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Wostatek T, Chirala VYMR, Stoddard N, Civas EN, Pimputkar S, Schimmel S. Ammonothermal Crystal Growth of Functional Nitrides for Semiconductor Devices: Status and Potential. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:3104. [PMID: 38998188 PMCID: PMC11242142 DOI: 10.3390/ma17133104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
The state-of-the-art ammonothermal method for the growth of nitrides is reviewed here, with an emphasis on binary and ternary nitrides beyond GaN. A wide range of relevant aspects are covered, from fundamental autoclave technology, to reactivity and solubility of elements, to synthesized crystalline nitride materials and their properties. Initially, the potential of emerging and novel nitrides is discussed, motivating their synthesis in single crystal form. This is followed by a summary of our current understanding of the reactivity/solubility of species and the state-of-the-art single crystal synthesis for GaN, AlN, AlGaN, BN, InN, and, more generally, ternary and higher order nitrides. Investigation of the synthesized materials is presented, with a focus on point defects (impurities, native defects including hydrogenated vacancies) based on GaN and potential pathways for their mitigation or circumvention for achieving a wide range of controllable functional and structural material properties. Lastly, recent developments in autoclave technology are reviewed, based on GaN, with a focus on advances in development of in situ technologies, including in situ temperature measurements, optical absorption via UV/Vis spectroscopy, imaging of the solution and crystals via optical (visible, X-ray), along with use of X-ray computed tomography and diffraction. While time intensive to develop, these technologies are now capable of offering unprecedented insight into the autoclave and, hence, facilitating the rapid exploration of novel nitride synthesis using the ammonothermal method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Wostatek
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair of Electron Devices (LEB), Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - V. Y. M. Rajesh Chirala
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair of Electron Devices (LEB), Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nathan Stoddard
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 E Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Ege N. Civas
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair of Electron Devices (LEB), Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Siddha Pimputkar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, 5 E Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, PA 18015, USA
| | - Saskia Schimmel
- Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Chair of Electron Devices (LEB), Cauerstraße 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Engelsberger FM, Chau TG, Bräuniger T, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis and Solid-State NMR Study of the Imidonitridosilicate Rb 3Si 6N 5(NH) 6. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401238. [PMID: 38655832 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The imidonitridosilicate Rb3Si6N5(NH)6, being only the second representative of this compound class, was synthesized ammonothermally at 870 K and 230 MPa. Its crystal structure was solved from single-crystal X-ray diffraction data. The imidonitridosilicate crystallizes isotypically with the respective potassium compound in space group P4132 with the lattice parameter a=10.9422(4) Å forming a three-dimensional imidonitridosilicate tetrahedra network with voids for the rubidium ions. The structure model and the presence of the imide groups were verified by Fourier-Transform infrared (FTIR) and magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR spectroscopy, using cross polarization 15N{1H} and 29Si{1H} MAS NMR experiments. Rb3Si6N5(NH)6 represents a possible intermediate during the ammonothermal synthesis of nitridosilicates. The characterization of such intermediates improves the understanding of the reaction pathway from ammonothermal solutions to nitrides. Thus, the ammonothermal synthesis is an alternative approach to the well-established high-temperature synthesis leading to the compound class of nitridosilicates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian M Engelsberger
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thanh G Chau
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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3
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Dialer M, Witthaut K, Bräuniger T, Schmidt PJ, Schnick W. The Fundamental Disorder Unit in (Si, P)-(O, N) Networks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401419. [PMID: 38340088 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
