Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae

Vesiculobullous eruption revealing lipoid proteinosis: A potential diagnostic pitfall. A case report and a brief review

We describe a new case of lipoid proteinosis (LP) in a child and discuss its different clinical presentations, especially in its early erosive stage, as well as its prognosis and therapy. A 3.5-year-old healthy girl presented with a chronic and recurrent vesiculobullous skin eruption since early childhood. She had developed hoarseness of the voice during the first few months of life. Cutaneous examination revealed the presence of multiple non-pruritic tense vesicles and erosions on a non-erythematous base on her face, hands and elbows with a waxy thickening of the skin on her face. Histologic examination confirmed the diagnosis of LP. The patient was then regularly followed in our department for therapy for her disease.

Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae: gingival involvement

Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae (lipoid proteinosis, Urbach-Wiethe disease) is a rare syndrome with autosomal recessive inheritance. The disease is characterized by diffuse deposition of a hyaline-like substance in the dermis, the submucosal connective tissue and various internal organs. The oral mucosa of affected people becomes nodular and thickened, with primary involvement of the labial, buccal and palatal mucosa, posterior tongue, and lingual frenulum. We report the case of a 66-year-old man with hyalinosis cutis et mucosae who presented with gingival hyperplasia due to diffuse deposition of hyaline-like material, and discuss the diagnostic significance of the microscopic findings of the gingival tissues. The present clinical features are also compared to those of the same patient at the age of 38 years.

Amyloidaceous ulcerated gingival hyperplasia: a newly described entity related to ligneous conjunctivitis

Gingival hyperplasia may be genetic, may be acquired as a consequence of exposure to drugs and other agents or may appear as part of a more widespread disorder. Five patients who acquired gingival hyperplasia due to amyloidaceous deposits staining only for fibrin are presented. This appears to be a new entity related to ligneous conjunctivitis.

Genetics of the voice

Substantial advances have led to the evolution of voice as the newest subspecialty of otolaryngology. Nevertheless, little is known about the genetics of voice. Genetic research is needed to further elucidate the relationship between vocal tract structure (including ultrastructure) and function, mechanisms of voice dysfunction, and transmission of normal and abnormal voice characteristics.

Focal epithelial hyperplasia (Heck's disease) with generalized lesions of the gingiva. A case report

Focal epithelial hyperplasia is an uncommon benign oral condition that occurs mainly in young individuals of certain racial groups. The lesions most commonly affect the mucosal surfaces of the lips and they have been observed frequently to regress within a few months. This is a report of an unusual case of focal epithelial hyperplasia in a young black adult presenting with generalized involvement of the gingiva. There is no clinical evidence of regression of the lesions and the case remains similar to the original appearance 2 years after diagnosis. The diagnosis and management of focal epithelial hyperplasia are discussed.

Gingival lesions in lipoid proteinosis

Lipoid proteinosis is a rare heritable disease of the skin and mucous membranes characterized by subepithelial deposits of hyaline material. The morbid factors include disfiguring papulo-nodular lesions particularly of exposed skin, hoarseness of voice due to vocal cord infiltration, nodular deformation of the eyelids, and board-like rigidity of the tongue. Infiltration of the gingiva is usually unreported, and when mentioned has been equivocally related to the overall disease process. This patient demonstrates striking ulceration and hypertrophy with histologic evidence of heavy deposition of amorphous material confirming a gingival component to the lipoid proteinosis entity.

Lipoid proteinosis

Lipoid proteinosis is a rare autosomal recessive disorder that can affect the majority of organ systems, but most frequently presents due to its characteristic skin and mucous membrane changes. This was illustrated in a 27-year-old patient. Because its manifestations are easily misinterpreted, one might reasonably assume that the incidence of lipoid proteinosis may be higher than previously reported.