1
|
Chen G, Khan IM, Zhang T, Campanella OH, Miao M. Alternansucrase as a key enabling tool of biotransformation from molecular features to applications: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135096. [PMID: 39214198 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Alternansucrase (ASR), classified in GH70, produces unique α-glucans with alternating α-1,3 and α-1,6 glycosidic linkages in the backbone chain from renewable sucrose which is easily obtained from nature with low cost. ASR has synthesized many products with valuable functionalities that hold enormous commercial interest and promising applications. The influence of biocatalysis and fermentation parameters on the yields, and properties of products are critical for the propositions made to promote the enzyme application. Investigations on ASR have been compiled in the review to provide information on the enzyme, products and parameters. This review summarizes studies on the characteristics, conversion mechanism, products, and beneficial applications of ASR and exhibits structure-based technologies to improve enzyme activity, specificity, and thermostability for industrial applications. Finally, prospects for further development are also proposed for various ASR applications in food and other fields.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; College of Food and Health, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forest University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Imran Mahmood Khan
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Osvaldo H Campanella
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Du R, Yu L, Sun M, Ye G, Yang Y, Zhou B, Qian Z, Ling H, Ge J. Characterization of Dextran Biosynthesized by Glucansucrase from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides and Their Potential Biotechnological Applications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020275. [PMID: 36829833 PMCID: PMC9952297 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Glucansucrase was purified from Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides. The glucansucrase exhibited maximum activity at pH 5.5 and 30 °C. Ca2+ significantly promoted enzyme activity. An exopolysaccharide (EPS) was synthesized by this glucansucrase in vitro and purified. The molecular weight of the EPS was 3.083 × 106 Da. Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy showed that the main structure of glucan was 97.3% α-(1→6)-linked D-glucopyranose units, and α-(1→3) branched chain accounted for 2.7%. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of dextran showed that its surface was smooth and flaky. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) of dextran revealed a chain-like microstructure with many irregular protuberances in aqueous solution. The results showed that dextran had good thermal stability, water holding capacity, water solubility and emulsifying ability (EA), as well as good antioxidant activity; thus it has broad prospects for development in the fields of food, biomedicine, and medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renpeng Du
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Liansheng Yu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Meng Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Guangbin Ye
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Bosen Zhou
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhigang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hongzhi Ling
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-0451-86609134 (H.L.); Fax: +86-0451-86608046 (J.G.)
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.G.); Tel.: +86-0451-86609134 (H.L.); Fax: +86-0451-86608046 (J.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Insights into extracellular dextran formation by Liquorilactobacillus nagelii TMW 1.1827 using secretomes obtained in the presence or absence of sucrose. Enzyme Microb Technol 2020; 143:109724. [PMID: 33375966 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2020.109724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dextrans are α-(1,6)-linked glucose polymers, which are exclusively produced by lactic acid bacteria from sucrose via extracellular dextransucrases. Previous studies suggested that the environmental pH and the presence of sucrose can impact the release and activity of these enzymes. To get deeper insight into this phenomenon, the dextransucrase expressed by water kefir borne Liquorilactobacillus (L.) nagelii TMW 1.1827 (formerly Lactobacillus nagelii) was recovered in supernatants of buffered cell suspensions that had been incubated with or without sucrose and at different pH. The obtained secretomes were used to time-dependently produce and recover dextrans, whose molecular and macromolecular structures were determined by methylation analysis and AF4-MALS-UV measurements, respectively. The initial pH of the buffered cell suspensions had solely a minor influence on the released dextransucrase activity. When sucrose was present during incubation, the secretomes contained significantly higher dextransucrase activities, although the amounts of totally released proteins obtained with or without sucrose were comparable. However, the dextransucrase appeared to be released in lower amounts into the environment if sucrose was not present. The amount of isolable dextran increased up to 24 h of production, although the total sucrose was consumed within the first 10 min of incubation. Furthermore, the sucrose isomer leucrose had been formed after 10 min, while its concentrations decreased over time and the portions of longer isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) increased. This indicated that leucrose can be used by L. nagelii TMW 1.1827 to produce more elongated and branched dextran molecules from presynthesized IMOs, while disproportionation reactions on short IMOs may appear additionally. This leads to increasing amounts of high molecular weight dextran in a state of sucrose depletion. These findings reveal new insights into the pH- and sucrose-dependent kinetics of extracellular dextran formation and may be useful for optimization of fermentative and enzymatic dextran production processes.
