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Mathis P, Nabedryk E, Verméglio A. Tribute in memory of Jacques Breton (1942-2018). PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2019; 140:263-274. [PMID: 30712213 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-019-00618-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Jacques Breton spent his 39 years of professional life at Saclay, a center of the French Atomic Energy Commission. He studied photosynthesis with various advanced biophysical tools, often developed by himself and his numerous coworkers, obtaining a large number of new information on the structure and the functioning of antenna and of reaction centers of plants and bacteria: excitation migration in the antenna, orientation of molecules, rate of primary reactions, binding of pigments and electron transfer cofactors. Although it is much too short to illustrate his impressive work, we hope that this contribution will help maintaining the souvenir of Jacques Breton as an active and enthusiastic person, full of qualities, devoted to research and to his family as well. We include personal comments from N. E. Geacintov, A. Dobek, W. Leibl, M. Vos and W. W. Parson.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Mathis
- Section de Bioénergétique, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Eliane Nabedryk
- Service de Bioénergétique Biologie Structurale et Mécanismes, CEA Saclay, 91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - André Verméglio
- Laboratoire de Bioénergétique Cellulaire, CEA Cadarache, 13108, Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
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Diner BA, Rappaport F. Structure, dynamics, and energetics of the primary photochemistry of photosystem II of oxygenic photosynthesis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2002; 53:551-80. [PMID: 12221988 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.arplant.53.100301.135238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in two-dimensional and three-dimensional electron and X-ray crystallography of Photosystem II (PSII) core complexes has led to major advances in the structural definition of this integral membrane protein complex. Despite the overall structural and kinetic similarity of the PSII reaction centers to their purple non-sulfur photosynthetic bacterial homologues, the different cofactors and subtle differences in their spatial arrangement result in significant differences in the energetics and mechanism of primary charge separation. In this review we discuss some of the recent spectroscopic, structural, and mutagenic work on the primary and secondary electron transfer reactions in PSII, stressing what is experimentally novel, what new insights have appeared, and where questions of interpretation remain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruce A Diner
- CR&D, Experimental Station, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co., Wilmington, Delaware 19880-0173, USA.
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Breton J. The 695 nm fluorescence (F
695
) of chloroplasts at low temperature is emitted from the primary acceptor of photosystem II. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)81002-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ganago IB, Klimov VV, Ganago AO, Shuvalov VA, Erokhin YE. Linear dichroism and orientation of pheophytin, the intermediary electron acceptor in photosystem II reaction centers. FEBS Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(82)80536-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Diner BA. Amino acid residues involved in the coordination and assembly of the manganese cluster of photosystem II. Proton-coupled electron transport of the redox-active tyrosines and its relationship to water oxidation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2001; 1503:147-63. [PMID: 11115631 DOI: 10.1016/s0005-2728(00)00220-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The combination of site-directed mutagenesis, isotopic labeling, new magnetic resonance techniques and optical spectroscopic methods have provided new insights into cofactor coordination and into the mechanism of electron transport and proton-coupled electron transport in photosystem II. Site-directed mutations in the D1 polypeptide of this photosystem have implicated a number of histidine and carboxylate residues in the coordination and assembly of the manganese cluster, responsible for photosynthetic water oxidation. Many of these are located in the carboxy-terminal region of this polypeptide close to the processing site involved in its maturation. This maturation is a required precondition for cluster assembly. Recent proposals for the mechanism of water oxidation have directly implicated redox-active tyrosine Y(Z) in this mechanism and have emphasized the importance of the coupling of proton and electron transfer in the reduction of Y(Z)(radical) by the Mn cluster. The interaction of both homologous redox-active tyrosines Y(Z) and Y(D) with their respective homologous proton acceptors is discussed in an effort to better understand the significance of such coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- B A Diner
- CR&D, Experimental Station, E.I. du Pont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington DE 19880-0173, USA.
