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Abstract
This review concentrates on success stories from the synthesis of approved medicines and drug candidates using epoxide chemistry in the development of robust and efficient syntheses at large scale. The focus is on those parts of each synthesis related to the substrate-controlled/diastereoselective and catalytic asymmetric synthesis of epoxide intermediates and their subsequent ring-opening reactions with various nucleophiles. These are described in the form of case studies of high profile pharmaceuticals spanning a diverse range of indications and molecular scaffolds such as heterocycles, terpenes, steroids, peptidomimetics, alkaloids and main stream small molecules. Representative examples include, but are not limited to the antihypertensive diltiazem, the antidepressant reboxetine, the HIV protease inhibitors atazanavir and indinavir, efinaconazole and related triazole antifungals, tasimelteon for sleep disorders, the anticancer agent carfilzomib, the anticoagulant rivaroxaban the antibiotic linezolid and the antiviral oseltamivir. Emphasis is given on aspects of catalytic asymmetric epoxidation employing metals with chiral ligands particularly with the Sharpless and Jacobsen–Katsuki methods as well as organocatalysts such as the chiral ketones of Shi and Yang, Pages’s chiral iminium salts and typical chiral phase transfer agents.
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Nájera C, Foubelo F, Sansano JM, Yus M. Stereodivergent routes in organic synthesis: marine natural products, lactones, other natural products, heterocycles and unnatural compounds. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 18:1279-1336. [PMID: 32025682 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob02597a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enantio- and diastereodivergent routes to marine-origin natural products with different sizes of cyclic ethers and lactones have been used in order to assign stereochemical features. Kainoid amino acids such as isodomoic acids have been synthesized using diastereodivergent routes. The bis(indole) alkaloid dragmacidin F has been prepared by enantiodivergent strategies as well as furanoterpenes and the tetracyclic agelastatin A. Natural products containing five-membered lactones like quercus lactones, muricatacins, goniofufuranones, methylenolactocins and frenolicin B have been synthesized using stereodivergent routes. Macrolides are very abundant lactones and have been mainly prepared from the corresponding seco-acids by lactonization, such as lasiodiplodin, zaeralanes, macrosphelides and haloprins, or by ring-closing metathesis, such as aspercyclides, microcarpalides, macrolides FD-891 and 892, and tetradic-5-en-9-olides. Other natural products including cyclic ethers (such as sesamin, asarinin, acetogenins, centrolobines and nabilones), alcohols (such as sulcatol), esters (such as methyl jasmonates), polycyclic precursors of fredericamycin, amino alcohols (such as ambroxol and sphingosines), isoprostanes, isofurans, polyketide precursors of anachelins, brevicomins, gummiferol, shikimic acid and the related compounds, and the pheromone disparlure have been synthesized stereodivergently. Heterocyclic systems such as epoxides, theobroxides and bromoxones, oxetan-3-ones, 5- to 8-membered cyclic ethers, azetidones, γ-lactams, oxazolidinones, bis(oxazolines), dihydropyridoisoindolines and octahydroisoquinolines have been prepared following stereodivergent routes. Stereodivergent routes to unnatural compounds such as alkenes, dienes, allenes, cyclopropanes, alcohols, aldols, amines, amino alcohols, β-amino acids, carboxylic acids, lactones, nitriles and α-amino nitriles have been considered as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Nájera
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
| | - Francisco Foubelo
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - José M Sansano
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain. and Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain and Instituto de Síntesis Orgánica (ISO), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Miguel Yus
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain.