Collapse
|
4
|
Extracellular polysaccharides produced by bacteria of the Leuconostoc genus. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 36:161. [DOI: 10.1007/s11274-020-02937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
5
|
Molina M, Moulis C, Monties N, Pizzut-Serin S, Guieysse D, Morel S, Cioci G, Remaud-Siméon M. Deciphering an Undecided Enzyme: Investigations of the Structural Determinants Involved in the Linkage Specificity of Alternansucrase. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b04510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manon Molina
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Claire Moulis
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Nelly Monties
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sandra Pizzut-Serin
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - David Guieysse
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Sandrine Morel
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gianluca Cioci
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Magali Remaud-Siméon
- LISBP (Laboratoire d’Ingénierie des Systèmes Biologiques et des Procédés), Université de Toulouse, CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique), INRA (Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique), INSA (Institut National des Sciences Appliquées), F-31077 Toulouse, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gangoiti J, Corwin SF, Lamothe LM, Vafiadi C, Hamaker BR, Dijkhuizen L. Synthesis of novel α-glucans with potential health benefits through controlled glucose release in the human gastrointestinal tract. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2018; 60:123-146. [PMID: 30525940 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2018.1516621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The glycemic carbohydrates we consume are currently viewed in an unfavorable light in both the consumer and medical research worlds. In significant part, these carbohydrates, mainly starch and sucrose, are looked upon negatively due to their rapid and abrupt glucose delivery to the body which causes a high glycemic response. However, dietary carbohydrates which are digested and release glucose in a slow manner are recognized as providing health benefits. Slow digestion of glycemic carbohydrates can be caused by several factors, including food matrix effect which impedes α-amylase access to substrate, or partial inhibition by plant secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds. Differences in digestion rate of these carbohydrates may also be due to their specific structures (e.g. variations in degree of branching and/or glycosidic linkages present). In recent years, much has been learned about the synthesis and digestion kinetics of novel α-glucans (i.e. small oligosaccharides or larger polysaccharides based on glucose units linked in different positions by α-bonds). It is the synthesis and digestion of such structures that is the subject of this review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joana Gangoiti
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sarah F Corwin
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Lisa M Lamothe
- Nestlé Research Center, Vers-Chez-Les-Blanc, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Song L, Miao M, Jiang B, Xu T, Cui SW, Zhang T. Leuconostoc citreum SK24.002 glucansucrase: Biochemical characterisation and de novo synthesis of α-glucan. Int J Biol Macromol 2016; 91:123-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
8
|
Meng X, Gangoiti J, Bai Y, Pijning T, Van Leeuwen SS, Dijkhuizen L. Structure-function relationships of family GH70 glucansucrase and 4,6-α-glucanotransferase enzymes, and their evolutionary relationships with family GH13 enzymes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2016; 73:2681-706. [PMID: 27155661 PMCID: PMC4919382 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-016-2245-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are known to produce large amounts of α-glucan exopolysaccharides. Family GH70 glucansucrase (GS) enzymes catalyze the synthesis of these α-glucans from sucrose. The elucidation of the crystal structures of representative GS enzymes has advanced our understanding of their reaction mechanism, especially structural features determining their linkage specificity. In addition, with the increase of genome sequencing, more and more GS enzymes are identified and characterized. Together, such knowledge may promote the synthesis of α-glucans with desired structures and properties from sucrose. In the meantime, two new GH70 subfamilies (GTFB- and GTFC-like) have been identified as 4,6-α-glucanotransferases (4,6-α-GTs) that represent novel evolutionary intermediates between the family GH13 and "classical GH70 enzymes". These enzymes are not active on sucrose; instead, they use (α1 → 4) glucans (i.e. malto-oligosaccharides and starch) as substrates to synthesize novel α-glucans by introducing linear chains of (α1 → 6) linkages. All these GH70 enzymes are very interesting biocatalysts and hold strong potential for applications in the food, medicine and cosmetic industries. In this review, we summarize the microbiological distribution and the structure-function relationships of family GH70 enzymes, introduce the two newly identified GH70 subfamilies, and discuss evolutionary relationships between family GH70 and GH13 enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangfeng Meng
