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Colloidal Gold Probe-Based Immunochromatographic Strip Assay for the Rapid Detection of Microbial Transglutaminase in Frozen Surimi. J CHEM-NY 2016. [DOI: 10.1155/2016/8592962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adding microbial transglutaminase (MTGase) to frozen surimi to enable the surimi to be sold as a higher-grade product at a higher price defrauds surimi product manufacturers and undercuts legitimate industry prices. Therefore, it is important to develop an accurate method of detecting the presence of MTGase in surimi. In this study, an immunochromatographic strip assay with a colloidal gold antibody probe was successfully developed and used to rapidly and qualitatively detect MTGase in surimi samples. The results were obtained in less than 10 min. The limit for the qualitative detection of MTGase using the immunochromatographic strip assay was identified as 1.0 μg/mL. The results of the immunochromatographic strip analysis of frozen surimi samples were verified by comparison with the results of a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The colloidal gold probe-based immunochromatographic strip assay was thus found to be a rapid, economical, and user friendly method of detecting MTGase in surimi.
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Gnedenko OV, Mezentsev YV, Molnar AA, Lisitsa AV, Ivanov AS, Archakov AI. Highly sensitive detection of human cardiac myoglobin using a reverse sandwich immunoassay with a gold nanoparticle-enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensor. Anal Chim Acta 2012; 759:105-9. [PMID: 23260683 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2012.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 10/03/2012] [Accepted: 10/28/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
A highly sensitive reverse sandwich immunoassay for the detection of human cardiac myoglobin (cMb) in serum was designed utilizing a gold nanoparticle (AuNP)-enhanced surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor. First, a monoclonal anti-cMb antibody (Mab1) was covalently immobilized on the sensor surface. AuNPs were covalently conjugated to the second monoclonal anti-cMb antibody (Mab2) to form an immuno-gold reagent (Mab2-AuNP). The reverse sandwich immunoassay consists of two steps: (1) mixing the serum sample with Mab2-AuNP and incubation for the formation of cMb/Mab2-AuNP complexes and (2) sample injection over the sensor surface and evaluation of the Mab1/cMb/Mab2-AuNP complex formation, with the subsequent calculation of the cMb concentration in the serum. The biosensor signal was amplified approximately 30-fold compared with the direct reaction of cMb with Mab1 on the sensor surface. The limit of detection of cMb in a human blood serum sample was found to be as low as 10 pM (approx. 0.18 ng mL(-1)), and the inter-assay coefficient of variation was less than 3%. Thus, the developed SPR-based reverse sandwich immunoassay has a sensitivity that is sufficient to measure cMb across a wide range of normal and pathological concentrations, allowing an adequate estimation of the disease severity and the monitoring of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana V Gnedenko
- IBMC RAMS, Pogodinskaya Street, 10, 119121 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Dykman L, Khlebtsov N. Gold nanoparticles in biomedical applications: recent advances and perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2011; 41:2256-82. [PMID: 22130549 DOI: 10.1039/c1cs15166e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1137] [Impact Index Per Article: 87.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with controlled geometrical, optical, and surface chemical properties are the subject of intensive studies and applications in biology and medicine. To date, the ever increasing diversity of published examples has included genomics and biosensorics, immunoassays and clinical chemistry, photothermolysis of cancer cells and tumors, targeted delivery of drugs and antigens, and optical bioimaging of cells and tissues with state-of-the-art nanophotonic detection systems. This critical review is focused on the application of GNP conjugates to biomedical diagnostics and analytics, photothermal and photodynamic therapies, and delivery of target molecules. Distinct from other published reviews, we present a summary of the immunological properties of GNPs. For each of the above topics, the basic principles, recent advances, and current challenges are discussed (508 references).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Dykman
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, RAS, 13 Pr. Entuziastov, Saratov 410049, Russian Federation
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Su J, Yang H, Chen J, Yin H, Tang R, Xie Y, Song K, Huyan T, Wang H, Wang W, Xue X. Development of a Class-specific Immunochromatographic Strip Test for the Rapid Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticides With a Thiophosphate Group. Hybridoma (Larchmt) 2010; 29:291-9. [DOI: 10.1089/hyb.2009.0111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Su
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
- Nantong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nantong Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Jialei Chen
- Medical College, Xian Jiaotong University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Huancai Yin
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ruihua Tang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Xie
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Kai Song
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Ting Huyan
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoping Xue
- Faculty of Life Science, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian, Shanxi, P.R. China
