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Sun J, Tian X, Feng P, Gong S, Yuan Y. Preparation of low-allergen natural rubber latex by transglutaminase catalysis. J Appl Polym Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/app.38963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Johns J, Nakason C, Thitithammawong A, Klinpituksa P. METHOD TO VULCANIZE NATURAL RUBBER FROM MEDIUM AMMONIA LATEX BY USING GLUTARALDEHYDE. RUBBER CHEMISTRY AND TECHNOLOGY 2012. [DOI: 10.5254/rct.12.88920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
A novel and inexpensive method for vulcanizing natural rubber by using glutaraldehyde was introduced. The vulcanized rubber samples were prepared by adding various amounts of glutaraldehyde to medium ammonia natural rubber latex. Cross-linking reaction occurred only in the presence of ammonium hydroxide in natural rubber latex upon the addition of glutaraldehyde. Cross-linked rubber has been obtained by reacting natural rubber with pentane-1,5-diylidenediamine formed from the reaction between glutaraldehyde and ammonia. The vulcanized materials were characterized by mechanical analysis and thermogravimetry. The results revealed an improvement in mechanical and thermal properties by vulcanization. Activation energy of degradation has been calculated using the Horowitz-Metzger equation. The cross-link density of the vulcanized rubber was determined from swelling experiments in benzene. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been employed to confirm the cross-linking reaction between rubber molecules. From the overall characterizations, natural rubber vulcanized with 12 mL of 10% glutaraldehyde exhibited better properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jobish Johns
- Center of Excellence in Natural Rubber Technology, Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, Thailand
| | - Charoen Nakason
- Center of Excellence in Natural Rubber Technology, Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, Thailand
| | - Anoma Thitithammawong
- Center of Excellence in Natural Rubber Technology, Department of Rubber Technology and Polymer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, Thailand
| | - Pairote Klinpituksa
- Department of Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Pattani, Thailand
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Cai Y, Li SD, Li CP, Li PW, Wang C, Lv MZ, Xu K. Thermal degradations of chlorinated natural rubber from latex and chlorinated natural rubber from solution. J Appl Polym Sci 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/app.26531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Yu HP, Li SD, Zhong JP, Xu K. Effects of stearates on the thermal stability of chlorinated natural rubber from latex. J Appl Polym Sci 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/app.22733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhong JP, Li SD, Yu HP, Wei YC, Peng Z, Qu JL, Guo CK. Thermooxidative decomposition and its kinetics on chlorinated natural rubber from latex. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.1554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Li SD, Cheung MK, Zhong JP, Yu HP. Effect of atmosphere on the thermal decomposition of chlorinated natural rubber from latex. J Appl Polym Sci 2001. [DOI: 10.1002/app.2110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Cataldo F. Preparation and structure of chlorinated and brominated derivatives of polyphenylacetylene. Eur Polym J 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-3057(92)90141-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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