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Jo SY, Bae JY, Park JY, Kim MK, Chae WS, Kim YI, Nam KM. Thermomechanical and Structural Analysis of WO 3 Array for Optimized Photoelectrochemical Chloride Oxidation Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 39324543 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c11794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the crystal structure of WO3 is essential for optimizing its photoelectrochemical performance. This study comprehensively analyzes the structural characteristics of WO3 during synthesis and investigates their correlation with photoelectrochemical activity. Structural analysis, incorporating annealing procedure and WO3 thickness, identifies a blend of hexagonal, monoclinic, and orthorhombic phases within WO3 array. Specifically, detailed analysis reveals a predominance of monoclinic WO3 phase alongside the orthorhombic WO3 phase, both of which are commonly characterized by their monoclinic structure. Three-dimensional thermomechanical simulations using the finite element method reveal that thermal displacement in WO3 layers increases with thickness during the thermally induced synthesis process. These results highlight a direct correlation between WO3 thickness, thermal displacement, and phase transition, with thicker layers favoring the transformation from orthorhombic to monoclinic structures due to increased thermally induced deformation. The heightened monoclinic structure, which possesses lower symmetry than the orthorhombic structure, induces more defect sites, suggesting increased donor density. Notably, the monoclinic-dominated WO3 exhibits superior performance under UV-visible irradiation in 0.5 M NaCl. Furthermore, the WO3 array demonstrates over 85% Faradaic efficiency for chloride oxidation, indicating preferential selectivity over oxygen evolution reaction in 0.5 M NaCl. This study emphasizes the pivotal role of the crystal structure of WO3 in achieving efficient photoelectrochemical seawater splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Yeong Jo
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yong Bae
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Division of Scientific Instrumentation and Management, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea Department
| | - Joon Yong Park
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Kyo Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Weon-Sik Chae
- Daegu Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Il Kim
- Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS), 267 Gajeong, Yuseong, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Min Nam
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Future Earth, Pusan National University, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea
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Yang Y, Yuan X, Wang Q, Wan S, Lin C, Lu S, Zhong Q, Zhang K. HClO-Mediated Photoelectrochemical Epoxidation of Alkenes with Near 100 % Conversion Rate and Selectivity by Regulating Lattice Chlorine Cycle. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202314383. [PMID: 38216536 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202314383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Directional organic transformation via a green, sustainable catalytic reaction has attracted a lot of attention. Herein, we report a photoelectrochemical approach for highly selective epoxidation of alkenes in a salt solution using Co2 (OH)3 Cl (CoOCl) as a bridge of photo-generated charge, where the lattice Cl- of CoOCl can be oxidized to generate HClO by the photo-generated holes of BiVO4 photoanode and be spontaneously recovered by Cl- of a salt solution, which then oxidizes the alkenes into the corresponding epoxides. As a result, a series of water-soluble alkenes, including 4-vinylbenzenesulfonic acid sodium, 2-methyl-2-propene-1-sulfonic acid sodium, and 3-methyl-3-buten-1-ol can be epoxidized with near 100 % conversion rate and selectivity. Through further inserting a MoOx protection layer between BiVO4 and CoOCl, the stability of CoOCl-MoOx /BiVO4 can be maintained for at least 120 hours. This work opens an avenue for solar-driven organic epoxidation with a possibility of on-site reaction around the abundant ocean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Xiaojia Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shipeng Wan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Cheng Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Green Catalysis Center, College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Qin Zhong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Kan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
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Johnston J, O'Rourke C, Mills A. Photoinduced absorption spectroscopy (PIAS) study of water and chloride oxidation by a WO 3 photoanode in acidic solution. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:31825-31835. [PMID: 37966122 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03167e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
The mechanisms of water and chloride oxidation by a WO3 photoanode are probed by photoinduced absorption spectroscopy (PIAS) coupled with transient photocurrent (TC) measurements. Linear sweep voltammograms (LSVs) and incident photon to current efficiencies (IPCEs) are obtained, in the water oxidation electrolyte (1 M HClO4) and chloride oxidation electrolyte (3.5 M NaCl in 1 M HClO4). Other work shows that the faradaic efficiency of water oxidation to O2 in 1 M HClO4 is ca. 1.0, and that for chloride oxidation to Cl2 in 3.5 M NaCl plus 1 M HClO4 is ca. 0.62. The PIAS/TC data reveals a 0.4 order dependency of the rate of water oxidation on the steady state concentration of photogenerated surface holes, [hs+]ss, and an approximately first order dependency of the rate of chloride oxidation on [hs+]ss. Associated mechanisms and rate determining steps for water and chloride oxidation at the photoanode surface that account for these reaction orders are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- James Johnston
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
| | - Christopher O'Rourke
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
| | - Andrew Mills
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queens University Belfast, Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, UK.