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van der Vos R, van Leeuwen PJ, Braun P, Hoff AJ. Analysis of the optical absorbance spectra of D1-D2-cytochrome b-559 complexes by absorbance-detected magnetic resonance. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(92)90008-p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Moll F, Cross TA. Optimizing and characterizing alignment of oriented lipid bilayers containing gramicidin D. Biophys J 1990; 57:351-62. [PMID: 1690576 PMCID: PMC1280675 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(90)82536-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
31P NMR spectroscopy and optical microscopy have been used to characterize samples of gramicidin D in oriented lipid bilayers. Correlations have been made between the defect structures observed under crossed polarizers by optical microscopy and characteristic features of 31P NMR spectra. The sample preparation protocol has been improved using these techniques to achieve minimal dispersion of the bilayer normal and minimal amounts of unoriented sample. The molar ratio of gramicidin to dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine, the extent of hydration, and the cosolubilizing solvent system were used as the protocol variables. While hydration level and solvent system had profound effects on the sample orientation the molar ratio did not. However, the 31P chemical shift anisotropy is very sensitive to the molar ratio and can be used as an in situ method for determining the molar ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Moll
- Department of Chemistry, Florida State University, Tallahassee 32306-3006
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Orientation of the Pheophytin Primary Electron Acceptor and of the Cytochrome B559 in the D1D2 Photosystem II Reaction Center. THE JERUSALEM SYMPOSIA ON QUANTUM CHEMISTRY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 1990. [DOI: 10.1007/978-94-009-0489-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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van Dorssen R, Breton J, Plijter J, Satoh K, van Gorkom H, Amesz J. Spectroscopic properties of the reaction center and of the 47 kDa chlorophyll protein of Photosystem II. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90048-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 129] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Breton J, Katoh S. Orientation of the pigments in Photosystem II: low-temperature linear-dichroism study of a core particle and of its chlorophyll-protein subunits isolated from Synechococcus sp. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1987. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(87)90252-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Tapie P, Choquet Y, Wollman FA, Diner B, Breton J. Orientation of the pigments in Photosystem II: A low-temperature linear dichroism and polarized fluorescence emission study of chlorophyll-protein complexes isolated from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(86)90020-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Orientation of EPR signals arising from components in Photosystem II membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(85)90122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Garab GI, Kiss JG, Mustárdy LA, Michel-Villaz M. Orientation of emitting dipoles of chlorophyll A in thylakoids: considerations on the orientation factor in vivo. Biophys J 1981; 34:423-37. [PMID: 7248470 PMCID: PMC1327485 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(81)84860-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Orientation angles of five emitting dipoles of chlorophyll a in thylakoids were estimated from low temperature fluorescence polarization ratio spectra of magnetically oriented chloroplasts. A simple expression is given also for the evaluation of data from linear dichroism measurements. It is shown that the Qy dipoles of chlorophylls lie more in the plane of the membranes and span a larger angular interval than was previously thought. Values for the orientation factor are calculated using various models corresponding to different degrees of local order of the Qy dipoles of chlorophylls in the thylakoid. We show that the characteristic orientation pattern of the Qy dipoles of chlorophylls in the membrane, i.e., increasing dichroism toward longer wavelengths, may favour energy transfer between the antenna chlorophylls as well as funnel the excitation energy into the reaction centers.
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Garab GI, Sundqvist C, Mustárdy LA, Faludi-Dániel Á. ORIENTATION OF SHORT WAVELENGTH AND LONG WAVELENGTH PROTOCHLOROPHYLL SPECIES IN GREENING CHLOROPLASTS. Photochem Photobiol 1980. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.1980.tb03734.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Witt HT. Energy conversion in the functional membrane of photosynthesis. Analysis by light pulse and electric pulse methods. The central role of the electric field. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1979; 505:355-427. [PMID: 35227 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4173(79)90008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 458] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Breton J, Geacintov NE. Chlorophyll orientation and exciton migration in the photosynthetic membrane. CIBA FOUNDATION SYMPOSIUM 1978:217-36. [PMID: 256531 DOI: 10.1002/9780470720431.ch12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Measurements of the linear dichroism and of the polarization of the fluorescence with oriented chloroplasts have revealed a definite orientation of the pigment molecules with respect to the membrane plane. The Qy transition moments of the chlorophyll a molecules are more closely inclined with respect to this plane for the forms absorbing at longer wavelengths than for those absorbing at shorter wavelengths. The fluorescence depolarization by energy transfer, determined with magnetically-oriented chloroplasts, indicates that the degree of local order increases with wavelength for the different (absorption wavelength) forms of chlorophyll a in vivo. Laser pulses of either picosecond or microsecond duration have been used to probe the emission spectrum, lifetime and quantum yield of fluorescence of chloroplasts at various temperatures. With single picosecond pulses, singlet-singlet annihilations occur within the light-harvesting chlorophyll molecules. In the case of microsecond pulses, triplet excitions act as efficient quenchers of the singlets. By monitoring both the yield of carotenoid triplets and of the fluorescence during and after a laser flash, one can show that the carotenoid triplets account for part of but not all the fluorescence quenching.
