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Zhang M, Song H, Ma Y, Yang S, Xie F. Preparation of NH 4Cl-Modified Carbon Materials via High-Temperature Calcination and Their Application in the Negative Electrode of Lead-Carbon Batteries. Molecules 2023; 28:5618. [PMID: 37513491 PMCID: PMC10383107 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28145618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The performance of lead-acid batteries could be significantly increased by incorporating carbon materials into the negative electrodes. In this study, a modified carbon material developed via a simple high-temperature calcination method was employed as a negative electrode additive, and we have named it as follows: N-doped chitosan-derived carbon (NCC). The performance of this material was compared with a control battery containing activated carbon (AC). X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy were engaged in analyzing the crystal structure and morphology of the material. Afterwards, the electrochemical and battery performance was examined through cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear voltammetry (LSV) and constant current charge-discharge testing. Markedly, the electrode plate containing 1 wt.% NCC indicates the highest specific capacity (106.48 F g-1) as compared to the control battery, which is 1.56 times higher than the AC electrode plate and 4.75 times higher than the blank electrode plate. The linear voltammetry shows that the hydrogen precipitation current density of the 1 wt.% NCC electrode plate is only -0.028 A cm-2, a much higher value than that of the AC electrode plate. In addition, the simulated battery containing 1 wt.% NCC has a cycle life of 4324 cycles, which is 2.36 times longer than that of the same amount of additive AC battery (1834 cycles) and 5.34 times longer than that of the blank battery (809 cycles). In summary, NCC carbon has the advantage of extending the life of lead-acid batteries, rendering it a promising candidate for lead-acid battery additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Hengshuai Song
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Yujia Ma
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Shaohua Yang
- Anhui Accord Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Huangshan 242700, China
| | - Fazhi Xie
- School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
- School of Environment and Energy Engineering, Anhui Jianzhu University, Hefei 230601, China
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Hu J, Yang F, Lai C, Wang H, Sun J, Zhou H, Ji S, Lei L. Researches on a conductive polyaniline-acetylene black composite to suppress the hydrogen evolution reaction in lead-acid batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-022-05148-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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3
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Fabrication of PbSO4 negative electrode of lead-acid battery with high performance. J Solid State Electrochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-020-04748-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Pérez ML, Herrero-Cortell M. Detection of archaeological forgeries of Iberian lead plates using nanoelectrochemical techniques. The lot of fake plates from Bugarra (Spain). Forensic Sci Int 2015; 247:79-88. [PMID: 25549575 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2014.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2014] [Revised: 11/27/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Identification of forgeries is of considerable interest in studies of archaeological signariums and written Iberian artifacts, elements of capital importance for the knowledge of that culture, because there are many Iberian inscribed lead plate counterfeits circulating in the market and among many museum funds. A case study of identification of forgeries of archaeological lead using voltammetry of microparticles (VMP) and scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), aided by conventional optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM/EDX) is described. The electrochemical methods are essentially non-invasive so can be applied to samples of nanoscopic size. Application to the authentication of five lead plates found in the archaeological site of Los Villaricos-Torralba (Bugarra, Spain) is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Doménech-Carbó
- Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner, 50, 46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
| | - María Teresa Doménech-Carbó
- Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera 14, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Monserrat Lastras Pérez
- Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera 14, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Miquel Herrero-Cortell
- Instituto de Restauración del Patrimonio, Universidad Politécnica de Valencia, Camino de Vera 14, 46022, Valencia, Spain
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Burashnikova MM, Zotova IV, Kazarinov IA. Impedance spectroscopy study of passive layers on the surface of lead-tin and lead-tin-calcium alloys anodically oxidized in 4.8 M sulfuric acid solution. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193513110037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Effects of sodium sulfate as electrolyte additive on electrochemical performance of lead electrode. Chem Res Chin Univ 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-013-2261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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7
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Application of the voltammetry of microparticles for dating archaeological lead using polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1668-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abd El-Rahman H, Salih S, Abd El-Wahab AM. Effect of phosphoric acid on the performance of low antimony grid of Pb-acid cell under constant current charging and discharging. MATERIALWISSENSCHAFT UND WERKSTOFFTECHNIK 2011; 42:784-791. [DOI: 10.1002/mawe.201100770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Ma Y, Yang L, Shen Y, Xie A. Morphology control of anglesite microcrystals with polyhedron: Synthesis, growth mechanism, and optical properties. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A 2011. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036024411080334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Doménech-Carbó A, Doménech-Carbó MT, Peiró-Ronda MA. Dating Archeological Lead Artifacts from Measurement of the Corrosion Content Using the Voltammetry of Microparticles. Anal Chem 2011; 83:5639-44. [PMID: 21604737 DOI: 10.1021/ac200731q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Doménech-Carbó
- Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain
| | - María Teresa Doménech-Carbó
- Institut de Restauració del Patrimoni, Universitat Politécnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022 València, Spain