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Correlation between the composition of multivalent antibody conjugates with colloidal gold nanoparticles and their affinity. J Immunol Methods 2010; 357:17-25. [PMID: 20347832 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2010.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2010] [Revised: 03/04/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between multivalent preparations of antibodies (conjugated with colloidal gold nanoparticles (GNP) as a carrier system) and a multivalent ligand were investigated. The aim of the present study was to reveal the relationship between the affinity of the conjugate and its composition (i.e., the valency). Surface plasmon resonance was applied to study the affinity and the kinetics of the interaction of multivalent conjugates and multivalent virus (on the example of the plum pox virus (PPV)). Three monoclonal antibodies against PPV were prepared. Five GNP preparations with an average particle size in the range from 5 to 60nm (according to electron microscopy measurements) were obtained. The series of preparations allowed us to synthesize GNP-antibody conjugates with different surface areas for immobilization of antibodies, and, consequently, conjugates with different valencies. It was shown that the affinity of the conjugates changes with size of colloidal carriers (i.e. with the valency of the conjugates). The affinity of the virus-antibody interaction (antibodies with affinities of 1.46.10(-8)M and 1.73.10(-8)M) is one to three orders of magnitude lower (depending on the valency of the conjugate) compared to that of the interactions of the virus with GNP conjugates (conjugates with the affinity varying from 1.69.10(-9) to 7.02.10(-12)M and from 2.39.10(-9) to 2.62.10(-11)M, respectively). An increase in the conjugate size leads to an increase in its affinity. The similar trends were observed for the potato virus X.
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6
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Dual-channel differential surface plasmon ellipsometry for bio-chemical sensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2009; 25:411-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2009.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Revised: 06/25/2009] [Accepted: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Jiang X, Waterland M, Blackwell L, Wu Y, Jayasundera KP, Partridge A. Sensitive determination of estriol-16-glucuronide using surface plasmon resonance sensing. Steroids 2009; 74:819-24. [PMID: 19465041 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2009.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2009] [Revised: 05/07/2009] [Accepted: 05/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
For the quantitative evaluation of low levels of an estriol metabolite of estriol (estriol-16-glucuronide (E3-16G)) in liquid media, we developed a simple and highly sensitive immunoassay using a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor which did not require any time-consuming sample pretreatment steps. E3-16G was conjugated to ovalbumin (OVA) through an oligoethylene glycol (OEG) linker to form protein conjugates (E3-16G-OEG-OVA), which were then immobilized on a carboxymethyl dextran-coated sensor chip via amine coupling to develop inhibition immunoassays. A limit of detection (LOD) of 76 pg/mL was achieved using a rabbit anti-sheep primary antibody as a binding agent. The detection limit was further improved by using synthesized gold colloids (15 nm) as high mass labels conjugated to the primary antibody. In this Au nanoparticle-enhanced assay, the concentration of E3-16G in aqueous samples could be determined in 7.5 min at a level as low as 14 pg/mL. In addition, the high stability of the E3-16G-OEG-OVA surface gave no obvious drop in antibody-binding capability after more than 1000 binding/regeneration cycles which significantly lowered the research cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuqian Jiang
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Bally M, Vörös J. Nanoscale labels: nanoparticles and liposomes in the development of high-performance biosensors. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2009; 4:447-67. [DOI: 10.2217/nnm.09.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Technology for the detection of biological species has generated considerable interest in a variety of fields including healthcare, defense, food and environmental monitoring. In a biosensor, labeled specific binding partners are used to emit a detectable signal. Owing to their unique properties, nanomaterials have been proposed as a novel label category and have led to the development of new assays and new transduction mechanisms. In this article, the role of three major types of nanoscale labels (metallic, semiconductor and liposome nanoparticles) in the development of a new generation of optical, electrochemical or gravimetric biosensors will be presented. The underlying transduction principles will be briefly explained and assay strategies relying on the use of these ‘nanolabels’ will be described. The contribution to increased assay performance and sensitivity will be highlighted. Approaches towards simple, cost efficient and sensitive assays are essential to meet the demands of a growing number of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bally
- Laboratory of Biosensors & Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University Zurich, Gloriastr. 35, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Janos Vörös
