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Yamada T, Komatsu T. Protein-Porphyrin Complex Photosensitizers for Anticancer and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapies. ChemMedChem 2023; 18:e202300373. [PMID: 37821798 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202300373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficiently induces apoptosis through visible-light irradiation of photosensitizers (PSs) within tumors and microbial cells. Porphyrin analogues serve as widely utilized photosensitizing agents with their therapeutic abilities being governed by molecular structures and central metal ions. However, these macrocyclic compounds tend to agglutinate and form stacks in aqueous environments, resulting in a loss of photochemical activity. To overcome this limitation, encapsulation within liposomes and polymer micelles enables the dispersion of porphyrins as monomolecular entities in aqueous solutions, preventing undesirable deactivation. Recently, the use of reconstituted hemoproteins containing various metal-porphyrins and protein cages incorporating porphyrins has garnered significant interest as a new generation of biocompatible PSs. In this concept paper, we provide a comprehensive review of recent developments and trends of protein-porphyrin complex PSs for applications in anticancer and antimicrobial PDTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
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Yamada T, Morita Y, Takada R, Funamoto M, Okamoto W, Kohno M, Komatsu T. Zinc Substituted Myoglobin-Albumin Fusion Protein: A Photosensitizer for Cancer Therapy. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203952. [PMID: 36689636 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Myoglobin combined with human serum albumin (Mb-HSA) can be produced using yeast Pichia pastoris as a host strain, with secretion into the culture medium. This Mb-HSA fusion protein possesses identical O2 binding affinity to that of naked Mb. The Mb unit is reconstituted with a zinc(II) protoporphyrin IX, yielding (zinc substituted Mb)-HSA, ZnMb-HSA. The photophysical property and singlet O2 generation ability of ZnMb-HSA are equivalent to those of ZnMb. In vitro cell experiments revealed that ZnMb-HSA acts as a superior photosensitizer for photodynamic cancer therapy. It is noteworthy that ZnMb-HSA shows long circulation lifetime in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiga Yamada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Yoshitsugu Morita
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Ryoya Takada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Mizuki Funamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Wataru Okamoto
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
| | - Mitsutomo Kohno
- Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, 1981 Kamoda, Kawagoe-shi, Saitama, 350-8550, Japan
| | - Teruyuki Komatsu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, 1-13-27 Kasuga, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 112-8551, Japan
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3
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The role of albumin receptors in regulation of albumin homeostasis: Implications for drug delivery. J Control Release 2015; 211:144-62. [PMID: 26055641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Albumin is the most abundant protein in blood and acts as a molecular taxi for a plethora of small insoluble substances such as nutrients, hormones, metals and toxins. In addition, it binds a range of medical drugs. It has an unusually long serum half-life of almost 3weeks, and although the structure and function of albumin has been studied for decades, a biological explanation for the long half-life has been lacking. Now, recent research has unravelled that albumin-binding cellular receptors play key roles in the homeostatic regulation of albumin. Here, we review our current understanding of albumin homeostasis with a particular focus on the impact of the cellular receptors, namely the neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and the cubilin-megalin complex, and we discuss their importance on uses of albumin in drug delivery.
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Cai Y, Xu M, Yuan M, Liu Z, Yuan W. Developments in human growth hormone preparations: sustained-release, prolonged half-life, novel injection devices, and alternative delivery routes. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:3527-38. [PMID: 25114523 PMCID: PMC4122423 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s63507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the availability of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) enabled the application of human growth hormone both in clinical and research use in the 1980s, millions of patients were prescribed a daily injection of rhGH, but noncompliance rates were high. To address the problem of noncompliance, numerous studies have been carried out, involving: sustained-release preparations, prolonged half-life derivatives, new injectors that cause less pain, and other noninvasive delivery methods such as intranasal, pulmonary and transdermal deliveries. Some accomplishments have been made and launched already, such as the Nutropin Depot® microsphere and injectors (Zomajet®, Serojet®, and NordiFlex®). Here, we provide a review of the different technologies and illustrate the key points of these studies to achieve an improved rhGH product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cai
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China ; School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglu Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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5
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Pereira E, Souza F, Santana C, Soares D, Lemos A, Menezes L. Influence of magnetic field on the dissolution profile of cotrimoxazole inserted into poly(lactic acid-co
-glycolic acid) and maghemite nanocomposites. POLYM ENG SCI 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.23606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- E.D. Pereira
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - F.G. Souza
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - C.I. Santana
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - D.Q. Soares
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - A.S. Lemos
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - L.R. Menezes