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Chapados C, Leblanc RM. Aggregation of chlorophylls in monolayers. Infrared study of chlorophyll a in a mono- and multilayer arrays. Chem Phys Lett 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(77)80470-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Neugebauer DC, Blaurock AE. Magnetic orientation of purple membranes demonstrated by optical measurements and neutron scattering. FEBS Lett 1977; 78:31-5. [PMID: 872938 DOI: 10.1016/0014-5793(77)80266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Breton J. Dichroism of transient absorbance changes in the red spectral region using oriented chloroplasts. II. P-700 absorbance changes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 459:66-75. [PMID: 831784 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(77)90009-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The light induced transient absorbance changes associated with the trap of photosystem I have been studied using magnetically oriented spinach chloroplasts and a polarized measuring beam. The deltaA spectra for the two polarization parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the photosynthetic membranes have been recorded in the spectral range 630-850 nm. A dichroic ratio greater than two is observed both in the main band around 700 nm and in the radical cation band around 810 nm, leading to the conclusion that the far-red transition moment of the P-700 dimeric species is lying almost parallel to the membrane plane. Dichroic ratios smaller than one are reported in the 650-670 nm band of the delta A spectrum. The possible attribution of this band to excitonic interactions in the dimers favors the hypothesis of a tilting out of the membrane plane of this transition. This finding ruled out an orientation parallel to the membrane plane of the two chlorophyll molecules constituting the P-700 phototrap. A small residual transient absorbance change is observed in the absence artificial electron acceptor. Its spectrum shows significant differences as compared to the normal P-700 spectrum: the magnitude of the signal at 700 nm is only 15-25% of the normal signal, the half-band width of the band around 700 nm is nearly twice as large and the dichroic ratio in the band is only 1.5 +/- 0.1. In the presence of ferricyanide, this signal is still observed both for intact and osmotically broken chloroplasts, suggesting a heterogeneity in the population of traps in Photosystem I.
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Breton J, Paillotin G. Dichroism of transient absorbance changes in the red spectral region using oriented chloroplasts. I. Field indicating absorbance changes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1977; 459:58-65. [PMID: 831783 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2728(77)90008-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The light-induced transient absorbance changes which are affected by valinomycin have been studied using magnetically oriented spinach chloroplasts and a polarized measuring beam. The delta A spectra for the two polarizations parallel and perpendicular to the plane of the photosynthetic membranes have been recorded in the spectral range 630-750 nm. Large polarization effects are found in all the bands of the delta A spectrum, shifts in the position of the extrema are observed and the two features with available data on the dichroism of the Stark effect on monomolecular hypothesis of the electrochromic nature of these absorbance changes in vivo. The data on this electrochromic effect can be correlated with the linear dichorism of oriented chloroplasts and the (see article) spectrum in the 645-655 nm region gives further evidence of the orientation out of the membrane plane of the red transition moment of chlorophyll b.
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Garab GI, Breton J. Polarized light spectroscopy on oriented spinach chloroplasts fluorescence emission at low temperature. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1976; 71:1095-102. [PMID: 971301 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(76)90766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Vermeglio A, Breton J, Mathis P. Trapping at low temperature of oriented chloroplasts: application to the study of antenna pigments and of the trap of photosystem-1. JOURNAL OF SUPRAMOLECULAR STRUCTURE 1976; 5:109-17. [PMID: 1003967 DOI: 10.1002/jss.400050202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A technique is described for the preparation of oriented samples from spinach chloroplasts whose linear dichroism is then studied by (flash) absorption spectroscopy. The chloroplasts are suspended in a glycerol-containing medium, oriented in a magnetic field, and slowly cooled in the magnet until the medium is rigid enough to avoid disorientation effects. The absorption spectra in polarized light have been measured at -50 degrees and -170 degrees C. They allow the orientation of chlorophyll b to be resolved, and the red transition moment is found to be tilted out of the membrane plane. A study of the flash-induced absorption changes linked to Photosystem-1 activity reveals a progressive evolution of the difference spectra and of the linear dichroism with decreasing temperatures. At -170 degrees C, the difference spectrum of P700 in the red is well resolved. All transition moments are found to be largely parallel to the membrane plane. The potential use of the technique for other experiments by differential absorption spectroscopy and by EPR techniques is discussed.
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