Differential distribution of type A and B monoamine oxidase in neuronal tissues

Relation between brain monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity and the firing rate of locus coeruleus neurons

Utilizing a specific "low substrate concentration technique", intrasynaptosomal MAO-A and MAO-B activities within the rat brain noradrenaline system were studied. It was found that mainly MAO-A was localized intrasynaptosomally, whereas MAO-B contributed with less than 15% of the total intrasynaptosomal MAO activity, a phenomenon that was also observed within the central dopamine system. It is suggested that the intrasynaptosomal pool of MAO in the noradrenaline and the dopamine systems may reflect the density of innervation of the respective system throughout the brain. In addition, the effects of various selective monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors on the noradrenergic intrasynaptosomal MAO activity as well as on the neuronal firing rate of noradrenaline containing cells in the locus coeruleus (LC) were investigated. Pretreatment with the MAO-A selective inhibitors clorgyline (10 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h) or (+)-FLA 336 (1 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h) caused a significant depression (40%) of mean spontaneous firing rate of LC neurones, randomly encountered throughout the LC. The MAO-B selective inhibitor pargyline (10 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h) was found to lack effect in this regard. However, pretreatment with (-)-deprenyl (10 mg/kg, i.p., 1 h), equally a selective MAO-B inhibitor, markedly suppressed the spontaneous firing rate of LC units. This inhibition by (-)-deprenyl was blocked by pretreatment with SK&F 525 A (50 mg/kg, i.p., 30 min), an inhibitor of microsomal drug metabolizing enzymes. Thus, the depression of LC units by (-)-deprenyl seems to be executed by a metabolite, e.g. l-amphetamine.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)