- Instituto de Macromoléculas Professora Eloisa Mano, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Rio de Janeiro Brazil
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Okiyama N, Kitajima T, Ito Y, Yokozeki H, Miyasaka N, Kohsaka H. Addition of the collagen binding domain of fibronectin potentiates the biochemical availability of hepatocyte growth factor for cutaneous wound healing. J Dermatol Sci 2011; 61:215-7. [PMID: 21288695 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2011.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Taheri A, Atyabi F, Dinarvnd R. Temperature-responsive and biodegradable PVA:PVP k30:poloxamer 407 hydrogel for controlled delivery of human growth hormone (hGH). J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2011; 24:175-9. [PMID: 21648286 DOI: 10.1515/jpem.2011.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) is used for replacement therapy of pediatric hypopituitary dwarfism. Growth rate in children was observed to be better on the daily injection schedule compared with the currently used therapeutic regimen of thrice a week injection. Thus, a controlled release formulation would overcome the drawback of traditional rhGH therapy such as the need for multiple injections. Poloxamers are a family of triblock copolymers consisting of two hydrophilic blocks of polyoxyethylene separated by a hydrophobic block of polyoxypropylene, which form micelles at low concentrations and form clear thermally reversible gels at high concentrations. We used poloxamer gels to develop a controlled release formulation of hGH. The objective of this study was to develop an in situ gel forming drug delivery system for hGH using the minimum possible ratio of poloxamer 407 (P407). Decreasing the concentration of poloxamer could reduce the risk of hypertriglyceridemia induction. Different additives were added to the poloxamer formulations. It was observed that among different additives polyvinylpyrrolidone k30 (PVP k30) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) decrease poloxamer concentration required to form in situ gelation from 18% to 10%. The dynamic viscoelastic properties of the samples were determined. Both the storage modulus and the loss modulus of the samples increased abruptly as the temperature passed a certain point. It can be concluded that combining P407 and PVP and PVA could be a promising strategy for preparation of thermally reversible in situ gel forming delivery systems of hGH with low poloxamer concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azade Taheri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medicinal Science, Tehran, Iran
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Chang CH, Gupta P, Goldenberg DM. Advances and challenges in developing cytokine fusion proteins as improved therapeutics. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2009; 4:181-94. [DOI: 10.1517/17460440802702023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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9
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Trakas N, Tzartos SJ. Conjugation of acetylcholine receptor-protecting Fab fragments with polyethylene glycol results in a prolonged half-life in the circulation and reduced immunogenicity. J Neuroimmunol 2001; 120:42-9. [PMID: 11694318 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00405-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies to the acetylcholine receptor (AChR) cause AChR loss, resulting in the disease, myasthenia gravis (MG). The majority of the pathogenic antibodies seem to be directed against the main immunogenic region (MIR) of the AChR. In contrast to the intact antibodies, Fab fragments of anti-AChR antibodies are not themselves pathogenic and such fragments of anti-MIR monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) protect the AChR in vitro and in vivo against the pathogenic antibodies. However, Fab fragments have a very short in vivo half-life and are immunogenic, obstacles which must be overcome before their clinical use can be envisaged. We investigated the effect of conjugating Fab fragments to polyethylene glycol (PEG), a method known to increase the in vivo half-life and reduce the immunogenicity of proteins. When the Fab' fragments of two rat anti-MIR mAbs (nos. 35 and 195) were conjugated to methoxy-PEG-maleimide, the conjugates retained about 10% of their AChR binding activity and efficiently protected the AChR against the binding and modulating activity of myasthenic antibodies. Their in vivo half-life in rats was approximately 15 times longer than that of the unconjugated Fab' fragment and they were much less immunogenic in mice. This work represents an important step towards the clinical use of AChR-protective anti-MIR Fabs, but further improvements are needed before their clinical use is attempted.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Autoantibodies/chemistry
- Autoantibodies/immunology
- Binding, Competitive/drug effects
- Binding, Competitive/immunology
- Half-Life
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/chemistry
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/immunology
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/pharmacology
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Myasthenia Gravis/drug therapy
- Myasthenia Gravis/immunology
- Myasthenia Gravis/physiopathology
- Neuroprotective Agents/chemical synthesis
- Neuroprotective Agents/metabolism
- Polyethylene Glycols/chemical synthesis
- Polyethylene Glycols/metabolism
- Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects
- Receptors, Cholinergic/immunology
- Receptors, Cholinergic/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/drug effects
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/immunology
- Tumor Cells, Cultured/metabolism
- Vaccines, Synthetic/chemistry
- Vaccines, Synthetic/immunology
- Vaccines, Synthetic/pharmacology
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Affiliation(s)
- N Trakas
- Department of Biochemistry, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vas. Sofias Avenue, Athens 115 21, Greece
