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Computer-assisted catalyst development via automated modelling of conformationally complex molecules: application to diphosphinoamine ligands. Sci Rep 2021; 11:4534. [PMID: 33633152 PMCID: PMC7907204 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82816-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simulation of conformationally complicated molecules requires multiple levels of theory to obtain accurate thermodynamics, requiring significant researcher time to implement. We automate this workflow using all open-source code (XTBDFT) and apply it toward a practical challenge: diphosphinoamine (PNP) ligands used for ethylene tetramerization catalysis may isomerize (with deleterious effects) to iminobisphosphines (PPNs), and a computational method to evaluate PNP ligand candidates would save significant experimental effort. We use XTBDFT to calculate the thermodynamic stability of a wide range of conformationally complex PNP ligands against isomeriation to PPN (ΔGPPN), and establish a strong correlation between ΔGPPN and catalyst performance. Finally, we apply our method to screen novel PNP candidates, saving significant time by ruling out candidates with non-trivial synthetic routes and poor expected catalytic performance.
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Fliedel C, Ghisolfi A, Braunstein P. Functional Short-Bite Ligands: Synthesis, Coordination Chemistry, and Applications of N-Functionalized Bis(diaryl/dialkylphosphino)amine-type Ligands. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9237-304. [PMID: 27456550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.6b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this review is to highlight how the diversity generated by N-substitution in the well-known short-bite ligand bis(diphenylphosphino)amine (DPPA) allows a fine-tuning of the ligand properties and offers a considerable scope for tailoring the properties and applications of their corresponding metal complexes. The various N-substituents include nitrogen-, oxygen-, phosphorus-, sulfur-, halogen-, and silicon-based functionalities and directly N-bound metals. Multiple DPPA-type ligands linked through an organic spacer and N-functionalized DRPA-type ligands, in which the PPh2 substituents are replaced by PR2 (R = alkyl, benzyl) groups, are also discussed. Owing to the considerable diversity of N-functionalized DPPA-type ligands available, the applications of their mono- and polynuclear metal complexes are very diverse and range from homogeneous catalysis with well-defined or in situ generated (pre)catalysts to heterogeneous catalysis and materials science. In particular, sustained interest for DPPA-type ligands has been motivated, at least in part, by their ability to promote selective ethylene tri- or tetramerization in combination with chromium. Ligands and metal complexes where the N-substituent is a pure hydrocarbon group (as opposed to N-functionalization) are outside the scope of this review. However, when possible, a comparison between the catalytic performances of N-functionalized systems with those of their N-substituted analogs will be provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Fliedel
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg , 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (LCC), CNRS-UPR 8241, 205 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse F-31077 Cedex 4, France
| | - Alessio Ghisolfi
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg , 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre Braunstein
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, Institut de Chimie (UMR 7177 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg , 4 Rue Blaise Pascal, CS 90032, 67081 Strasbourg, France
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Güizado-Rodríguez M, Ramírez-Galicia G. Electronic effect on the rotational barriers of PN bond in aminophosphanes. A theoretical approach. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2012.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chen F, Kapon M, Woollins JD, Eisen MS. Bis(imidodithiodiphosphinato) Titanium and Zirconium Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Their Catalytic Activity in the Polymerization of α-Olefins. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om801176a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fapu Chen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis, Science and Technology, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel, and Department of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, U.K
| | - Moshe Kapon
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis, Science and Technology, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel, and Department of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, U.K
| | - J. Derek Woollins
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis, Science and Technology, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel, and Department of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, U.K
| | - Moris S. Eisen
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Institute of Catalysis, Science and Technology, Technion−Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 32000, Israel, and Department of Chemistry, University of St Andrews, St Andrews, Fife KY16 9ST, Scotland, U.K
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Anagho LE, Bickley JF, Steiner A, Stahl L. Synthesis and Solid-State Structure of a Metal Complex of a Diphosphineimine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005; 44:3271-5. [PMID: 15844107 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200462588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonard E Anagho
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND 58202, USA
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Anagho LE, Bickley JF, Steiner A, Stahl L. Synthesis and Solid-State Structure of a Metal Complex of a Diphosphineimine. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200462588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kirin V, Roesky P. Dinuclear Potassium‐Chromium and Potassium‐Tungsten Carbonyl Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200300585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Kirin
- Institut für Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Peter W. Roesky
- Institut für Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34−36, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Formation of elastomeric polypropylene promoted by the dynamic complexes [TiCl2{N(PPh2)2}2] and [Zr(NPhPPh2)4]. J Organomet Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-328x(00)00214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Cavell RG, Angelov CM, Mazzuca DA. Oxidative-Rearrangement Reactions of σ 3, λ 3Dialkyl(Silylamino)Phosphines with Chlorophosphines; Formation of a P–P Bond Via a New Road to Phosphinophosphoranimines. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1996. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509608545231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Balakrishna M, Reddy V, Krishnamurthy S, Nixon J, Laurent JS. Coordination chemistry of diphosphinoamine and cyclodiphosphazane ligands. Coord Chem Rev 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/0010-8545(94)85018-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 186] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Ellermann J, Sutter J, Schelle C, Knoch FA, Moll M. Chemie polyfunktioneller Molek�le. 111. Synthese und Struktur neuartiger spirocyclischer Nickel(II)- und Palladium(II)-Komplexe mit dem Phosphazen-Anion [Ph2PNP(Ph2)NPPh2]? Z Anorg Allg Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19936191208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Ellermann J, Sutter J, Knoch FA, Moll M. Bildung und Komplexstabilisierung eines neuen kettenförmigen Phosphazen-Anions durch CoII-unterstiitzte oxidative Umgruppierung von [N(PPh2)2]-. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19931050524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Ellermann J, Wend W. Chemie polyfunktioneller Molek�le. 97. Beitr�ge zur Komplexchemie des Lithium-bis(diphenylphosphino)amids, des Bis(diphenylphosphino)amins und des Tris(diphenylphosphino)amins. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19865431221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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