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Nagy N, Hádinger N, Tóth O, Rácz GA, Pintér T, Gál Z, Urbán M, Gócza E, Hiripi L, Acsády L, Vértessy BG. Characterization of dUTPase expression in mouse postnatal development and adult neurogenesis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13139. [PMID: 38849394 PMCID: PMC11161619 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63405-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The enzyme dUTPase has an essential role in maintaining genomic integrity. In mouse, nuclear and mitochondrial isoforms of the enzyme have been described. Here we present the isoform-specific mRNA expression levels in different murine organs during development using RT-qPCR. In this study, we analyzed organs of 14.5-day embryos and of postnatal 2-, 4-, 10-week- and 13-month-old mice. We demonstrate organ-, sex- and developmental stage-specific differences in the mRNA expression levels of both isoforms. We found high mRNA expression level of the nuclear isoform in the embryo brain, and the expression level remained relatively high in the adult brain as well. This was surprising, since dUTPase is known to play an important role in proliferating cells, and mass production of neural cells is completed by adulthood. Thus, we investigated the pattern of the dUTPase protein expression specifically in the adult brain with immunostaining and found that dUTPase is present in the germinative zones, the subventricular and the subgranular zones, where neurogenesis occurs and in the rostral migratory stream where neuroblasts migrate to the olfactory bulb. These novel findings suggest that dUTPase may have a role in cell differentiation and indicate that accurate dTTP biosynthesis can be vital, especially in neurogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolett Nagy
- Doctoral School of Biology, Institute of Biology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/C, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
| | - Nóra Hádinger
- Laboratory of Thalamus Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HUN-REN, Szigony utca 43, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Otília Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, BME Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Attila Rácz
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, BME Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tímea Pintér
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Gál
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Martin Urbán
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - Elen Gócza
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
| | - László Hiripi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Szent-Györgyi Albert utca 4, 2100, Gödöllő, Hungary
- Laboratory Animal Science Coordination Center, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary
| | - László Acsády
- Laboratory of Thalamus Research, Institute of Experimental Medicine, HUN-REN, Szigony utca 43, 1083, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Beáta G Vértessy
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, HUN-REN, Magyar tudósok körútja 2, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.
- Department of Applied Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Faculty of Chemical Technology and Biotechnology, BME Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Műegyetem rkp. 3, 1111, Budapest, Hungary.
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Com E, Evrard B, Roepstorff P, Aubry F, Pineau C. New insights into the rat spermatogonial proteome: identification of 156 additional proteins. Mol Cell Proteomics 2003; 2:248-61. [PMID: 12754304 DOI: 10.1074/mcp.m300010-mcp200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the essential role played by spermatogonia in testicular function, little is known about these cells. To improve our understanding of their biology, our group recently identified a set of 53 spermatogonial proteins using two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. To continue this work, we investigated a subset of the spermatogonial proteome using narrow range immobilized pH gradients to favor the detection of less abundant proteins. A 2-D reference map of spermatogonia in the pH range 4-9 was created, and protein entities fractionated in a pH 5-6 2-D gel were further processed for protein identification. A new set of 156 polypeptides was identified by peptide mass fingerprinting and tandem mass spectrometry. These polypeptides corresponded to 102 different proteins, which reflect the complexity of post-translational modifications. Seventy-nine of these proteins were identified for the first time in spermatogonia. All identified proteins were classified into functional groups. This work represents a first step toward the establishment of a systematic spermatogonia protein database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Com
- GERM-INSERM U.435, Campus de Beaulieu, Université de Rennes I, 35042 Rennes Cedex, Bretagne, France
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Mazzarello P, Focher F, Verri A, Spadari S. Misincorporation of uracil into DNA as possible contributor to neuronal aging and abiotrophy. Int J Neurosci 1990; 50:169-74. [PMID: 2265895 DOI: 10.3109/00207459008987169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Neuronal aging and abiotrophy may be related to the abnormal presence of uracil in DNA. Evidence which could support this hypothesis exists: 1) DNA polymerase beta, the only nuclear DNA polymerase present in adult neurons which is able to repair damaged DNA, incorporates dUTP or dTTP with the same efficiency. This suggests that in adult neurons the incorporation of dUTP into DNA is solely dependent on the relative intracellular concentration of dUTP; 2) uracil into DNA also arises from cytosine deamination; 3) at birth, when neurons stop proliferating, uracil DNA-glycosylase, the enzyme responsible of the removal of uracil from DNA, nearly disappears; 4) a significant replacement of thymine by uracil in DNA could produce genetic instability which in turn could affect the recognition of DNA sequences by enzymes and/or by regulatory DNA binding proteins. Thus enzymatic defects which might alter the intracellular dUTP pool, in different neuronal systems, could account for the multiplicity of the clinical manifestations of aging and neurodegenerative disorders. The increase of the age-specific rate of abiotrophic diseases may be due to accumulation with time of uracil containing DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Mazzarello
- Clinica Neurologica I, Università di Milano, Italy
