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Yola B, Karaman C, Özcan N, Atar N, Polat İ, Yola M. Electrochemical tau protein immunosensor based on MnS/GO/PANI and magnetite‐incorporated gold nanoparticles. ELECTROANAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202200159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Yola
- Gaziantep Islam Bilim ve Teknoloji Universitesi TURKEY
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2
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Otero TF. Electroactive macromolecular motors as model materials of ectotherm muscles. RSC Adv 2021; 11:21489-21506. [PMID: 35478837 PMCID: PMC9034182 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra02573b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The electrochemical reaction in liquid electrolytes of conducting polymers, carbon nanotubes, graphenes, among other materials, replicates the active components (macromolecular electro-chemical motors, ions and solvent) and volume variation of the sarcomere in any natural muscles during actuation, allowing the development of electro-chemo-mechanical artificial muscles. Materials, reactions and artificial muscles have been used as model materials, model reactions and model devices of the muscles from ectotherm animals. We present in this perspective the experimental results and a quantitative description of the thermal influence on the reaction extension and energetic achievements of those muscular models using different experimental methodologies. By raising the temperature for 40 °C keeping the extension of the muscular movement the cooperative actuation of the macromolecular motors harvest, saving chemical energy, up to 60% of the reaction energy from the thermal environment. The synergic thermal influence on either, the reaction rate (Arrhenius), the conformational movement rates of the motors (ESCR model) and the diffusion coefficients of ions across polymer matrix (WLF equation) can support the physical chemical foundations for the selection by nature of ectotherm muscles. Macromolecular motors act, simultaneously, as electro-chemo-mechanical and thermo-mechanical transducers. Technological and biological perspectives are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toribio Fernández Otero
- Technical University of Cartagena, Laboratory of Electrochemistry, Intelligent Materials and Devices, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Campus Alfonso XIII 30203 Cartagena Spain
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Arroyo J, Akieh-Pirkanniemi M, Lisak G, Latonen RM, Bobacka J. Electrochemically controlled transport of anions across polypyrrole-based membranes. J Memb Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Otero TF. Structural and Conformational Chemistry from Electrochemical Molecular Machines. Replicating Biological Functions. A Review. CHEM REC 2017; 18:788-806. [DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201700059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toribio F. Otero
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry; Intelligent Materials and Devices; Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena; Campus Alfonso XIII 30203 Cartagena Spain
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Otero TF, Beaumont S. The cooperative actuation of multistep electrochemical molecular machines in polypyrrole films senses the imposed energetic conditions: Influence of the potential scan rate. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.11.186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Beaumont S, Otero TF. A Potentiostatic/Galvanostatic Study and Theoretical Description of Polypyrrole Film Electrodes: A Model of the Intracellular Matrix of Ectothermic Muscle Cells. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel Beaumont
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry Intelligent Materials and Devices; Technical University of Cartagena; ETSII. Campus Alfonso XIII. 30203. Cartagena Spain
| | - Toribio F. Otero
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry Intelligent Materials and Devices; Technical University of Cartagena; ETSII. Campus Alfonso XIII. 30203. Cartagena Spain
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Dobashi Y, Fannir A, Farajollahi M, Mahmoudzadeh A, Usgaocar A, Yao D, Nguyen GT, Plesse C, Vidal F, Madden JD. Ion Transport in Polymer Composites with Non-Uniform Distributions of Electronic Conductors. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.06.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Choi D, Zhu C, Fu S, Du D, Engelhard MH, Lin Y. Electrochemically Controlled Ion‐exchange Property of Carbon Nanotubes/Polypyrrole Nanocomposite in Various Electrolyte Solutions. ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daiwon Choi
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999 Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, Pullman Washington 99164-2920 United States
| | - Shaofang Fu
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, Pullman Washington 99164-2920 United States
| | - Dan Du
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, Pullman Washington 99164-2920 United States
| | - Mark H. Engelhard
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999 Richland WA 99352 USA
| | - Yuehe Lin
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory 902 Battelle Boulevard P.O. Box 999 Richland WA 99352 USA
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering Washington State University, Pullman Washington 99164-2920 United States
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Coulovoltammetric and Dynamovoltammetric Responses from Conducting Polymers and Bilayer Muscles as Tools to Identify Reaction-driven Structural Changes. A review. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Optimization on electrode assemblies based on ion-doped polypyrrole/carbon nanotube composite in capacitive deionization process. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2016.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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11