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Influence of morphology on photoanodic behaviour of WO3 films in chloride and sulphate electrolytes. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Okunaka S, Miseki Y, Sayama K. Functions of MnO x in NaCl Aqueous Solution for Artificial Photosynthesis. iScience 2020; 23:101540. [PMID: 33134889 PMCID: PMC7584672 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoelectrochemical water splitting has been intensively investigated as artificial photosynthesis technology to convert solar energy into chemical energy. The use of seawater and salted water has advantages for minimum environmental burden; however, the oxidation of Cl- ion to hypochlorous acid (HClO), which has toxicity and heavy corrosiveness, should occur at the anode, along with the oxygen evolution. Here, O2 and HClO production in aqueous solution containing Cl- on photoanodes modified with various metal oxides was investigated. The modification of MnOx resulted in the promotion of the O2 evolution reaction (OER) specifically without HClO production over a wide range of conditions. The results will contribute not only to the practical application of artificial photosynthesis using salted water but also to the elucidation of substantial function of manganese as the element for OER center in natural photosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayuri Okunaka
- Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki. 305-8565, Japan
| | - Yugo Miseki
- Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki. 305-8565, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Sayama
- Global Zero Emission Research Center (GZR), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki. 305-8565, Japan
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Juodkazytė J, Petrulevičienė M, Parvin M, Šebeka B, Savickaja I, Pakštas V, Naujokaitis A, Virkutis J, Gegeckas A. Activity of sol-gel derived nanocrystalline WO3 films in photoelectrochemical generation of reactive chlorine species. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Trinh DTT, Khanitchaidecha W, Channei D, Nakaruk A. Synthesis, characterization and environmental applications of bismuth vanadate. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-019-03912-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Significance of an anion effect in the selective oxidation of Ce3+ to Ce4+ over a porous WO3 photoanode. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Huang Z, Miseki Y, Sayama K. Solar-light-driven photocatalytic production of peroxydisulfate over noble-metal loaded WO 3. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:3813-3816. [PMID: 30869686 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01061k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The high-value-added chemical reagent peroxydisulfate (S2O82-) was produced photocatalytically over noble-metal loaded WO3 powder suspensions in aqueous H2SO4 under flowing O2 and simulated solar light irradiation. Pt cocatalyst showed the highest photocatalytic activity for S2O82- formation of the studied metals (Au, Pd, Rh, and Ru). Further study indicated that continuous accumulation of S2O82- was achieved only over the Pt/WO3 photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeai Huang
- Advanced Functional Materials Team, Research Center for Photovoltaics (RCPV), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.
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Reichert R, Zambrzycki C, Jusys Z, Behm RJ. Photo-electrochemical Oxidation of Organic C1 Molecules over WO3 Films in Aqueous Electrolyte: Competition Between Water Oxidation and C1 Oxidation. CHEMSUSCHEM 2015; 8:3677-3687. [PMID: 26382643 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201500800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
To better understand organic-molecule-assisted photo-electrochemical water splitting, photo-electrochemistry and on-line mass spectrometry measurements are used to investigate the photo-electrochemical oxidation of the C1 molecules methanol, formaldehyde, and formic acid over WO3 film anodes in aqueous solution and its competition with O2 evolution from water oxidation O2 (+) and CO2 (+) ion currents show that water oxidation is strongly suppressed by the organic species. Photo-electro-oxidation of formic acid is dominated by formation of CO2 , whereas incomplete oxidation of formaldehyde and methanol prevails, with the selectivity for CO2 formation increasing with increasing potential and light intensity. The mechanistic implications for the photo-electro-oxidation of the organic molecules and its competition with water oxidation, which could be derived from this novel approach, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Reichert
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Zenonas Jusys
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, 89069, Ulm, Germany
| | - R Jürgen Behm
- Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, 89069, Ulm, Germany.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Hepel
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Potsdam, Potsdam, New York 13676
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Potsdam, Potsdam, New York 13676
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810
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Structural and photoelectrochemical investigation of boron-modified nanostructured tungsten trioxide films. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.04.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Yourey JE, Bartlett BM. Electrochemical deposition and photoelectrochemistry of CuWO4, a promising photoanode for water oxidation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm11259g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Monllor-Satoca D, Borja L, Rodes A, Gómez R, Salvador P. Photoelectrochemical Behavior of Nanostructured WO3 Thin-Film Electrodes: The Oxidation of Formic Acid. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:2540-51. [PMID: 17072939 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured tungsten trioxide thin-film electrodes are prepared on conducting glass substrates by either potentiostatic electrodeposition from aqueous solutions of peroxotungstic acid or direct deposition of WO3 slurries. Once treated thermally in air at 450 degrees C, the electrodes are found to be composed of monoclinic WO3 grains with a particle size around 30-40 nm. The photoelectrochemical behavior of these electrodes in 1 M HClO4 apparently reveals a low degree of electron-hole recombination. Upon addition of formic acid, the electrode showed the current multiplication phenomenon together with a shift of the photocurrent onset potential toward less positive values. Photoelectrochemical experiments devised on the basis of a kinetic model reported recently [I. Mora-Seró, T. Lana-Villarreal, J. Bisquert, A. Pitarch, R. Gómez, P. Salvador, J. Phys. Chem. B 2005, 109, 3371] showed that an interfacial mechanism of inelastic, direct hole transfer takes place in the photooxidation of formic acid. This behavior is attributed to the tendency of formic acid molecules to be specifically adsorbed on the WO3 nanoparticles, as evidenced by attenuated total reflection infrared spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damián Monllor-Satoca
- Departament de Química Física i Institut Universitari d'Electroquímica, Universitat d'Alacant, Ap. 99, 03080 Alacant, Spain
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Photoelectrochemical mineralization of textile diazo dye pollutants using nanocrystalline WO3 electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0013-4686(01)00753-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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