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Furtado JD, Yamamoto R, Melchior JT, Andraski AB, Gamez-Guerrero M, Mulcahy P, He Z, Cai T, Davidson WS, Sacks FM. Distinct Proteomic Signatures in 16 HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein) Subspecies. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2019; 38:2827-2842. [PMID: 30571168 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.118.311607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective- HDL (high-density lipoprotein) in plasma is a heterogeneous group of lipoproteins typically containing apo AI as the principal protein. Most HDLs contain additional proteins from a palate of nearly 100 HDL-associated polypeptides. We hypothesized that some of these proteins define distinct and stable apo AI HDL subspecies with unique proteomes that drive function and associations with disease. Approach and Results- We produced 17 plasma pools from 80 normolipidemic human participants (32 men, 48 women; aged 21-66 years). Using immunoaffinity isolation techniques, we isolated apo AI containing species from plasma and then used antibodies to 16 additional HDL protein components to isolate compositional subspecies. We characterized previously described HDL subspecies containing apo AII, apo CIII, and apo E; and 13 novel HDL subspecies defined by presence of apo AIV, apo CI, apo CII, apo J, α-1-antitrypsin, α-2-macroglobulin, plasminogen, fibrinogen, ceruloplasmin, haptoglobin, paraoxonase-1, apo LI, or complement C3. The novel species ranged in abundance from 1% to 18% of total plasma apo AI. Their concentrations were stable over time as demonstrated by intraclass correlations in repeated sampling from the same participants over 3 to 24 months (0.33-0.86; mean 0.62). Some proteomes of the subspecies relative to total HDL were strongly correlated, often among subspecies defined by similar functions: lipid metabolism, hemostasis, antioxidant, or anti-inflammatory. Permutation analysis showed that the proteomes of 12 of the 16 subspecies differed significantly from that of total HDL. Conclusions- Taken together, correlation and permutation analyses support speciation of HDL. Functional studies of these novel subspecies and determination of their relation to diseases may provide new avenues to understand the HDL system of lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy D Furtado
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Rain Yamamoto
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations (R.Y.)
| | - John T Melchior
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (J.T.M., W.S.D.)
| | - Allison B Andraski
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Maria Gamez-Guerrero
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Harpoon Therapeutics (M.G.-G.)
| | - Patrick Mulcahy
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA.,Shire Pharmaceuticals (P.M.)
| | - Zeling He
- Department of Biostatistics (Z.H., T.C.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Tianxi Cai
- Department of Biostatistics (Z.H., T.C.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - W Sean Davidson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati, OH (J.T.M., W.S.D.)
| | - Frank M Sacks
- From the Department of Nutrition (J.D.F., R.Y., A.B.A., M.G.-G., P.M., F.M.S.), Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA
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Podolsak B, Peter G, Oller J. Correlations between age-dependent protein and lipid concentrations in plasma and platelet functions in children. Eur J Pediatr 1979; 132:21-35. [PMID: 91514 DOI: 10.1007/bf00443201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The correlations between the levels of various plasma proteins and lipids and platelet function on glass and platelet factor 3 (PF 3)-availability in children of different age-groups were investigated. Several statistically significant positive and some significant negative correlations were found. Although conclusions based solely on such correlations should be considered with reservation, in our opinion the following factors should stimulate platelet function: prealbumin (adhesion and PF 3-availability in all age-groups, aggregation--specifically for children in puberty); alpha 1-antitrypsin (PF 3-availability); alpha 2-macroglobulin (platelet spreading capacity, PF 3-availability); plasminogen (platelet adhesion and aggregation--specifically for boys in puberty); caeruloplasmin (number of "free adhering platelets" spreading capacity); lysolecithin and lecithin (time-dependent increase of spontaneous platelet adhesion and aggregation, PF 3-availability); and free fatty acids (FFA) (PF 3-availability). Plasminogen and complement component C'3 show a negative relationship to the time-dependent increase of spontaneous platelet adhesiveness and aggregability in platelet-rich plasma.
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