- Laboratory of Biosensors & Bioelectronics, Institute for Biomedical Engineering, ETH and University Zurich, Gloriastr. 35, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Boghaert ER, Khandke KM, Sridharan L, Dougher M, DiJoseph JF, Kunz A, Hamann PR, Moran J, Chaudhary I, Damle NK. Determination of pharmacokinetic values of calicheamicin-antibody conjugates in mice by plasmon resonance analysis of small (5 microl) blood samples. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2007; 61:1027-35. [PMID: 17668210 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-007-0560-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 07/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The present study aims to establish a method that provides fast, precise and reproducible pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of antibody-calicheamicin conjugates. The method should discriminate between PK of the antibody moiety and PK of the conjugated calicheamicin (CM). METHODS The conjugates gemtuzumab ozogamicin (CMA-676, Mylotarg) or inotuzumab ozogamicin (CMC-544) were injected in the tail vein of nude mice. At regular time intervals, 5 mul whole blood samples were taken from the tail artery. Concentrations of conjugated CMA-676 or CMC-544 as well as concentrations of their respective antibody moiety were determined by sandwich plasmon resonance. This detection system measures changes in the plasma resonance angle caused by the interaction of macromolecules on biosensor chips. We determined as a first measure the binding of CMA-676 or CMC-544 to their respective antigens, CD33 or CD22. As a second measure we determined the amount of CM on the antigen-bound conjugates. This was done by determination of changes in plasma resonance angle after binding of an anti-CM antibody. RESULTS Sandwich plasmon resonance allowed detection of both conjugates in blood of mice in a range of 100-1,000 ng/ml protein. Due to the precision of the sampling and detection methods, PK values of each conjugate were determined in individual mice. Calicheamicin bound to antibody was eliminated faster than the antibody alone. The presence of a CD22-expressing tumour in mice reduced the plasma levels of the CD22-targeting conjugate but not of the CD33-targeting one. CONCLUSIONS Using small blood samples from a mouse, the sandwich plasmon resonance method provided PK-values of CM-conjugates and information about the stability of the linkage in vivo. Comparison between the PK-values of CM-conjugates in tumour-bearing and tumour-free mice suggested that retention of the conjugate in tumour tissue due to antigen targeting could be deduced from the plasma levels.
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MESH Headings
- Aminoglycosides/administration & dosage
- Aminoglycosides/blood
- Aminoglycosides/pharmacokinetics
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/blood
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacokinetics
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
- Area Under Curve
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Gemtuzumab
- Half-Life
- Humans
- Injections, Intraperitoneal
- Injections, Intravenous
- Inotuzumab Ozogamicin
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Rabbits
- Surface Plasmon Resonance
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin R Boghaert
- Wyeth Discovery Research (Oncology), 401 North Middletown Rd, Pearl River, NY 10965, USA
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Mitchell JS, Wu Y, Cook CJ, Main L. Sensitivity enhancement of surface plasmon resonance biosensing of small molecules. Anal Biochem 2005; 343:125-35. [PMID: 15950915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2005.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2005] [Revised: 04/29/2005] [Accepted: 05/02/2005] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor formats using gold nanoparticle or protein signal amplification for the sensitive assay of small molecules were developed using progesterone as a model compound. Progesterone was immobilized to a dextran surface in the Biacore biosensor through in situ covalent immobilization using an oligoethylene glycol linker attached to the 4 position of the steroid. This surface produced stable antibody binding for in excess of 1100 assay cycles. Using this surface, assays were developed for progesterone using 10- and 20-nm gold-streptavidin labels attached to biotinylated monoclonal antibody in both label prebinding and sequential binding formats. Prelabeling formats gave no signal enhancement but produced assays with limits of detection of 143 pg/ml, compared with approximately 1 ng/ml in previous studies. Sequential binding formats gave signal enhancements of 2.2-fold over the monoclonal antibody and a limit of detection of 23.1 pg/ml. It was found that secondary antibody labeling gave 8.1-fold signal enhancements and a limit of detection of 20.1 pg/ml, whereas use of secondary antibody-25 nm gold complexes provided more signal enhancement (13-fold) and a further improvement in limit of detection of 8.6 pg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- John S Mitchell
- Bioengineering Sector, HortResearch, Private Bag 3123, Hamilton, New Zealand
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11
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Xiulan S, Xiaolian Z, Jian T, Zhou J, Chu FS. Preparation of gold-labeled antibody probe and its use in immunochromatography assay for detection of aflatoxin B1. Int J Food Microbiol 2005; 99:185-94. [PMID: 15734566 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2004.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 120] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2003] [Revised: 07/12/2004] [Accepted: 07/15/2004] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Preparation of an antibody-colloidal gold probe (conjugate) specific to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its use in developing a rapid AFB1 diagnostic method was presented in this paper. Monodispersional nanogold colloid was synthesized and preparation of nanogold-labeled polyclonal antibody probe to aflatoxin B1 under friendly and optimal condition. Combination of antibody with nanogold particles was also characterized by UV-visible (UV-vis) light absorption spectra, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fluorescence spectroscopy, titers, cross reactivity and stability measurements. Furthermore, nanogold-labeled probe was used to develop an immunochromatographic (IC) method for aflatoxin B1 analysis. With this method, analysis could be completed in less than 10 min. Detection time was reduced 6-10 times comparative with ELISA. With visual observation, lower test limit was found to be around 2.5 ng/ml aflatoxin B1 standard solution, which was increased to two times of ELISA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Xiulan
- School of Food Science, Southern Yangtze University, 170, Huihe Road, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214036, PR China.
