that controls many cellular processes by generating internal calcium signals. It operates through receptors whose molecular and physiological properties closely resemble the calcium-mobilizing ryanodine receptors of muscle. This family of intracellular calcium channels displays the regenerative process of calcium-induced calcium release responsible for the complex spatiotemporal patterns of calcium waves and oscillations. Such a dynamic signalling pathway controls many cellular processes, including fertilization, cell growth, transformation, secretion, smooth muscle contraction, sensory perception and neuronal signalling.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Calcium/metabolism
- Calcium/physiology
- Calcium Channels
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Division
- Cell Transformation, Neoplastic
- Female
- Fertilization
- GTP-Binding Proteins/physiology
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/metabolism
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate/physiology
- Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors
- Male
- Models, Biological
- Neuronal Plasticity
- Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/metabolism
- Receptors, Cell Surface/physiology
- Receptors, Cholinergic/physiology
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear
- Ryanodine/pharmacology
- Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
- Second Messenger Systems
- Signal Transduction
- Synapses/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Berridge
- AFRC Laboratory of Molecular Signalling, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, UK
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Kaufman ML, Homa ST. Defining a role for calcium in the resumption and progression of meiosis in the pig oocyte. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1993; 265:69-76. [PMID: 8384654 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402650110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The role of calcium (Ca++) during spontaneous meiotic maturation of pig oocytes was examined. The hypothesis that elevations of endogenously derived intracellular Ca++ are prerequisite for germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and progression through meiosis was tested. In addition, investigations were carried out to determine whether GVBD and meiotic progression were dependent upon extracellular Ca++ influx. Elevation of endogenously derived Ca++ was inhibited directly by loading cells with BAPTA, a specific Ca++-chelator, or indirectly with neomycin. Extracellular Ca++ influx was prevented by culturing oocytes in Ca(++)-deficient medium, with EGTA, or in the presence of the Ca++ channel blocker verapamil. Pretreatment with BAPTA/AM and subsequent culture in the absence of added exogenous Ca++ resulted in a similar inhibition of GVBD (1 microM BAPTA/AM vs. untreated, P < 0.01). After 4 h following follicular release, oocytes were no longer sensitive to BAPTA/AM treatment. Neomycin also significantly inhibited GVBD (0.5 mM neomycin vs. untreated, P < 0.05) as well as meiotic progression past metaphase I (0.25 mM neomycin vs. untreated, P < 0.05). The incidence of GVBD was not significantly affected when oocytes were simply cultured in Ca++ deficient medium or when cultured in the presence of EGTA or verapamil. However, progression of meiosis past GVBD to metaphase II was suppressed by reducing levels of Ca++ in the culture medium (0.68 mM Ca++ vs. 1.7 mM Ca++, P < 0.05) and by treatment with verapamil (0.25 mM verapamil vs. untreated, P < 0.05). Meiotic progression was completely blocked at metaphase I in the presence of 0.85 mM EGTA.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- M L Kaufman
- Department of Zoology, Arizona State University, Tempe 85287
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Downs SM, Buccione R, Eppig JJ. Modulation of meiotic arrest in mouse oocytes by guanyl nucleotides and modifiers of G-proteins. THE JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL ZOOLOGY 1992; 262:391-404. [PMID: 1320658 DOI: 10.1002/jez.1402620405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Guanyl nucleotide binding-proteins, or G-proteins, are ubiquitous molecules that are involved in cellular signal transduction mechanisms. Because a role has been established for cAMP in meiosis and G-proteins participate in cAMP-generating systems by stimulating or inhibiting adenylate cyclase, the present study was conducted to examine the possible involvement of G-proteins in the resumption of meiotic maturation. Cumulus cell-free mouse oocytes (denuded oocytes) were maintained in meiotic arrest in a transient and dose-dependent manner when microinjected with the nonhydrolyzable GTP analog, GTP gamma S. This effect was specific for GTP gamma S, because GppNHp, GTP, and ATP gamma S were without effect. Three compounds, known to interact with G-proteins, were tested for their ability to modulate meiotic maturation: pertussis toxin, cholera toxin, and aluminum fluoride (AlF4-). Pertussis toxin had little effect on maturation in either cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes or denuded oocytes when meiotic arrest was maintained with dibutyryl cAMP (dbcAMP) or hypoxanthine. Cholera toxin stimulated germinal vesicle breakdown (GVB) in cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes during long-term culture, but its action was inhibitory in denuded oocytes. AlF4- stimulated GVB in both cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes and denuded oocytes when meiotic arrest was maintained with hypoxanthine but was much less effective in dbcAMP-arrested oocytes. In addition, AlF4- abrogated the inhibitory action of cholera toxin in denuded oocytes and also that of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) in cumulus cell-enclosed oocytes. Cholera toxin or FSH alone each stimulated the synthesis of cAMP in oocyte-cumulus cell complexes, whereas pertussis toxin or AlF4- alone were without effect. Both cholera toxin and AlF4- augmented the stimulatory action of FSH on cAMP. These data suggest the involvement of guanyl nucleotides and G-proteins in the regulation of GVB, although different G-proteins and mediators may be involved at the oocyte and cumulus cell levels. Cholera toxin most likely acts by ADP ribosylation of the alpha subunit of Gs and increased generation of cAMP, whereas AlF4- appears to act by antagonizing a cAMP-dependent step.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Downs
- Biology Department, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233
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Carroll J, Swann K. Spontaneous cytosolic calcium oscillations driven by inositol trisphosphate occur during in vitro maturation of mouse oocytes. J Biol Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9258(19)49895-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022] Open
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Stith BJ, Jaynes C, Goalstone M, Silva S. Insulin and progesterone increase 32PO4-labeling of phospholipids and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate mass in Xenopus oocytes. Cell Calcium 1992; 13:341-52. [PMID: 1320459 DOI: 10.1016/0143-4160(92)90069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
After a 4-6 h induction period, insulin or progesterone induces Xenopus oocytes to enter prophase of meiosis. During the period of induction, both insulin and progesterone induced an increase in 32PO4 labeling of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylinositol. Through a mass assay, we found that insulin and progesterone increase inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) at about 15-30 s, 15 min and at about 2-3 h (0.5 GVBD50) after hormone addition. Since IP3 increases were small (from a basal of 66 to 104 nM), the results agree with prior conclusions that progesterone does not induce a large, cytosolic calcium elevation. Insulin is probably acting through the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor as insulin concentrations greater than about 50 nM are required to increase IP3.
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Stith
- Department of Biology, University of Colorado, Denver
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