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Tang L, Li A, Chen H, Li H, Chen Q, Zhou H, Wei W, Zhang W, Hu J, Dou C, Wang H, Finlow D. The electrochemical performances of a novel lead–sodium binary grid alloy for lead-acid batteries. Electrochim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2011.02.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li H, Liu H, Wang Q, Chen H, Ren A, Hu J. Effects of covalently bonded siloxane on the electrochemical and physical behaviour of GEL-VRLA battery. Electrochim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2010.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Aal EAE, Wanees SAE. Kinetics of anodic behaviour of Pb in HCl solutions. CORROSION SCIENCE 2009; 51:458-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2008.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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Rezaei B, Taki M. Effects of tetrabutylammonium hydrogen sulfate as an electrolyte additive on the electrochemical behavior of lead acid battery. J Solid State Electrochem 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-008-0547-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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El-Halim AMA, Fawzy MH, Saty A. Cyclic voltammetric behaviour and some surface characteristics of the lead electrode in aqueous NaBr solutions. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY 2007; 54:237-248. [DOI: 10.1002/jctb.280540306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
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Li D, Zhou G, Zhang J, Zheng M. Investigation on characteristics of anodic film formed on PbCaSnCe alloy in sulfuric acid solution. Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2006.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Czerwiński A, Żelazowska M. Electrochemical behavior of lead deposited on reticulated vitreous carbon. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(95)04507-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Varela F, Codaro E, Vilche J. Computer simulation describing the electroreduction of thin PbO layers formed on Pb in H2SO4 solutions. Electrochim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(94)00321-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Rerolle C, Wiart R. Kinetics of Pb and PbAg anodes for zinc electrowinning—I. Formation of PbSO4 layers at low polarization. Electrochim Acta 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00026-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Veluchamy P, Sharon M, Shimizu M, Minoura H. Electrosynthesis of lead oxide film on a lead electrode in alkaline solution by a potentiodynamic method: Its characterization and photoelectrochemical properties. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)03223-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Varela F, Vilche J, Arvia A. A computer simulation of voltammograms describing the active-passive transition of Pb in sulphuric acid. Electrochim Acta 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(94)80079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Varela F, Vela M, Vilche J, Arvia A. Kinetics and mechanism of PbSO4 electroformation on Pb electrodes in H2SO4 aqueous solutions. Electrochim Acta 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(93)80283-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Guo Y, Yue J, Liu C. The kinetics of the reduction processes of PbO film in H2SO4—VI. Effects of PbSb alloy electrodes. Electrochim Acta 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(93)80223-m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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25
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Electrosynthesis of lead oxide in alkaline solution and its photoelectrochemical properties. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(93)80047-l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Gad Allah A, Abd El-Rahman H, Salih S, Abd El-Galil M. Electrochemical behaviour of some PbSb alloys in sulphuric acid solutions I: Effect of chloride ions. THIN SOLID FILMS 1992; 213:244-250. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-6090(92)90289-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
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28
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Varela F, Gassa L, Vilche J. Kinetics and mechanism of the electroreduction of anodic layers formed on lead in 5 M H2SO4 at 25°C. Electrochim Acta 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(92)85232-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Laihonen S, Laitinen T, Sundholm G, Yli-Pentti A. The anodic behaviour of Sb and PbSb eutectic in sulphuric acid solutions. Electrochim Acta 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(90)85063-s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Effect of Sb on the electrochemical properties of Pb/PbSO4/H2SO4 and Pb/PbO/PbSO4/H2SO4 electrodes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-0728(87)87012-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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31
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Potentiodynamic and cyclic voltammetric behaviour of the lead electrode in H2SO4 solutions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1984. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(84)90159-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Pavlov D. Semiconductor mechanism of the processes during electrochemical oxidation of PbO to PbO2. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1981. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(81)80539-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Processes in solid state at anodic oxidation of a lead electrode in H2SO4 solution and their dependence on the oxide structure and properties. Electrochim Acta 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(78)87005-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Feliu S, Morcillo M. The behaviour of lamellar second phases in a lead matrix under anodic action. Electrochim Acta 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(76)85082-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Afifi S, Edwards W, Hampson N. The formation of lead dioxide electrodes by the planté process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1016/0376-4583(76)90026-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zur passivierung von blei in Schwefelsäure keimbildung und wachstum der PbSO4-Deckschicht. Electrochim Acta 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(74)80027-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Archdale G, Harrison J. The electrochemical dissolution of Pb to form PbSO4 by a solution-precipitation mechanism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1972. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(72)80498-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Carr J, Hampson N, Taylor R. Fast linear sweep voltammetry studies on polycrystalline lead and electrodeposited lead dioxide (α and β) in aqueous sulphuric acid. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1971. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(71)80213-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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