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M’Kacher R, Colicchio B, Junker S, El Maalouf E, Heidingsfelder L, Plesch A, Dieterlen A, Jeandidier E, Carde P, Voisin P. High Resolution and Automatable Cytogenetic Biodosimetry Using In Situ Telomere and Centromere Hybridization for the Accurate Detection of DNA Damage: An Overview. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065699. [PMID: 36982772 PMCID: PMC10054499 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In the event of a radiological or nuclear accident, or when physical dosimetry is not available, the scoring of radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in lymphocytes constitutes an essential tool for the estimation of the absorbed dose of the exposed individual and for effective triage. Cytogenetic biodosimetry employs different cytogenetic assays including the scoring of dicentrics, micronuclei, and translocations as well as analyses of induced premature chromosome condensation to define the frequency of chromosome aberrations. However, inherent challenges using these techniques include the considerable time span from sampling to result, the sensitivity and specificity of the various techniques, and the requirement of highly skilled personnel. Thus, techniques that obviate these challenges are needed. The introduction of telomere and centromere (TC) staining have successfully met these challenges and, in addition, greatly improved the efficiency of cytogenetic biodosimetry through the development of automated approaches, thus reducing the need for specialized personnel. Here, we review the role of the various cytogenetic dosimeters and their recent improvements in the management of populations exposed to genotoxic agents such as ionizing radiation. Finally, we discuss the emerging potentials to exploit these techniques in a wider spectrum of medical and biological applications, e.g., in cancer biology to identify prognostic biomarkers for the optimal triage and treatment of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhia M’Kacher
- Cell Environment DNA Damage R&D, Genopole, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-160878918
| | - Bruno Colicchio
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 69093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Steffen Junker
- Institute of Biomedicine, University of Aarhus, DK-8000 Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Elie El Maalouf
- Cell Environment DNA Damage R&D, Genopole, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
| | | | - Andreas Plesch
- MetaSystems GmbH, Robert-Bosch-Str. 6, D-68804 Altlussheim, Germany
| | - Alain Dieterlen
- IRIMAS, Institut de Recherche en Informatique, Mathématiques, Automatique et Signal, Université de Haute-Alsace, 69093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Eric Jeandidier
- Laboratoire de Génétique, Groupe Hospitalier de la Région de Mulhouse Sud-Alsace, 69093 Mulhouse, France
| | - Patrice Carde
- Department of Hematology, Institut Gustave Roussy, 94804 Villejuif, France
| | - Philippe Voisin
- Cell Environment DNA Damage R&D, Genopole, 91000 Evry-Courcouronnes, France
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Jagetia GC. Radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in the bone marrow of mice exposed to various doses of gamma radiation. RADIATION AND ENVIRONMENTAL BIOPHYSICS 1993; 32:109-117. [PMID: 8337356 DOI: 10.1007/bf01212797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of chromosomal aberrations was studied at 1-14 days post-exposure in female BALB/c mice exposed to various doses of gamma radiation. The frequency of abnormal cells, chromatid and chromosome breaks, dicentrics, centric rings, acentric fragments and total aberrations increased with exposure dose, and it was highest at 7 Gy. A peak was recorded on day 1 post-exposure with a gradual decline thereafter. The chromosomal aberration yield reached a nadir on day 14 post-irradiation, without restoration to the control level. The best fit for the present data was by a linear-quadratic relationship between dose of radiation and the frequency of chromosomal aberrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- G C Jagetia
- Department of Radiobiology, Kasturba Medical College, Karnataka, India
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Louw WK, van Rensburg EJ, Izatt H, Engelbrecht RI. Nucleoid sedimentation analysis of DNA superstructure, gamma-radiation-induced damage and repair in human and chacma baboon (Papia ursinus) peripheral lymphocytes. Int J Radiat Biol 1991; 59:951-62. [PMID: 1674279 DOI: 10.1080/09553009114550841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The use of the chacma baboon (Papio ursinus) in radiobiological investigations justifies special attention because it answers many of the criteria of parallelism to the human. The present study was undertaken to establish whether in vitro gamma-radiation effects in chacma baboon and human lymphocytes are comparable. The sensitive and rapid nucleoid sedimentation technique was employed to evaluate in vitro DNA superstructure, damage and repair in readily obtainable radiosensitive peripheral lymphocytes. Dose-response curves after 60Co gamma-irradiation were obtained, and by applying single-hit kinetics of the target theory, an estimation of molecular masses of the supercoiled domains was made. The baboon and human lymphocytes produced analogous results, while an ethidium bromide intercalation study also revealed a similarity in average DNA superhelical density. Lymphocyte DNA repair after 0.5-4.0 Gy gamma-irradiation and repair times from 0.5 to 5.0 h were evaluated. The repair data obtained from baboon and human cells after 2.0 Gy irradiation compared favourably in extent of DNA repair as well as the profiles of the kinetic curves. These findings indicate that the chacma baboon would be a useful and relevant model for further in vivo radiobiological studies on lymphocytes. The effects of sedimentation conditions and advantages of using vertical-tube rotors in the nucleoid sedimentation technique are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- W K Louw
- Atomic Energy Corporation of South Africa Limited, Pretoria
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