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Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) has been successfully incorporated into an immunosensor format for the simple, rapid, and nonlabeled assay of various biochemical analytes. Proteins, complex conjugates, toxins, allergens, drugs, and pesticides can be determined directly using either natural antibodies or synthetic receptors with high sensitivity and selectivity as the sensing element. Immunosensors are capable of real-time monitoring of the antigen-antibody reaction. A wide range of molecules can be detected with lower limits ranging between 10(-9) and 10(-13) mol/L. Several successful commercial developments of SPR immunosensors are available and their web pages are rich in technical information. This review highlights many recent developments in SPR-based immunoassay, functionalizations of the gold surface, novel receptors in molecular recognition, and advanced techniques for sensitivity enhancement. Furthermore, it describes the challenge of current problems and provides some insights toward the future technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M Mullett
- Ottawa-Carleton Chemistry Institute, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario, K1S 5B6, Canada
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13
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Lyon LA, Peña DJ, Natan MJ. Surface Plasmon Resonance of Au Colloid-Modified Au Films: Particle Size Dependence. J Phys Chem B 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/jp984739v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lee JW, Kim KM, Jung SH, Lee KJ, Choi EC, Sung YC, Kang CY. Identification of a domain containing B-cell epitopes in hepatitis C virus E2 glycoprotein by using mouse monoclonal antibodies. J Virol 1999; 73:11-8. [PMID: 9847301 PMCID: PMC103802 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.73.1.11-18.1999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence from clinical and experimental studies of human and chimpanzees suggests that hepatitis C virus (HCV) envelope glycoprotein E2 is a key antigen for developing a vaccine against HCV infection. To identify B-cell epitopes in HCV E2, six murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs), CET-1 to -6, specific for HCV E2 protein were generated by using recombinant proteins containing E2t (a C-terminally truncated domain of HCV E2 [amino acids 386 to 693] fused to human growth hormone and glycoprotein D). We tested whether HCV-infected sera were able to inhibit the binding of CET MAbs to the former fusion protein. Inhibitory activity was observed in most sera tested, which indicated that CET-1 to -6 were similar to anti-E2 antibodies in human sera with respect to the epitope specificity. The spacial relationship of epitopes on E2 recognized by CET MAbs was determined by surface plasmon resonance analysis and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The data indicated that three overlapping epitopes were recognized by CET-1 to -6. For mapping the epitopes recognized by CET MAbs, we analyzed the reactivities of CET MAbs to six truncated forms and two chimeric forms of recombinant E2 proteins. The data suggest that the epitopes recognized by CET-1 to -6 are located in a small domain of E2 spanning amino acid residues 528 to 546.
