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Williams SA, Jasarevic E, Vandas GM, Warzak DA, Geary DC, Ellersieck MR, Roberts RM, Rosenfeld CS. Effects of developmental bisphenol A exposure on reproductive-related behaviors in California mice (Peromyscus californicus): a monogamous animal model. PLoS One 2013; 8:e55698. [PMID: 23405200 PMCID: PMC3565966 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0055698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), a pervasive, endocrine disrupting compound (EDC), acts as a mixed agonist-antagonist with respect to estrogens and other steroid hormones. We hypothesized that sexually selected traits would be particularly sensitive to EDC. Consistent with this concept, developmental exposure of males from the polygynous deer mouse, Peromyscus maniculatus, to BPA resulted in compromised spatial navigational ability and exploratory behaviors, while there was little effect on females. Here, we have examined a related, monogamous species, the California mouse (Peromyscus californicus), where we predicted that males would be less sensitive to BPA in terms of navigational and exploratory behaviors, while displaying other traits related to interactions with females and territorial marking that might be vulnerable to disruption. As in the deer mouse experiments, females were fed either a phytoestrogen-free CTL diet through pregnancy and lactation or the same diet supplemented with BPA (50 mg/kg feed weight) or ethinyl estradiol (EE) (0.1 part per billion) to provide a "pure" estrogen control. After weaning, pups were maintained on CTL diet until they had reached sexual maturity, at which time behaviors were evaluated. In addition, territorial marking was assessed in BPA-exposed males housed alone and when a control male was visible in the testing arena. In contrast to deer mice, BPA and EE exposure had no effect on spatial navigational skills in either male or female California mice. While CTL females exhibited greater exploratory behavior than CTL males, BPA exposure abolished this sex difference. BPA-exposed males, however, engaged in less territorial marking when CTL males were present. These studies demonstrate that developmental BPA exposure can disrupt adult behaviors in a sex- and species-dependent manner and are consistent with the hypothesis that sexually selected traits are particularly vulnerable to endocrine disruption and should be a consideration in risk assessment studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A. Williams
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Eldin Jasarevic
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Thompson Center for Autism and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Gregory M. Vandas
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Denise A. Warzak
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - David C. Geary
- Interdisciplinary Neuroscience Program, Center for Translational Neuroscience, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Mark R. Ellersieck
- College of Agriculture, Food, and Natural Resources- Statistician, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - R. Michael Roberts
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Cheryl S. Rosenfeld
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Genetics Area Program, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, United States of America
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Yamaguchi H, Kikusui T, Takeuchi Y, Yoshimura H, Mori Y. Social stress decreases marking behavior independently of testosterone in Mongolian gerbils. Horm Behav 2005; 47:549-55. [PMID: 15811356 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2004.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2004] [Revised: 10/29/2004] [Accepted: 12/21/2004] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the endogenous androgen regulation of the marking behavior in Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus). In the first experiment, developmental changes of fecal testosterone levels, ventral gland growth, and the marking frequency of male gerbils were investigated. From 9 weeks of age, marking frequency increased with increases in fecal testosterone levels and ventral gland size. The ventral gland size and marking frequency were significantly correlated to the fecal testosterone level. In the second experiment, we hypothesized that reduction in the marking frequency of subordinate males after social confrontations was controlled by a decrease in the circulating testosterone level, and we followed changes in marking frequency, endocrine status, and ventral gland size after social confrontations in which two adult male gerbils established their social ranks by fighting. As expected, marking frequency and ventral gland size were significantly related to social rank, that is, marking frequency was higher among dominant gerbils and lower among subordinates. In addition, fecal corticosterone levels among subordinates were higher than those of dominant animals. However, neither the fecal and plasma testosterone levels, nor testis size, differed between dominant and subordinate gerbils. These results revealed that endogenous androgen played a role in regulating marking behavior and ventral gland size during the developmental stage and that the reductions in marking frequency and ventral gland size occurring in subordinate males after social confrontations were not directly regulated by androgen changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Veterinary Ethology, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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