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Joana Gangoiti
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Yuxiang Bai
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Tjaard Pijning
- Biophysical Chemistry, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Sander S Van Leeuwen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Lubbert Dijkhuizen
- Microbial Physiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 7, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Musa A, Miao M, Zhang T, Jiang B. Biotransformation of stevioside by Leuconostoc citreum SK24.002 alternansucrase acceptor reaction. Food Chem 2014; 146:23-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2013.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Revised: 07/04/2013] [Accepted: 09/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
10
|
Mohan Rao TJ, Goyal A. Purification, optimization of assay, and stability studies of dextransucrase isolated from Weissella cibaria JAG8. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2013; 43:329-41. [PMID: 23464916 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2012.737400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Dextransucrase-producing (Gen Bank accession no. KC110687) Weissella cibaria JAG8 was isolated from apple. The cell-free extract containing dextransucrase with specific activity of 1.0 U/mg was purified by polyethylene glycol (PEG). A concentration of 33% (v/v) PEG-400 fractionation gave a specific activity of 20.0 U/mg, whereas 15% (w/v) PEG-1500 resulted in a specific activity of 10.6 U/mg. The PEG-400-purified enzyme was further purified by chromatography using a Sephacryl S-300HR column, which resulted in 37-fold purification with 37 U/mg. The non-denaturing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) of column-purified enzyme showed a single homogenous band of 177 kDa by silver staining. The production of dextran was confirmed by in situ detection of the activity band using periodic acid-Schiff's base staining. The optimum assay conditions for dextransucrase were 35°C, pH 5.4, and 5.0% (w/v) sucrose concentration. The enzyme followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics with Km of 13 mM and Vmax 27.5 U/mg. The enzyme was stable in 10-500 mM sodium acetate buffer, pH 5.4. A 22% increase in enzyme activity was observed with 2 mM magnesium chloride; 64% loss in enzyme activity was observed with 10 mM ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), whereas a complete loss in activity was observed with 5 M urea. The dextransucrase was stable up to 35°C and pH of 5.4 for 1 hr.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- T Jagan Mohan Rao
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati, Assam, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Côté GL, Skory CD. Cloning, expression, and characterization of an insoluble glucan-producing glucansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1118. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 93:2387-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3562-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2011] [Revised: 08/16/2011] [Accepted: 08/19/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
12
|
Vettori MHPB, Mukerjea R, Robyt JF. Comparative study of the efficacies of nine assay methods for the dextransucrase synthesis of dextran. Carbohydr Res 2011; 346:1077-82. [PMID: 21529789 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2011.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2010] [Revised: 02/09/2011] [Accepted: 02/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A comparative study of nine assay methods for dextransucrase and related enzymes has been made. A relatively widespread method for the reaction of dextransucrase with sucrose is the measurement of the reducing value of D-fructose by alkaline 3,5-dinitrosalicylate (DNS) and thereby the amount of D-glucose incorporated into dextran. Another method is the reaction with (14)C-sucrose with the addition of an aliquot to Whatman 3MM paper squares that are washed three times with methanol to remove (14)C-D-fructose and unreacted (14)C-sucrose, followed by counting of (14)C-dextran on the paper by liquid scintillation counting (LSC). It is shown that both methods give erroneous results. The DNS reducing value method gives