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Hashimoto K, Yamashita K, Enoyoshi K, Dahan X, Takeuchi T, Kori H, Gotoh M. The effects of coating culture dishes with collagen on fibroblast cell shape and swirling pattern formation. J Biol Phys 2020; 46:351-369. [PMID: 32860547 PMCID: PMC7719137 DOI: 10.1007/s10867-020-09556-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Motile human-skin fibroblasts form macroscopic swirling patterns when grown to confluence on a culture dish. In this paper, we investigate the effect of coating the culture-dish surface with collagen on the resulting pattern, using human-skin fibroblast NB1RGB cells as the model system. The presence of the collagen coating is expected to enhance the adherence of the fibroblasts to the dish surface, and thereby also enhance the traction that the fibroblasts have as they move. We find that, contrary to our initial expectation, the coating does not significantly affect the motility of the fibroblasts. Their eventual number density at confluence is also unaffected. However, the coherence length of cell orientation in the swirling pattern is diminished. We also find that the fibroblasts cultured in collagen-coated dishes are rounder in shape and shorter in perimeter, compared with those cultured in uncoated polystyrene or glass culture dishes. We hypothesise that the rounder cell-shape which weakens the cell-cell nematic contact interaction is responsible for the change in coherence length. A simple mathematical model of the migrating fibroblasts is constructed, which demonstrates that constant motility with weaker nematic interaction strength does indeed lead to the shortening of the coherence length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kimiko Yamashita
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Physics Division, National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Department of Physics, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kanako Enoyoshi
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xavier Dahan
- Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tatsu Takeuchi
- Department of Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, 24061, USA
| | - Hiroshi Kori
- Graduate School of Humanities and Sciences, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Complexity Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan.
| | - Mari Gotoh
- Institute for Human Life Innovation, Ochanomizu University, Ohtsuka, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
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Sreenivasan CC, Thomas M, Antony L, Wormstadt T, Hildreth MB, Wang D, Hause B, Francis DH, Li F, Kaushik RS. Development and characterization of swine primary respiratory epithelial cells and their susceptibility to infection by four influenza virus types. Virology 2019; 528:152-163. [PMID: 30616205 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2018.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Influenza viruses are a group of respiratory pathogens that have evolved into four different types: A, B, C, and D. A common feature is that all four types are capable of replicating and transmitting among pigs. Here, we describe the development of isogenous cell culture system from the swine respiratory tract to study influenza viruses. Phenotypic characterization of swine primary nasal turbinate, trachea and lung cells revealed high expression of cytokeratin and demonstrated tissue site dependent expression of tight junction proteins. Furthermore, lectin binding assay on these cells demonstrated higher levels of Sia2-6Gal than Sia2-3Gal receptors and supported the replication of influenza A, B, C, and D viruses to appreciable levels at both 33 and 37 °C, but replication competence was dependent on virus type or temperature used. Overall, these swine primary respiratory cells showed epithelial phenotype, which is suitable for studying the comparative biology and pathobiology of influenza viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chithra C Sreenivasan
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Milton Thomas
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Linto Antony
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Tristen Wormstadt
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Michael B Hildreth
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; BioSNTR, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Ben Hause
- Cambridge Technologies, Oxford Street, Worthington, MN 56187, USA
| | - David H Francis
- Department of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Feng Li
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; BioSNTR, Brookings, SD 57007, USA
| | - Radhey S Kaushik
- Department of Biology and Microbiology, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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Taichman LB, Breitburd F, Croissant O, Orth G. The search for a culture system for papillomavirus. J Invest Dermatol 1984; 83:2s-6s. [PMID: 6203991 DOI: 10.1111/1523-1747.ep12281108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Papillomaviruses induce tumors of keratinocytes. Vegetative viral DNA replication and virion assembly are seen in those cells which are in the process of keratinizing or are keratinized. To date, no cell culture system has been developed that permits expression of the complete viral life cycle. Keratinocytes infected in culture may harbor the virus as a stable, replicating episome, but they do not support vegetative viral growth, nor do they become immortalized or transformed. The major obstacle in using keratinocyte cultures may be related to a dual need for transformation and full differentiation. Some animal papillomaviruses have been shown to be capable of transforming cultured murine fibroblasts. The fibroblast model is useful for identifying the viral-transforming gene(s) and their products.
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