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Papanastasiou D, Poulas K, Kokla A, Tzartos SJ. Prevention of passively transferred experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis by Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies directed against the main immunogenic region of the acetylcholine receptor. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 104:124-32. [PMID: 10713351 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(99)00259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The muscle acetylcholine receptor loss, responsible for the clinical symptoms of myasthenia gravis, is due mainly to mechanisms dependent on the bivalent character of the anti-receptor antibodies. In cell culture, univalent Fab fragments of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) directed against the main immunogenic region (MIR) of the acetylcholine receptor are able to protect the receptor against the action of the intact antibodies. To investigate the potential therapeutic use of this approach, we examined the ability of the Fab fragment of anti-MIR mAb195 (Fab195) to protect the receptor in vivo against two anti-MIR mAbs. Because of the rapid clearance of Fab fragments from the circulation, Lewis rats were treated repeatedly with Fab195. The Fab fragment significantly protected muscle receptors against antibody-mediated loss and was very efficient in providing protection against clinical symptoms when its administration was commenced before, simultaneously with, or 2 h after, mAb injection. Twenty-four hours after mAb injection, the protected rats only showed mild myasthenic symptoms, whereas those which only received intact antibodies were moribund or dead. These results suggest that, once modified to ensure their low immunogenicity and a long half-life, anti-MIR Fab fragments might be useful in the specific immunotherapy of myasthenia gravis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Female
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/pharmacology
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/drug effects
- Immunoglobulin Variable Region/immunology
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/immunology
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/metabolism
- Myasthenia Gravis, Autoimmune, Experimental/prevention & control
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred Lew
- Receptors, Cholinergic/drug effects
- Receptors, Cholinergic/immunology
- Time Factors
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Affiliation(s)
- D Papanastasiou
- Department of Biochemistry, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 127 Vas. Sofias Avenue, Athens, Greece
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Katakam M, Ravis WR, Banga AK. Controlled release of human growth hormone in rats following parenteral administration of poloxamer gels. J Control Release 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0168-3659(97)01648-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Katakam M, Ravis WR, Golden DL, Banga AK. Controlled release of human growth hormone following subcutaneous administration in dogs. Int J Pharm 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(97)04920-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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13
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Paige AG, Whitcomb KL, Liu J, Kinstler O. Prolonged circulation of recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor by covalent linkage to albumin through a heterobifunctional polyethylene glycol. Pharm Res 1995; 12:1883-8. [PMID: 8786961 DOI: 10.1023/a:1016227519561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (rhG-CSF) was covalently conjugated to both rat and human serum albumin (RSA and HSA respectively) to increases the circulating half life (t1/2) of rhG-CSF. METHODS Conjugates of RSA (MW 67,000) and HSA (MW 66,000) were prepared by linking the two proteins through a heterobifunctional maleimido-carboxyl polyethylene glycol (PEG) and were tested in the rat. The conjugates were injected intravenously (IV) at the equivalent dose of 50 micrograms/kg of rhG-CSF, and white blood cell (WBC) counts and plasma concentrations of drug were determined. A comparison of pharmacokinetic parameters was made between rhG-CSF, the conjugates RSA-PEG-rhG-CSF and HSA-PEG-rhG-CSF, and a non-covalent mixture of rhG-CSF and HSA. RESULTS The albumin-rhG-CSF conjugates are eliminated more slowly from the circulation. The clearance values are reduced from 0.839 +/- 0.121 ml/min/kg for rhG-CSF to 0.172 +/- 0.013 ml/min/kg for RSA-PEG-rhG-CSF and 0.141 +/- 0.005 ml/min/kg for HSA-PEG-rhG-CSF. WBC counts increased in both absolute number and duration as compared to rhG-CSF alone. The albumin rhG-CSF conjugates had enhanced serum stability relative to free rhG-CSF. The rate of degradation of the albumin conjugates incubated in rat serum at 37 degrees C decreased five fold. CONCLUSIONS The results from the study show that specific conjugation of rhG-CSF to albumin decreases plasma clearance in vivo, causes increased WBC response, and increases serum stability as compared to free rhG-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- A G Paige
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, California 91320, USA
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Yeh P, Landais D, Lemaître M, Maury I, Crenne JY, Becquart J, Murry-Brelier A, Boucher F, Montay G, Fleer R. Design of yeast-secreted albumin derivatives for human therapy: biological and antiviral properties of a serum albumin-CD4 genetic conjugate. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1992; 89:1904-8. [PMID: 1542690 PMCID: PMC48562 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.89.5.1904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to its remarkably long half-life, together with its wide in vivo distribution and its lack of enzymatic or immunological functions, human serum albumin (HSA) represents an optimal carrier for therapeutic peptides/proteins aimed at interacting with cellular or molecular components of the vascular and interstitial compartments. As an example, we designed a genetically engineered HSA-CD4 hybrid aimed at specifically blocking the entry of the human immunodeficiency virus into CD4+ cells. In contrast with CD4, HSA-CD4 is correctly processed and efficiently secreted by Kluyveromyces yeasts. In addition, its CD4 moiety exhibits binding and antiviral in vitro properties similar to those of soluble CD4. Finally, the elimination half-life of HSA-CD4 in a rabbit experimental model is comparable to that of control HSA and 140-fold higher than that of soluble CD4. These results indicate that the genetic fusion of bioactive peptides to HSA is a plausible approach toward the design and recovery of secreted therapeutic HSA derivatives with appropriate pharmacokinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Yeh
- Rhône-Poulenc Rorer, Centre de Recherche de Vitry-Alfortville, Vitry, France
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