1
|
Sun XY, Yu XL, Zhu J, Li LJ, Zhang L, Huang YR, Liu DQ, Ji M, Sun X, Zhang LX, Zhou WW, Zhang D, Jiao J, Liu RT. Fc effector of anti-Aβ antibody induces synapse loss and cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease-like mouse model. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:30. [PMID: 36693826 PMCID: PMC9873795 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-022-01273-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Passive immunotherapy is one of the most promising interventions for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, almost all immune-modulating strategies fail in clinical trials with unclear causes although they attenuate neuropathology and cognitive deficits in AD animal models. Here, we showed that Aβ-targeting antibodies including their lgG1 and lgG4 subtypes induced microglial engulfment of neuronal synapses by activating CR3 or FcγRIIb via the complex of Aβ, antibody, and complement. Notably, anti-Aβ antibodies without Fc fragment, or with blockage of CR3 or FcγRIIb, did not exert these adverse effects. Consistently, Aβ-targeting antibodies, but not their Fab fragments, significantly induced acute microglial synapse removal and rapidly exacerbated cognitive deficits and neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 mice post-treatment, whereas the memory impairments in mice were gradually rescued thereafter. Since the recovery rate of synapses in humans is much lower than that in mice, our findings may clarify the variances in the preclinical and clinical studies assessing AD immunotherapies. Therefore, Aβ-targeting antibodies lack of Fc fragment, or with reduced Fc effector function, may not induce microglial synaptic pruning, providing a safer and more efficient therapeutic alternative for passive immunotherapy for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-ying Sun
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Xiao-lin Yu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Jie Zhu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Ling-jie Li
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Lun Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Ya-ru Huang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.410726.60000 0004 1797 8419School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, 100049 China
| | - Dong-qun Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Mei Ji
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Xun Sun
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Ling-xiao Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Wei-wei Zhou
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| | - Dongming Zhang
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Jianwei Jiao
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101 China
| | - Rui-tian Liu
- grid.9227.e0000000119573309State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China ,grid.9227.e0000000119573309Innovation Academy for Green Manufacture Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190 China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sim RB, Porter RR, Reid KB, Gigli I. The structure and enzymic activities of the C1r and C1s subcomponents of C1, the first component of human serum complement. Biochem J 1977; 163:219-27. [PMID: 869924 PMCID: PMC1164687 DOI: 10.1042/bj1630219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The subcomponents C1r and C1s and their activated forms C-1r and C-1s were each found to have mol.wts. in dissociating solvents of about 83000. The amino acid compositions of each were similar, but there were significant differences in the monosaccharide analyses of subcomponents C1r and C1s, whether activated or not. Subcomponents C1r and C1s have only one polypeptide chain, but subcomponents C-1r and C-1s each contain two peptide chains of approx. mol.wts. 56000 ("a" chain) and 27000 ("b" chain). The amino acid analyses of the "a" chains from each activated subcomponent are similar, as are those of the "b" chains. The N-terminal amino acid sequence of 29 residues of the C-1s "a" chain was determined, but the C-1r "a" chain has blocked N-terminal amino acid. The 20 N-terminal residues of both "b" chains are similar, but not identical, and both show obvious homology with other serine proteinases. The difference in polysaccharide content of the subcomponents C-1r and C-1s is most marked in the 'b' chains. When tested on synthetic amino acid esters, subcomponent C-1r hydrolysed both lysine and tyrosine ester bonds, but subcomponent C-1r did not hydrolyse any amino acid esters tested nor any protein substrate except subcomponent C1s. The lysine esterase activity of subcomponent C1s provides a rapid and sensitive assay of the subcomponent.
Collapse
|