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Fichtner F, Dissanayake IM, Lacombe B, Barbier F. Sugar and Nitrate Sensing: A Multi-Billion-Year Story. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:352-374. [PMID: 33281060 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Sugars and nitrate play a major role in providing carbon and nitrogen in plants. Understanding how plants sense these nutrients is crucial, most notably for crop improvement. The mechanisms underlying sugar and nitrate sensing are complex and involve moonlighting proteins such as the nitrate transporter NRT1.1/NFP6.3 or the glycolytic enzyme HXK1. Major components of nutrient signaling, such as SnRK1, TOR, and HXK1, are relatively well conserved across eukaryotes, and the diversification of components such as the NRT1 family and the SWEET sugar transporters correlates with plant terrestrialization. In plants, Tre6P plays a hormone-like role in plant development. In addition, nutrient signaling has evolved to interact with the more recent hormone signaling, allowing fine-tuning of physiological and developmental responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Fichtner
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | - Benoit Lacombe
- Biochimie et Physiologie Moléculaire des Plantes (BPMP), Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation, et l'Environnement (INRAE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Montpellier SupAgro, University of Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Francois Barbier
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
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Habitability of the early earth: Clues from the physiology of nitrogen fixation and photosynthesis. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 1985. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01808171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Seewaldt E, Schleifer KH, Bock E, Stackebrandt E. The close phylogenetic relationship of Nitrobacter and Rhodopseudomonas palustris. Arch Microbiol 1982. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00405895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Abstract
The selective Darwinian theory of chemical evolution is critically reviewed and the tentative conclusion is reached that neither the theoretical analyses nor the experiments with phages can really prove it. An alternative proposal is put forth which considers the possibility that the biogenetic process has been driven by stochastic forces, e.g. it took place in the absence of Darwinian selection which, in turn, started only when the first protocells came into existence. The dynamics of the early self-organization of living structures should be understood in terms of self-assembly. The complexification of living matter is thus not represented as a gradual phenomenon but as a series of abrupt and relatively fast transitions consisting in the aggregation of pre-systems which had evolved by their own. The shift towards new and variegated states proposed by the bifurcation theory are not considered particularly relevant for reasons reported in the test, nor is it believed that dissipation can entirely account for the order observed in living cells.
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ON THE ROLE OF ORGANIZED MULTIENZYME SYSTEMS IN CELLULAR METABOLISM: A GENERAL SYNTHESIS. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-08-020295-2.50006-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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On the role of organized multienzyme systems in cellular metabolism: A general synthesis. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0079-6107(78)90019-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 198] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Abstract
The possibility is put forth that the mitochondrion did not originate from an endosymbiosis, 1-2 billion years ago, involving an aerobic bacterium. Rather, it arose by endosymbiosis in a much early, anaerobic period, and was initially a photosynthetic organelle, analogous to the modern chloroplast. This suggestion arises from a reconsideration of the nature of endosymbiosis. It explains the remarkable diversity in mitochondrial information storage and processing systems.
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Welch GR. On the free energy "cost of transition" in intermediary metabolic processes and the evolution of cellular infrastructure. J Theor Biol 1977; 68:267-91. [PMID: 926798 DOI: 10.1016/0022-5193(77)90165-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Egami F. Anaerobic respiration and photoautotrophy in the evolution of prokaryotes. ORIGINS OF LIFE 1977; 8:169-71. [PMID: 917500 DOI: 10.1007/bf00927981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Abstract
A theoretical study on evolution has been carried out, with the aim of disproving some value judgements essentially represented by the idea that the degree of evolution can increase. Our conclusions are based upon the preliminary statement that efficiency of survival is directly related to regulative ability. On this ground our reasoning led us to conclude that: (i) actual fitness measure units derive from an anthropocentric bias, and they mainly evaluate similarity to man rather than some objective parameter; (ii) a complete and meaningful unit is, at present, impossible to achieve in practice; (iii) since the study of evolution is only descriptive, and since the evolutionary process is time dependent, every ecological dominant living today must be considered as the most fitted to its environment; (iv) the view we can have of evolution is simply a transection, so that many generalized phyletic trees are trivial and it is impossible to claim the persistence today of those "ancestor organisms" upon which such trees are constructed. Moreover, a functional definition of the term "organism" is given, following criteria drawn from bioenergetics and from biological hierarchization. The concluding step is the assemblage of a slightly heterodox model for evolution.