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Qaiser AA. Dual-transmission line modeling of electrochemical processes in polyaniline-cellulose ester composite porous membranes. J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:9686-94. [PMID: 25019172 DOI: 10.1021/jp409692s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The charge transport processes in polyaniline (PANI) composite porous membranes have been elaborated in this study using dual-transmission line impedance model conventionally used for macroscopically homogeneous (nanoporous) membranes. Mixed cellulose ester (ME)-PANI porous membranes were prepared using various in situ chemical polymerization techniques including solution- and vapor-phase polymerizations, and two-compartment cell diaphragmatic polymerization. Each technique yielded different PANI deposition site and content in the membranes. As a result, the modeling of electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data yielded different model parameters that have been correlated with the PANI content and deposition site (i.e., surface layering versus in-bulk deposition) in the membranes. The modeling results showed that PANI deposition enhanced charge transport by shifting the interfacial transfer mechanism at pore walls from simple double layer charging to the charge transfer involving oxidation of PANI molecular chains deposited at the pore walls of the composite membranes. In addition, in-bulk PANI deposition in the membranes by means of two-compartment cell polymerization showed several orders of magnitude faster charge transport as compared to the membranes where PANI deposited only at the surface. This study shows that pore-controlled diffusion in PANI composite porous membranes can be satisfactorily modeled using dual-transmission line model and correlated with PANI deposition site in the membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif A Qaiser
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland , Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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Otero TF. Reactions drive conformations. Biomimetic properties and devices, theoretical description. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:3754-3767. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb20112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Otero TF, Sanchez JJ, Martinez JG. Biomimetic dual sensing-actuators based on conducting polymers. Galvanostatic theoretical model for actuators sensing temperature. J Phys Chem B 2012; 116:5279-90. [PMID: 22455612 DOI: 10.1021/jp300290s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A theoretical model is proposed for the quantitative description of the chronopotentiometric (E-t) responses, under galvanostatic control, of either conducting polymer films or dual sensing-actuating devices. Assuming that the reaction occurs by extraction, or injection, of n consecutive electrons from, or to, a polymer chain the material moves through n consecutive oxidation or reduction states. Stair functions are obtained describing either potential or consumed electrical energy evolutions as a function of both, driving (current) and environmental (temperature, electrolyte concentration...) variables. The current quantifies the actuation of any electrochemical device (charge/discharge of batteries, movement rate, and position of muscles): the stair functions are dual actuating-sensing functions. A good agreement exists between theoretical and experimental results from either polypyrrole films or artificial muscles at different temperatures. Only two connecting wires include, at any time, sensing (potential) and working (current) information of any dual device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toribio F Otero
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, ETSII, Center for Electrochemistry and Intelligent Materials (CEMI), Cartagena, Spain.
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Alam J, Dass LA, Alhoshan MS, Mohammad AW. Advances in Membrane Development Based on Electrically Conducting Polymers. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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15
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Sensing and tactile artificial muscles from reactive materials. SENSORS 2010; 10:2638-74. [PMID: 22319265 PMCID: PMC3274195 DOI: 10.3390/s100402638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2010] [Accepted: 03/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Films of conducting polymers can be oxidized and reduced in a reversible way. Any intermediate oxidation state determines an electrochemical equilibrium. Chemical or physical variables acting on the film may modify the equilibrium potential, so that the film acts as a sensor of the variable. The working potential of polypyrrole/DBSA (Dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid) films, oxidized or reduced under constant currents, changes as a function of the working conditions: electrolyte concentration, temperature or mechanical stress. During oxidation, the reactive material is a sensor of the ambient, the consumed electrical energy being the sensing magnitude. Devices based on any of the electrochemical properties of conducting polymers must act simultaneously as sensors of the working conditions. Artificial muscles, as electrochemical actuators constituted by reactive materials, respond to the ambient conditions during actuation. In this way, they can be used as actuators, sensing the surrounding conditions during actuation. Actuating and sensing signals are simultaneously included by the same two connecting wires.
