Cheng K, Escalon BL, Robert J, Chinchar VG, Garcia-Reyero N. Differential transcription of fathead minnow immune-related genes following infection with frog virus 3, an emerging pathogen of ectothermic vertebrates.
Virology 2014;
456-457:77-86. [PMID:
24889227 DOI:
10.1016/j.virol.2014.03.014]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2014] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Frog virus 3 (FV3) and other ranaviruses are responsible for die-offs involving wild, farmed, and captive amphibians, fish, and reptiles. To ascertain which elements of the immune system respond to infection, we explored transcriptional responses following infection of fathead minnow cells with either wild type (wt) FV3 or a knock out (KO) mutant targeting the 18 kDa immediate early gene (18K). At 8h post infection we observed marked upregulation of multiple transcripts encoding proteins affecting innate and acquired immunity. Sequences expressed 4-fold or higher in wt-infected cells included transcripts encoding interferon (IFN), IFN regulatory factors (IRFs), IFN stimulated genes (ISGs) such as Mx and MHC class I, and interleukins IL-1β, IL-8, IL-17C and IL-12. Cells infected with the 18K KO mutant (∆18K) showed qualitative differences and lower levels of induction. Collectively, these results indicate that ranavirus infection induced expression of multiple cellular genes affecting both innate and acquired immunity.
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