This study presents the synthesis and characterization of oxonitridosilicate phosphates Sr3SiP3O2N7, Sr5Si2P4ON12, and Sr16Si9P9O7N33 as the first of their kind. These compounds were synthesized under high-temperature (1400 °C) and high-pressure (3 GPa) conditions. A unique structural feature is their common fundamental building unit, a vierer single chain of (Si, P)(O, N)4 tetrahedra. All tetrahedra comprise substitutional disorder which is why we refer to it as the fundamental disorder unit (FDU). We classified four different FDU motifs, revealing systematic bonding patterns. Including literature known Sr5Si2P6N16, three of the four patterns were found in the presented compounds. Common techniques like single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD), elemental analyses, and 31P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy were utilized for structural analysis. Additionally, low-cost crystallographic calculations (LCC) provided insights into the structure of Sr16Si9P9O7N33 where NMR data were unavailable due to the lack of bulk samples. The optical properties of these compounds, when doped with Eu2+, were investigated using photoluminescence excitation (PLE), photoluminescence (PL) measurements, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Factors influencing the emission properties, including thermal quenching mechanisms, were discussed. This research reveals the new class of oxonitridosilicate phosphates with unique systematic structural features that offer potential for theoretical studies of luminescence and band gap tuning in insulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwin Dialer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Kristian Witthaut
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Bräuniger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Peter J Schmidt
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen (LPCA), Lumileds (Germany) GmbH, Philipsstraße 8, 52068, Aachen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
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Mallmann M, Maak C, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis and Crystal Growth of the Chain‐type Oxonitridosilicate Ca
1+
x
Y
1–
x
SiN
3–
x
O
x
(
x
> 0). Z Anorg Allg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202000018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mathias Mallmann
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Christian Maak
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5–13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
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Wendl S, Mallmann M, Strobel P, Schmidt PJ, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis of Ba
2
PO
3
N – An Oxonitridophosphate with Non‐Condensed PO
3
N Tetrahedra. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Wendl
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5‐13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Mathias Mallmann
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5‐13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Philipp Strobel
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen Lumileds Germany GmbH Philipsstraße 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Peter J. Schmidt
- Lumileds Phosphor Center Aachen Lumileds Germany GmbH Philipsstraße 8 52068 Aachen Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry University of Munich (LMU) Butenandtstraße 5‐13 (D) 81377 Munich Germany
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Häusler J, Schimmel S, Wellmann P, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis of Earth-Abundant Nitride Semiconductors ZnSiN 2 and ZnGeN 2 and Dissolution Monitoring by In Situ X-ray Imaging. Chemistry 2017; 23:12275-12282. [PMID: 28426151 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201701081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this contribution, first synthesis of semiconducting ZnSiN2 and ZnGeN2 from solution is reported with supercritical ammonia as solvent and KNH2 as ammonobasic mineralizer. The reactions were conducted in custom-built high-pressure autoclaves made of nickel-based superalloy. The nitrides were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and their crystal structures were refined by the Rietveld method. ZnSiN2 (a=5.24637(4), b=6.28025(5), c=5.02228(4) Å, Z=4, Rwp =0.0556) and isotypic ZnGeN2 (a=5.46677(10), b=6.44640(12), c=5.19080(10) Å, Z=4, Rwp =0.0494) crystallize in the orthorhombic space group Pna21 (no. 33). The morphology and elemental composition of the nitrides were examined by electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Well-defined single crystals with a diameter up to 7 μm were grown by ammonothermal synthesis at temperatures between 870 and 1070 K and pressures up to 230 MPa. Optical properties have been analyzed with diffuse reflectance measurements. The band gaps of ZnSiN2 and ZnGeN2 were determined to be 3.7 and 3.2 eV at room temperature, respectively. In situ X-ray measurements were performed to exemplarily investigate the crystallization mechanism of ZnGeN2 . Dissolution in ammonobasic supercritical ammonia between 570 and 670 K was observed which is quite promising for the crystal growth of ternary nitrides under ammonothermal conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Häusler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13 (D), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Saskia Schimmel
- Materials Department 6, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstr. 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Peter Wellmann
- Materials Department 6, Friedrich-Alexander-University, Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstr. 7, 91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Munich (LMU), Butenandtstr. 5-13 (D), 81377, Munich, Germany
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Häusler J, Neudert L, Mallmann M, Niklaus R, Kimmel ACL, Alt NSA, Schlücker E, Oeckler O, Schnick W. Ammonothermal Synthesis of Novel Nitrides: Case Study on CaGaSiN3. Chemistry 2016; 23:2583-2590. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Häusler