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Velcicky J, Mathison CJN, Nikulin V, Pflieger D, Epple R, Azimioara M, Cow C, Michellys PY, Rigollier P, Beisner DR, Bodendorf U, Guerini D, Liu B, Wen B, Zaharevitz S, Brandl T. Discovery of Orally Active Hydroxyethylamine Based SPPL2a Inhibitors. ACS Med Chem Lett 2019; 10:887-892. [PMID: 31223443 DOI: 10.1021/acsmedchemlett.9b00044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
SPPL2a (Signal Peptide Peptidase Like 2a) is an intramembrane aspartyl protease engaged in the function of B-cells and dendritic cells. Despite being an attractive target for modulation of the immune system, selective SPPL2a inhibitors are barely described in the literature. Recently, we have disclosed a selective, small molecular weight agent SPL-707 which confirmed that pharmacological inhibition of SPPL2a leads to the accumulation of its substrate CD74/p8 and as a consequence to a reduction in the number of B-cells as well as myeloid dendritic cells in mice. In this paper we describe the discovery of novel hydroxyethylamine based SPPL2a inhibitors. Starting from a rather lipophilic screening hit, several iterative optimization cycles allowed for its transformation into a highly potent and selective compound 15 (SPL-410) which inhibited in vivo CD74/p8 fragment processing in mice at 10 mg/kg oral dose.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Casey J. N. Mathison
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Victor Nikulin
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - Robert Epple
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Mihai Azimioara
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Christopher Cow
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Pierre-Yves Michellys
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | - Daniel R. Beisner
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | | | | | - Bo Liu
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Ben Wen
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
| | - Samantha Zaharevitz
- The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, 10675 John Jay Hopkins Drive, San Diego, California 92121, United States
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El Moncef A, El Hadrami EM, González MA, Zaballos E, Zaragozá RJ. Experimental and DFT study of the conversion of ephedrine derivatives into oxazolidinones. Double SN2 mechanism against SN1 mechanism. Tetrahedron 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2010.04.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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5
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Allepuz AC, Badorrey R, DÃaz-de-Villegas MD, Gálvez JA. Asymmetric Synthesis of ES-285, an Anticancer Agent Isolated from Marine Sources. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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A highly stereocontrolled route to 2-(2′-oxiranyl)piperidines and pyrrolidines: enantioselective synthesis of (+)-α-conhydrine. Tetrahedron Lett 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.09.095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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7
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García-Delgado N, Riera A, Verdaguer X. Phosphine-dependent stereoselectivity in the mitsunobu cyclodehydration of 1,2-diols: stereodivergent approach to triaryl-substituted epoxides. Org Lett 2007; 9:635-8. [PMID: 17253704 DOI: 10.1021/ol0629420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Triaryl-1,2-ethanediols, readily available from natural mandelic acid, can be stereospecifically converted into their corresponding chiral nonracemic epoxides by means of a Mitsunobu cyclodehydration reaction. Upon selection of the phosphine component in the reaction, the two enantiomers of the final epoxides are accessible in high enantiomeric excess. In view of this surprising phosphine-dependent stereoselectivity, here we examine the influence of the steric and electronic nature of both the phosphine and the substrate. [reaction: see text].