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Orlando P, Geremia R, Frusciante C, Grippo P. Replicating premeiotic germ cells of the mouse contain a novel DNA primase stimulatory factor. CELL DIFFERENTIATION AND DEVELOPMENT : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGISTS 1989; 27:129-36. [PMID: 2766046 DOI: 10.1016/0922-3371(89)90742-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A protein factor that stimulates DNA primase activity associated with DNA polymerase alpha has been identified in mouse germ cell populations enriched in spermatogonia and preleptotene spermatocytes. The partially purified factor enhances DNA primase activity from homologous cell types as well as DNA primase activity from Xenopus laevis oocytes in a poly dT or M 13 directed reaction. The factor does not stimulate DNA polymerase alpha activity in a gapped salmon sperm or poly dT-rA directed reaction. The DNA primase stimulating factor is identified in a male mouse germ cell population enriched in premeiotic cells; it is not detectable in middle-late pachytene spermatocytes, spermatids, Sertoli cells or fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orlando
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Enzymology, Naples, Italy
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Fujisawa M, Yoshida S, Kojima K, Kamidono S. Biochemical changes in testicular varicocele. ARCHIVES OF ANDROLOGY 1989; 22:149-59. [PMID: 2665680 DOI: 10.3109/01485018908986765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The precise mechanism of the hypospermatogenesis associated with varicocele has remained uncertain, although there have been a number of speculations on the etiology of the associated infertility. The altered spermatogenesis has been attributed to the reflux of toxic metabolites from either adrenal or renal origin, disturbed hormone status, spermatic venous hypertension, testicular hypoxia secondary to stasis, and abnormal temperature regulation. However, the biochemical changes of the testicular tissue with varicocele have been only partially explored. This overview includes the available information on the biochemical change in the testes associated with varicocele as well as the introduction of basic biochemical aspects on the testes, which may give new insights into the possible pathophysiological mechanism of male infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fujisawa
- Department of Urology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Japan
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Abstract
The expression of the DNA base-excision-repair enzyme uracil-DNA glycosylase in the human hematopoietic system followed a tightly regulated pattern: high enzyme activities were recorded in proliferating bone marrow progenitor cells and in peripheral blood T- and B-cells, both groups of cells requiring the integrity of their genetic information for their proper function. The blood quiescent immunocompetent cells retained their DNA-uracil exclusion capacity, even in the oldest age groups. Peripheral blood mature end cells, granulocytes, platelets and red cells had little activity, consistent with the fact that these cells are anuclear or short-lived, so that no template-primer functions of their DNA are required. Uracil-DNA glycosylase expression is high in all types of human leukemia, providing a selective advantage for survival of leukemic cells. Overall results show that a deficiency of this DNA base-excision-repair pathway is not likely to be an etiopathogenetic factor in the formation of non-random or other chromosomal abnormalities or in the leukemogenesis itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Vilpo
- Laboratory of Molecular Hematology, Biocenter, Oulu, Finland
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Orlando P, Geremia R, Frusciante C, Tedeschi B, Grippo P. DNA repair synthesis in mouse spermatogenesis involves DNA polymerase beta activity. CELL DIFFERENTIATION 1988; 23:221-30. [PMID: 3132329 DOI: 10.1016/0045-6039(88)90075-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of DNA polymerase alpha-DNA primase complex and DNA polymerase beta in DNA replication and ultraviolet-induced DNA repair synthesis has been analyzed in mouse spermatogenesis. Autoradiographic experiments with germ cells in culture, indicating an involvement of DNA polymerase alpha and/or delta in DNA replication, and of DNA polymerase beta in DNA repair synthesis, have been confirmed by studying partially purified enzymes. These findings support the idea that, different from other biological systems, in meiotic and post meiotic male mouse germ cells DNA polymerase beta is the main DNA polymerase form needed for DNA repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Orlando
- Institute of Protein Biochemistry and Enzymology, Naples, Italy
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Harris AL. DNA repair: relationship to drug and radiation resistance, metastasis and growth factors. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY AND RELATED STUDIES IN PHYSICS, CHEMISTRY, AND MEDICINE 1985; 48:675-90. [PMID: 3932243 DOI: 10.1080/09553008514551781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA repair mechanisms are important for the recovery of both normal and malignant tissues from radiation and chemotherapy. Drug 'resistance' may merely reflect the similarity of cancer to normal tissues. Investigating the normal repair mechanisms by cloning human DNA repair genes will permit a much better comparison. Therapeutic inhibition of DNA repair may be possible with poly-ADP-ribose polymerase inhibitors. A differential effect may be obtained since less-differentiated cells have a higher poly-ADP-ribose polymerase activity. Clinical application of repair inhibitors can be achieved by using antimetabolites such as high-dose hydroxyurea which produces levels of 1-3 mmol litre -1/24 hours. The whole cell and tissue response to DNA damage is more complex than removal of adducts and joining strand breaks. DNA damage can result in an increase in growth-factor receptors, the release of soluble mediators that affect undamaged cells and stimulation of plasminogen activator. These changes may enhance growth and recovery as well as bypass or repair the damage. The generation of heterogeneity in a tumour population may be mediated by DNA rearrangements. Genetic instability is much higher in metastatic clones and a comparison of DNA strand-break repair in a metastatic and a non-metastatic line showed more rapid repair in the former. Aberrant use of DNA repair stimulated by growth factors may mediate tumour progression and heterogeneity as well as drug resistance.
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