- Department of Chemistry; University of Munich (LMU); Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Lukas Neudert
- Department of Chemistry; University of Munich (LMU); Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Mathias Mallmann
- Department of Chemistry; University of Munich (LMU); Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Robin Niklaus
- Department of Chemistry; University of Munich (LMU); Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
| | - Anna-Carina L. Kimmel
- Institute of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Nicolas S. A. Alt
- Institute of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Eberhard Schlücker
- Institute of Process Machinery and Systems Engineering; Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Cauerstr. 4 91058 Erlangen Germany
| | - Oliver Oeckler
- Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, Institute for Mineralogy, Crystallography and Materials Science; Leipzig University; Scharnhorststr. 20 04275 Leipzig Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schnick
- Department of Chemistry; University of Munich (LMU); Butenandtstr. 5-13 81377 Munich Germany
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8
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Hector AL. Synthesis and processing of silicon nitride and related materials using preceramic polymer and non-oxide sol-gel approaches. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Pimputkar S, Malkowski TF, Griffiths S, Espenlaub A, Suihkonen S, Speck JS, Nakamura S. Stability of materials in supercritical ammonia solutions. J Supercrit Fluids 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2015.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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11
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Tapia-Ruiz N, Segalés M, Gregory DH. The chemistry of ternary and higher lithium nitrides. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Schwarzer A, Saplinova T, Kroke E. Tri-s-triazines (s-heptazines)—From a “mystery molecule” to industrially relevant carbon nitride materials. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Sougawa M, Sumiya T, Takarabe K, Mori Y, Okada T, Gotou H, Yagi T, Yamazaki D, Tomioka N, Katsura T, Kariyazaki H, Sueoka K, Kunitsugu S. Bond strengths of New Carbon-nitride-Related material C2N2(CH2). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/377/1/012028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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14
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Sedlmaier SJ, Celinski VR, Schmedt auf der Günne J, Schnick W. High-pressure synthesis and structural investigation of H3P8O8N9: a new phosphorus(V) oxonitride imide with an interrupted framework structure. Chemistry 2012; 18:4358-66. [PMID: 22374911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The first crystalline phosphorus oxonitride imide H(3)P(8)O(8)N(9) (=P(8)O(8)N(6)(NH)(3)) has been synthesized under high-pressure and high-temperature conditions. To this end, a new, highly reactive phosphorus oxonitride imide precursor compound was prepared and treated at 12 GPa and 750 °C by using a multianvil assembly. H(3)P(8)O(8)N(9) was obtained as a colorless, microcrystalline solid. The crystal structure of H(3)P(8)O(8)N(9) was solved ab initio by powder X-ray diffraction analysis, applying the charge-flipping algorithm, and refined by the Rietveld method (C2/c (no. 15), a=1352.11(7), b=479.83(3), c=1820.42(9) pm, β=96.955(4)°, Z=4). H(3)P(8)O(8)N(9) exhibits a highly condensed (κ=0.47), 3D, but interrupted network that is composed of all-side vertex-sharing (Q(4)) and only threefold-linking (Q(3)) P(O,N)(4) tetrahedra in a Q(4)/Q(3) ratio of 3:1. The structure, which includes 4-ring assemblies as the smallest ring size, can be subdivided into alternating open-branched zweier double layers {oB,2(2)(∞)}[(2)P(3)(O,N)(7)] and layers containing pairwise-linked Q(3) tetrahedra parallel (001). Information on the hydrogen atoms in H(3)P(8)O(8)N(9) was obtained by 1D (1)H MAS, 2D homo- and heteronuclear (together with (31)P) correlation NMR spectroscopy, and a (1)H spin-diffusion experiment with a hard-pulse sequence designed for selective excitation of a single peak. Two hydrogen sites with a multiplicity ratio of 2:1 were identified and thus the formula of H(3)P(8)O(8)N(9) was unambiguously determined. The protons were assigned to Wyckoff positions 8f and 4e, the latter located within the Q(3) tetrahedra layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan J Sedlmaier
- Department Chemie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Butenandtstrasse 5-13, 81377 München, Germany
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Zeuner M, Pagano S, Schnick W. Nitridosilicate und Oxonitridosilicate: von keramischen Materialien zu struktureller und funktioneller Diversität. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201005755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Zeuner M, Pagano S, Schnick W. Nitridosilicates and Oxonitridosilicates: From Ceramic Materials to Structural and Functional Diversity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:7754-75. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201005755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 280] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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Low-compressibility and hard material carbon nitride imide C2N2(NH): First principles calculations. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2011.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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18