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemí García-Delgado
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica, Institute for Research in Biomedicine and Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/Josep Samitier, 1-5, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Yuan Y, Lai AJ, Kraml CM, Lee C. A highly enantio- and diastereoselective 1,3-dimethylallylation of aldehydes. Tetrahedron 2006; 62:11391-11396. [PMID: 17203133 PMCID: PMC1761486 DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2006.07.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
A highly enantio- and diastereoselective pentenylation of aldehydes is described. The homoallylic alcohol derived from 1,3-dimethylallylation of (-)-menthone undergoes an efficient allyl-transfer reaction with a wide range of aliphatic aldehydes in the presence of an acid catalyst to give rise to the corresponding 4-methyl-2(E)-penten-4-yl-5-ol products in good yields with high enantio- and 4,5-syn-selectivities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544, USA
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10
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Sun L, Du CP, Qin J, You JS, Yang M, Yu XQ. Highly diastereoselective epoxidation of protected α-amino alkenes catalyzed by ruthenium porphyrin/Cl2PyNO system. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2005.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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11
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Hamdach A, El Hadrami E, Testa M, Gil S, Zaballos-García E, Sepúlveda-Arques J, Arroyo P, Domingo L. Novel examples of the N-methyl effect on cyclisations of N-Boc derivatives of amino alcohols. A theoretical study. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Picó A, Moyano A, Pericàs MA. Enantiodivergent, catalytic asymmetric synthesis of gamma-amino vinyl sulfones. J Org Chem 2003; 68:5075-83. [PMID: 12816460 DOI: 10.1021/jo0268456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A set of diversely substituted N-Boc-gamma-amino vinyl sulfones has been prepared by a four-step procedure from readily available, highly enantiopure anti-N-Boc-3-amino-1,2-alkanediols. This new route, which does not depend on the accessibility of alpha-amino acids as starting materials, is noteworthy for its efficiency, for its generality, and for the fact that both enantiomers of a given gamma-amino vinyl sulfone can be obtained with equal ease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picó
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica, Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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Oh JS, Park DY, Song BS, Bae JG, Yoon SW, Kim YG. anti Selective dihydroxylation by the ketimine derivatives of the allylic amine in monosubstituted olefins. Tetrahedron Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(02)01654-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Badorrey R, Cativiela C, Dı́az-de-Villegas MD, Gálvez JA. Highly convergent stereoselective synthesis of chiral key intermediates in the synthesis of Palinavir from imines derived from l-glyceraldehyde. Tetrahedron 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)01152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Yu XQ, Huang JS, Yu WY, Che CM. Polymer-Supported Ruthenium Porphyrins: Versatile and Robust Epoxidation Catalysts with Unusual Selectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ja000461k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qi Yu
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and the HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie-Sheng Huang
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and the HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wing-Yiu Yu
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and the HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi-Ming Che
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry and the HKU-CAS Joint Laboratory on New Materials, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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P(MeNCH2CH2)3N: an efficient catalyst for the desilylation of tert-butyldimethylsilyl ethers. J Org Chem 2000; 65:2065-8. [PMID: 10774026 DOI: 10.1021/jo991591i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
tert-Butyldimethylsilyl (TBDMS) ethers of primary, secondary, and tertiary alcohols and phenolic TBDMS ethers are desilylated to their corresponding alcohols and phenols, respectively, in DMSO, at 80 degrees C, in 68-94% yield in the presence of 0.2-0.4 equiv of P(MeNCH2CH2)3N. Using P(i-PrNCH2-CH2)3N as the catalyst, 85-97% yields of desilylated alcohols were obtained from TBDMS ethers of 1-octanol, 2-phenoxyethanol, and racemic alpha-phenyl ethanol. These are the first examples of desilylations of silyl ethers catalyzed by nonionic bases. Both catalysts were much less effective for the desilylation of tert-butyldiphenylsilyl (TBDPS) ethers (22-45% yield) under the same conditions as used for TBDMS ethers. Possible pathways involving nucleophilic attack of the anion of the solvent molecule (generated by the catalyst) at the Si-O bond of silyl ether or a prior activation of the silyl ether by the catalyst via a P-Si interaction followed by nucleophilic attack of the solvent anion are proposed on the basis of 1H and 31P NMR experimental data.