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Egami F. Comment on the position of nitrate respiration in metabolic evolution. ORIGINS OF LIFE 1976; 7:71-2. [PMID: 967405 DOI: 10.1007/bf01218515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Abstract
When in the primeval atmosphere ammonia approached exhaustion, bacteria resembling clostridia developed mechanisms for nitrogen fixation. The fixation was continued by the photosynthetic bacteria. In the later, oxidizing, atmosphere the combined activities of the nitrificants and the denitrificants could lead to a large-scale cyclic regeneration of free nitrogen. The possibility of a descent of the nitrificants from hypothetical photosynthetic bacteria, which used ammonia as electron donor, is discussed. The anoxygenic atmosphere contained no nitrate, and therefore neither nitrate fermentation nor nitrate respiration were precursors of aerobic respiration. This evolved from photosynthesis. In nitrate fermentation, nitrate serves only as an incidental electron acceptor; this process is merely an evolutionary sideline. Nitrate respiration evolved from aerobic respiration. While in present conditions the reaction of nitrogen with oxygen and water to give nitrate is exergonic and possibly occurs at a low rate, the antagonistic action of the denitrificants maintains the stationary concentrations of nitrogen and oxygen in the air.
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Abstract
Evidence for the molten Earth at its accretion time has been accumulated through the geochemical investigations and the observations of the surfaces of planets by space probes such as Venera 8, Mariner 9, Surveyor, Luna, and Apollo. The primitive terrestrial atmosphere might have been derived from the volcanic gases, as suggested by Rubey, but of a higher temperature than so far assumed. A thermochemical calculation of the composition of the volcanic gas suggests the following possibilities: (1) Large amounts of H2 and CO were present in the primitive atmosphere. This gives a theoretical basis for the HCN-production experiment by Abelson. (2) HCHO and NH3 existed in the primitive oceans, of the amount comparable with the weight of the present biosphere. (3) Plenty of NO3-, SO4, and PO4 were expected in the primitive oceans. The NO3- ions might have been useful for the nitrate respiration advocated by Egami. In an appendix, it is argued, on ;he basis of the observational evidence of the exospheric temperatures of planets by space probes, that a highly reducing atmosphere would (if it existed on the primitive Earth) have disappeared very quickly due to the thermal escape of hydrogen from its exosphere.
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Abstract
There is no evolutionary continuity between photochemical abiosynthesis and bacterial photosynthesis. Rather, the photosynthetic bacteria are descendants of fermenters that did not use light. Photosynthesis and respiration, both using electron flow coupled with phosphorylation, have a common origin ('conversion hypothesis'), but photosynthesis came first. Anaerobic (nitrate or sulphate) respiration cannot have preceded photosynthesis as neither nitrate nor sulphate existed on the early earth. Sulphate was made first by photosynthetic sulphur bacteria. Nitrate arose even later, namely, in the aerobic biosphere produced by the blue-green algae, the first 'phytotrophs'. Photophosphorylation may have originated through the combination with membrane function of substrate level phosphorylation in reactionsand function of substrate level phosphorylation in reactions of photoproducts. Cyclic photophosphorylation arose while the biosphere was still reducing. It was supplemented later by processes for the light-based production of reducing power (NADH), ATP-powered electron flow, and subsequently light-powered electron flow with ATP production (noncyclic photophosphoryaltion). These later processes served the assimilation of CO2.
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The iron-sulphur proteins: Evolution of a ubiquitous protein from model systems to higher organisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01207637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Inorganic types of fermentation and anaerobic respirations in the evolution of energy-yielding metabolism. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01207640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Hall DO, Cammack R, Rao KK. Ferredoxins in the evolution of photosynthetic systems from anaerobic bacteria to higher plants. SPACE LIFE SCIENCES 1973; 4:455-68. [PMID: 4203768 DOI: 10.1007/bf00930357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Trüper HG, Rogers LA. Purification and properties of adenylyl sulfate reductase from the phototrophic sulfur bacterium, Thiocapsa roseopersicina. J Bacteriol 1971; 108:1112-21. [PMID: 5139533 PMCID: PMC247194 DOI: 10.1128/jb.108.3.1112-1121.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adenylyl sulfate reductase was purified from Thiocapsa roseopersicina 60- to 80- fold, and the properties were studied. The molecular weight is 180,000. The enzyme contains, per molecule; one flavine group, two heme groups of cytochrome c character, four atoms of nonheme iron, and six labile sulfide groups. Cytochrome c and ferricyanide serve as electron acceptors. With ferricyanide as the electron acceptor, the pH optimum of the enzyme is at 8.0; with cytochrome c, the pH optimum is at 9.0. Of the nucleotides studied, adenosine 5'-monophosphate is most effective. The influence of substrate concentrations on the activity of the enzyme was studied, and the K(m) values for sulfite, adenosine 5'-monophosphate, ferricyanide, and cytochrome c were determined. The properties of the enzyme are compared with those of adenylyl sulfate reductases purified from sulfate-reducing bacteria and thiobacilli.
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