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Affiliation(s)
- J W Lee
- Laboratory of Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
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15
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Pearson JE, Kane JW, Petraki-Kallioti I, Gill A, Vadgama P. Surface plasmon resonance: a study of the effect of biotinylation on the selection of antibodies for use in immunoassays. J Immunol Methods 1998; 221:87-94. [PMID: 9894900 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1759(98)00167-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance is a valuable optical phenomenon for monitoring biomolecular interactions in real time. In this project anti-mouse-Fc was coupled to the carboxymethyl dextran coating on the surface of a CM5 sensor chip (BIAcore) using amine coupling. Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to Luteinizing Hormone (LH) were then captured on this surface in the correct orientation for binding. LH (500 IU/l) was injected over the surface and the subsequent binding and dissociation events were monitored. The resulting optical response curves allowed fast analysis of the binding interactions of eight selected MAbs. It was possible to develop a two-site immunometric assay for LH using a pair of these MAbs. The effect of biotinylating the MAbs, using various biotin:antibody coupling ratios, on their subsequent binding to both LH and avidin conjugated alkaline phosphatase was also investigated. This approach has allowed rapid evaluation of the effect of changes in both reagent and reaction conditions on immunoassay performance and appears to be a valuable adjunct to immunosensor and immunoassay development.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Pearson
- Department of Medicine (Clinical Biochemistry), University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Salford, UK
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Kaptein WA, Zwaagstra JJ, Venema K, Korf J. Continuous ultraslow microdialysis and ultrafiltration for subcutaneous sampling as demonstrated by glucose and lactate measurements in rats. Anal Chem 1998; 70:4696-700. [PMID: 9844567 DOI: 10.1021/ac980137w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Classical microdialysis has some drawbacks. Two main issues in this respect are the time-consuming calculations (due to partial recovery of an analyte) and depletion near the sampling site. In this paper we describe a sampling method, called ultraslow microdialysis (usMD), and compare this with ultrafiltration (UF) at flow rates between 100 and 300 nL/min. As an example of an application of this method, we conducted a dual-enzyme analysis for simultaneous measurement of the glucose and lactate concentrations, demonstrating these sampling techniques in the subcutaneous tissue of the rat. For UF, the flow rates in vitro and in vivo were the same. For usMD, the recovery for glucose and lactate at the applied flow rates was 100%, in contrast to conventional microdialysis. Both sampling techniques have the potential of on-line in vivo monitoring, as well as the measurement of time profiles of analytes by continuous collection and off-line analysis afterward.
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Affiliation(s)
- W A Kaptein
- Biological Psychiatry and Biomedical Technology Centre, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
An epitope may be defined as a specific site on an antigen module characterized by the binding of one monoclonal antibody (MAb). Epitope mapping by surface plasmon resonance in the BIAcore biosensor may be performed to characterize an antigen or a group of specific MAbs or both. This article describes the BIAcore instrument and methods for such mapping. Examples include molecular interaction studies with simple and complex proteins, such as myoglobin and calprotectin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Johne
- Nycomed Pharma AS, Oslo, Norway
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18
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Catimel B, Nerrie M, Lee FT, Scott AM, Ritter G, Welt S, Old LJ, Burgess AW, Nice EC. Kinetic analysis of the interaction between the monoclonal antibody A33 and its colonic epithelial antigen by the use of an optical biosensor. A comparison of immobilisation strategies. J Chromatogr A 1997; 776:15-30. [PMID: 9286074 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(97)00087-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between the humanised A33 monoclonal antibody and the corresponding F(ab)'2 or Fab' fragments with the colonic epithelial A33 antigen, purified by micropreparative HPLC from membrane extracts of the colonic carcinoma cell line LIM 1215, has been studied with the BIAcore 2000 biosensor using surface plasmon resonance detection. The surface orientation of immobilised antibody and the Fab' fragment onto the biosensor surface was controlled using alternative immobilisation chemistries. This resulted in significantly higher molar binding activities compared with the conventional N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS)/N-ethyl-N'-dimethylaminopropylcarbodiimide (EDC) chemistry. This increase in signal resulted in a concomitant increase in sensitivity of detection, which facilitates analysis of low levels of A33 antigen. The apparent association rate (ka) and dissociation rate (kd) constants obtained with the different immobilisation chemistries were determined. These analyses showed that the kinetic constants obtained for the IgG were not significantly affected by the method of immobilisation. F(ab)'2 and Fab' fragments immobilised using NHS/EDC chemistry showed significantly lower apparent affinity. By contrast the use of the thiol coupling chemistry with the Fab' fragment gave a five fold increase in observed KA, resulting in a similar affinity to that observed with the intact IgG molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Catimel
- Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research. PO Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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19
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Anderson DJ, Guo B, Xu Y, Ng LM, Kricka LJ, Skogerboe KJ, Hage DS, Schoeff L, Wang J, Sokoll LJ, Chan DW, Ward KM, Davis KA. Clinical chemistry. Anal Chem 1997; 69:165R-229R. [PMID: 9195857 DOI: 10.1021/a1970008p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D J Anderson
- Department of Chemistry, Cleveland State University, Ohio 44115, USA
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20
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Johne B, Fagerhol MK, Lyberg T, Prydz H, Brandtzaeg P, Naess-Andresen CF, Dale I. Functional and clinical aspects of the myelomonocyte protein calprotectin. Mol Pathol 1997; 50:113-23. [PMID: 9292145 PMCID: PMC379605 DOI: 10.1136/mp.50.3.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Johne
- Nycomed Pharma AS, Oslo, Norway.
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