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18
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Catasús M, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. A totally stereocontrolled route to N-methyl-γ-amino-β-hydroxy acids: Asymmetric synthesis of the amino acid component of hapalosin. Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)01953-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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19
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Alcón M, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. Enantioselective synthesis of unsaturated amino acids using p-methoxybenzylamine as an ammonia equivalent. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(99)00525-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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A convergent, stereocontrolled synthesis of C2-symmetrical and pseudosymmetrical sulfur-tethered bis(amino alcohols). Tetrahedron Lett 1999. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)00568-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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21
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Medina E, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. Synthesis of N-Boc-β-Aryl Alanines and of N-Boc-β-Methyl-β-aryl Alanines by Regioselective Ring-Opening of Enantiomerically Pure N-Boc-Aziridines. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo981140i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Medina
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès, 1-11. 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Moyano
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès, 1-11. 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès, 1-11. 08028-Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès, 1-11. 08028-Barcelona, Spain
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Aguilar N, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. A General, Catalytic, and Enantioselective Synthesis of (S)-γ-[(S)-1-Aminoalkyl]-γ-lactones. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9720851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Núria Aguilar
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica, Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Moyano
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica, Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica, Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica, Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Ojima I, Wang H, Wang T, Ng EW. New approaches to the asymmetric synthesis of dipeptide isosteres via β-Lactam Synthon Method. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(97)10677-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Vidal-Ferran A, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. Synthesis of a Family of Fine-Tunable New Chiral Ligands for Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis. Ligand Optimization through the Enantioselective Addition of Diethylzinc to Aldehydes. J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9701445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Vidal-Ferran
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Moyano
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Unitat de Recerca en Síntesi Asimètrica (URSA), Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Rozwadowska MD. Reaction of (1S,2S)-2-amino-1-phenyl-1,3-propanediol with thioacids under the Mitsunobu reaction condition. Tetrahedron 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(97)00672-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Beaulieu PL, Lavallée P, Abraham, Anderson PC, Boucher C, Bousquet Y, Duceppe JS, Gillard J, Gorys V, Grand-Maître C, Grenier L, Guindon Y, Guse I, Plamondon L, Soucy F, Valois S, Wernic D, Yoakim C. Practical, Stereoselective Synthesis of Palinavir, a Potent HIV Protease Inhibitor. J Org Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/jo9702655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Pastó M, Castejón P, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. A Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Cyclohexylnorstatine. J Org Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/jo960351p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Pastó
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Patrícia Castejón
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Albert Moyano
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel A. Pericàs
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Antoni Riera
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Castejón P, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. A Straightforward, Highly Stereoselective Synthesis of Protected Isostatine Derivatives. Chemistry 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.19960020816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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30
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Beaulieu PL, Wernic D. Preparation of Aminoalkyl Chlorohydrin Hydrochlorides: Key Building Blocks for Hydroxyethylamine-Based HIV Protease Inhibitors. J Org Chem 1996; 61:3635-3645. [PMID: 11667209 DOI: 10.1021/jo960109i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomerically pure N,N-dibenzyl-alpha-amino aldehydes reacted with (chloromethyl)lithium, generated in situ from bromochloromethane and lithium metal, to give predominantly erythro aminoalkyl epoxides. Treatment of the crude epoxides with aqueous hydrochloric acid gave crystalline (2S,3S)-N,N-dibenzylamino chlorohydrin hydrochlorides in 32-56% overall yield and high isomeric purity. These compounds are versatile synthetic intermediates for the preparation of hydroxyethylamine-based HIV protease inhibitors, either directly as such, or via conversion to the corresponding N-Boc-(2S,3S)-aminoalkyl epoxides. The processes described do not make use of hazardous reagents or intermediates, do not require chromatographic purifications, and are thus amenable to the preparation of large quantities of these versatile building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre L. Beaulieu
- Bio-Méga/Boehringer Ingelheim Research Inc., 2100 Cunard Street, Laval (Québec), Canada, H7S 2G5
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Castejón P, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. Ready access to stereodefined β-hydroxy-γ-amino acids. Enantioselective synthesis of fully protected cyclohexylstatine. Tetrahedron 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0040-4020(96)00328-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Pastó M, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. An enantioselective, stereodivergent approach to anti- and syn-α-hydroxy-β-amino acids from anti-3-amino-1,2-diols. Synthesis of the ready for coupling taxotere® side chain. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00442-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Pastó M, Moyano A, Pericàs MA, Riera A. Enantioselective synthesis of fully protected anti 3-amino-2-hydroxy butyrates. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0957-4166(95)00309-d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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