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Bradley JS, Vollmer O, Rovai R, Lefebvre F. Microporous Silicon Nitride-Based Solid Bases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-549-33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractHigh surface area, microporous, amorphous silicon imidonitride, characterized by infrared spectroscopy, MAS 29Si NMR and surface area and porosity measurements has been prepared by the treatment of co-oligomers of methylsilazane and dimethyl silazanes with gaseous ammonia at temperatures up to 700°C. The material has a narrow pore-size distribution showing a maximum in the range associated with wide- pore zeolites (ca. 0.72 nm mean). Variation of the organic content of the silazane is a means of controlling the surface area of the resulting solid. The Knoevenagel condensation reaction of benzaldehyde with a series of active methylene compounds has been used to probe the basicity and size-selectivity of these microporous solid base catalysts.
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Horvath-Bordon E, Riedel R, McMillan PF, Kroll P, Miehe G, van Aken PA, Zerr A, Hoppe P, Shebanova O, McLaren I, Lauterbach S, Kroke E, Boehler R. High-Pressure Synthesis of Crystalline Carbon Nitride Imide, C2N2(NH). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007; 46:1476-80. [PMID: 17221897 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200603851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeta Horvath-Bordon
- Disperse Feststoffe, Material- und Geowissenschaften, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Petersenstrasse 23, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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Horvath-Bordon E, Riedel R, McMillan P, Kroll P, Miehe G, van Aken P, Zerr A, Hoppe P, Shebanova O, McLaren I, Lauterbach S, Kroke E, Boehler R. High-Pressure Synthesis of Crystalline Carbon Nitride Imide, C2N2(NH). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200603851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Huppertz H, Schnick W. Edge-sharing SiN4Tetrahedra in the Highly Condensed Nitridosilicate BaSi7N10. Chemistry 2006; 3:249-52. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.19970030213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/1996] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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22
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Kaskel S, Khanna M, Schlichte K, Chaplais G. Ammonothermal Transformation of High Surface Area Silicon Nitride. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3749(200209)628:9/10<2148::aid-zaac11112148>3.0.co;2-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Tailoring the pore-size distribution of high surface area microporous silicon imidonitrides by control of precursor composition. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s1381-1169(99)00116-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Horstmann S, Irran E, Schnick W. Phosphor(V)-nitridimid HP4N7: Synthese aus einem molekularen Precursor und Pulver-Röntgenstrukturanalyse mit Synchrotronstrahlung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971091821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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25
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26
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Mattausch H�R, Kremer RK, Simon A. Synthese, Kristallstruktur und magnetische Eigenschaften von Ce15N7I24. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19966220413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Schnick W. Phosphorus(V) Nitrides: Preparation, Properties, and Possible Applications of New Solid State Materials with Structural Analogies to Phosphates and Silicates. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 1993. [DOI: 10.1080/10426509308032389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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30
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Schaible S, Riedel R, Werner E, Klingebiel U. From cyclotetrasilazane [(CH3)2SiNH]4 via crystalline silicon nitride imide Si2N2NH to ?-Si3N4. Appl Organomet Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.590070106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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31
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Jacobs H, Mengis H. Synthese und Kristallstruktur von Alkalimetalldiamidodioxosilicaten M2SiO2(NH2)2 mit M ? K, Rb und Cs. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1993. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19936190213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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32
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Peters D, Paulus EF, Jacobs H. Darstellung und Kristallstruktur eines Kaliumimidonitridosilicats, K3Si6N5(NH)6. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19905840112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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