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Otero TF, Caballero Romero M. Conformational energy from the oxidation kinetics of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films. POLYM INT 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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17
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Li S, Qiu Y, Guo X. Influence of doping anions on the ion exchange behavior of polypyrrole. J Appl Polym Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/app.30721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Qaiser AA, Hyland MM, Patterson DA. Control of Polyaniline Deposition on Microporous Cellulose Ester Membranes by in Situ Chemical Polymerization. J Phys Chem B 2009; 113:14986-93. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9038336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asif A. Qaiser
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Margaret M. Hyland
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Darrell A. Patterson
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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Das I, Agrawal NR, Gupta SK, Gupta SK, Rastogi RP. Fractal Growth Kinetics and Electric Potential Oscillations during Electropolymerization of Pyrrole. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:5296-301. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8064147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ishwar Das
- Chemistry Department, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, India, and St. Andrews College, Gorakhpur-273009, India
| | - Namita R. Agrawal
- Chemistry Department, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, India, and St. Andrews College, Gorakhpur-273009, India
| | - Sanjeev Kumar Gupta
- Chemistry Department, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, India, and St. Andrews College, Gorakhpur-273009, India
| | - Sujeet Kumar Gupta
- Chemistry Department, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, India, and St. Andrews College, Gorakhpur-273009, India
| | - R. P. Rastogi
- Chemistry Department, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273009, India, and St. Andrews College, Gorakhpur-273009, India
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Otero TF, Romero MC. Poly (3, 4-ethylendioxithiophene) (PEDOT) oxidation: activation energy and conformational energy. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/127/1/012016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Otero T, Abadías R. Potentiostatic oxidation of poly(3-methylthiophene): Influence of the prepolarization time at cathodic potentials on the kinetics. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2008.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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22
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Rohwerder M, Michalik A. Conducting polymers for corrosion protection: What makes the difference between failure and success? Electrochim Acta 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2007.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Otero T, Abadías R. Poly(3-methylthiophene) oxidation under chemical control. Rate coefficients change with prepolarization potentials of reduction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Electrochromic films of a methylcarbazole derivative: optimization of polymerization and optical contrast. J Solid State Electrochem 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-007-0346-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Weidlich C, Mangold KM, Jüttner K. Continuous ion exchange process based on polypyrrole as an electrochemically switchable ion exchanger. Electrochim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.02.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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27
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Bergamaski F, Santos M, Nascente P, Bulhões L, Pereira E. Electrochemical behavior of Ni particles modified polypyrrole films studied by EQCN technique. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2005.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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28
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Weidlich C, Mangold KM, Jüttner K. EQCM study of the ion exchange behaviour of polypyrrole with different counterions in different electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2004.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pellegrino J. The use of conducting polymers in membrane-based separations: a review and recent developments. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2003; 984:289-305. [PMID: 12783825 DOI: 10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb06007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
As a material family, pi-conjugated polymers (also known as intrinsically conductive polymers) elicit the possibility of both exploiting the chemical and physical attributes of the polymer for membrane-based separations and incorporating its electronic and electrochemical properties to enhance the separation figures-of-merit. This review article, although by no means comprehensive, provides a current snapshot of the investigations from many research laboratories in the use of conducting polymers for membrane-based separations. The review focuses primarily on polyaniline, polypyrrole, and substituted-polythiophene and includes applications in gas separations, liquid (and/or vapor) separations, and ion separations. Additionally, we discuss the broad challenges and accomplishments in membrane formation from conducting polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Pellegrino
- Santa Fe Science and Technology, Inc., Santa Fe, New Mexico 87507, USA.
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Weidlich C, Mangold KM, Jüttner K. Conducting polymers as ion-exchangers for water purification. Electrochim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Vico S, Carlier V, Buess-Herman C. Spectroelectrochemical study of the influence of anions on the behaviour of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) films. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(99)00326-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Roßberg K, Dunsch L. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy on conducting polymer membranes. Electrochim Acta 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(98)00314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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37
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Electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance and spectroelectrochemical studies of the influence of cations on the formation and electroactivity of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) films in acetonitrile solutions. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(98)00167-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Electron and ion transport in polypyrrole/polystyrenesulfonate composite films. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-0728(98)00224-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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39
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Otero TF, Grande H, Rodríguez J. Role of Conformational Relaxation on the Voltammetric Behavior of Polypyrrole. Experiments and Mathematical Model. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp9714633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. F. Otero
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco, P.O. Box 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - H. Grande
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco, P.O. Box 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - J. Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Electroquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad del País Vasco, P.O. Box 1072, 20080 San Sebastián, Spain
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Yang H, Kwak J. Mass Transport Investigated with the Electrochemical and Electrogravimetric Impedance Techniques. 1. Water Transport in PPy/CuPTS Films. J Phys Chem B 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jp962903d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haesik Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
| | - Juhyoun Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon 305-701, Korea
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Sata T, Yamaguchi T, Matsusaki K. Preparation and Properties of Composite Membranes Composed of Anion-Exchange Membranes and Polypyrrole. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jp961024o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Toshikatsu Sata
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai 2557, Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, 755, Japan
| | - Takanori Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai 2557, Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, 755, Japan
| | - Koji Matsusaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yamaguchi University, Tokiwadai 2557, Ube City, Yamaguchi Prefecture, 755, Japan
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Ehrenbeck C, Jüttner K. Ion conductivity and permselectivity measurements of polypyrrole membranes at variable states of oxidation. Electrochim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0013-4686(95)00500-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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