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Skarbek K, Milewska MJ. Biosynthetic and synthetic access to amino sugars. Carbohydr Res 2016; 434:44-71. [PMID: 27592039 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2016.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Amino sugars are important constituents of a number of biomacromolecules and products of microbial secondary metabolism, including antibiotics. For most of them, the amino group is located at the positions C1, C2 or C3 of the hexose or pentose ring. In biological systems, amino sugars are formed due to the catalytic activity of specific aminotransferases or amidotransferases by introducing an amino functionality derived from L-glutamate or L-glutamine to the keto forms of sugar phosphates or sugar nucleotides. The synthetic introduction of amino functionalities in a regio- and stereoselective manner onto sugar scaffolds represents a substantial challenge. Most of the modern methods of for the preparation of 1-, 2- and 3-amino sugars are those starting from "an active ester" of carbohydrate derivatives, glycals, alcohols, carbonyl compounds and amino acids. A substantial progress in the development of region- and stereoselective methods of amino sugar synthesis has been made in the recent years, due to the application of metal-based catalysts and tethered approaches. A comprehensive review on the current state of knowledge on biosynthesis and chemical synthesis of amino sugars is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Skarbek
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Maria J Milewska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, 11/12 Narutowicza Str., 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
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Blanco O, Pato C, Ruiz M, Ojea V. Synthesis of pyrrolidine homoazasugars and 3,4-dihydroxy-5-hydroxymethylprolines using aldol additions of metalated bislactim ethers to 2,4-O-ethylidene-d-erythroses. Org Biomol Chem 2009; 7:2310-21. [DOI: 10.1039/b902366f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Cremonesi G, Dalla Croce P, Fontana F, Forni A, La Rosa C. Stereoselective synthesis of β-hydroxy-α-amino acids β-substituted with non-aromatic heterocycles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetasy.2007.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Computational study of the syn,anti-selective aldol additions of lithiated bis-lactim ether to 1,3-dioxolane-4-carboxaldehydes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0957-4166(02)00479-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Kobayashi S, Furuta T. Use of heterocycles as chiral ligands and auxiliaries in asymmetric syntheses of sphingosine, sphingofungins B and F. Tetrahedron 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(98)00484-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Otsomaa LA, Koskinen AM. Synthesis of 6-deoxyamino sugars. FORTSCHRITTE DER CHEMIE ORGANISCHER NATURSTOFFE = PROGRESS IN THE CHEMISTRY OF ORGANIC NATURAL PRODUCTS. PROGRES DANS LA CHIMIE DES SUBSTANCES ORGANIQUES NATURELLES 1998; 74:197-263. [PMID: 9597942 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-7091-6496-9_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- L A Otsomaa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oulu, Finland
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Kobayashi S, Furuta T, Hayashi T, Nishijima M, Hanada K. Catalytic Asymmetric Syntheses of Antifungal Sphingofungins and Their Biological Activity as Potent Inhibitors of Serine Palmitoyltransferase (SPT). J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9730829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shū Kobayashi
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Science University of Tokyo (SUT), Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162, Japan
| | - Takayuki Furuta
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Science University of Tokyo (SUT), Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162, Japan
| | - Takaomi Hayashi
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Science University of Tokyo (SUT), Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nishijima
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Science University of Tokyo (SUT), Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162, Japan
| | - Kentaro Hanada
- Contribution from the Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Science University of Tokyo (SUT), Kagurazaka, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162, Japan, and Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162, Japan
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