extremely high values due to over-oxidation of both D-fructose and dextran, and the (14)C-paper square method gives significantly low values due to the removal of some of the (14)C-dextran from the paper by methanol washes. In the present study, we have examined nine methods and find two that give values that are identical and are an accurate measurement of the dextransucrase reaction. They are (1) a (14)C-sucrose/dextransucrase digest in which dextran is precipitated three times with three volumes of ethanol, dissolved in water, and added to paper and counted in a toluene cocktail by LSC; and (2) precipitation of dextran three times with three volumes of ethanol from a sucrose/dextransucrase digest, dried, and weighed. Four reducing value methods were examined to measure the amount of D-fructose. Three of the four (two DNS methods, one with both dextran and D-fructose and the other with only D-fructose, and the ferricyanide/arsenomolybdate method with D-fructose) gave extremely high values due to over-oxidation of D-fructose, D-glucose, leucrose, and dextran.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Helen P B Vettori
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Enzymology, Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
In vitro screening of probiotic lactic acid bacteria and prebiotic glucooligosaccharides to select effective synbiotics. Anaerobe 2010; 16:493-500. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anaerobe.2010.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Revised: 07/07/2010] [Accepted: 07/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
14
|
Waldherr FW, Doll VM, Meißner D, Vogel RF. Identification and characterization of a glucan-producing enzyme from Lactobacillus hilgardii TMW 1.828 involved in granule formation of water kefir. Food Microbiol 2010; 27:672-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2010.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2010] [Accepted: 03/23/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
15
|
PURAMA RAVIKIRAN, GOYAL ARUN. OPTIMIZATION OF CONDITIONS OFLEUCONOSTOC MESENTEROIDESNRRL B-640 FOR PRODUCTION OF A DEXTRANSUCRASE AND ITS ASSAY. J Food Biochem 2009. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00219.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
16
|
Purama RK, Goyal A. Identification, effective purification and functional characterization of dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-640. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2008; 99:3635-42. [PMID: 17892930 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2007.07.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2007] [Revised: 07/16/2007] [Accepted: 07/17/2007] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular dextransucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-640 was purified using polyethylene glycol fractionation (PEG) and gel-filtration. The cell free extract was subjected to fractionation by PEG-200, 400 and 1500. The 10% (w/v) PEG-1500 gave dextransucrase with maximum specific activity of 23 with 40 fold purification in a single step. The purified enzyme showed multiple molecular forms on SDS-PAGE, however the same sample showed a single band on non-denaturing native-PAGE. The purified dextransucrase fractions obtained from PEG-1500, confirmed the presence of dextran, when run on SDS-PAGE under non-denaturing gels for in situ activity detection by Periodic Acid Schiff's staining. The activity bands corresponded to the native and active form of the purified dextransucrase of approximately, 180kDa molecular size, that appeared on the denaturing gels stained with Coomassie Brilliant Blue. No bands appeared after staining the activity of dextransucrase on non denaturing SDS-PAGE gels with raffinose, which excluded the presence of fructosyltransferases. Further purification of 10% PEG-1500 purified dextransucrase by gel-filtration gave dextransucrase with specific activity of 35 with 61 fold purification.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kiran Purama
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, North Guwahati, Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Biofilm formation by exopolysaccharide mutants of Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NRRL B-1355. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 78:1025-31. [PMID: 18301888 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1384-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2007] [Revised: 01/22/2008] [Accepted: 01/25/2008] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain NRRL B-1355 produces the soluble exopolysaccharides alternan and dextran in planktonic cultures. Mutants of this strain are available that are deficient in the production of alternan, dextran, or both. Another mutant of NRRL B-1355, strain R1510, produces an insoluble glucan in place of alternan and dextran. To test the effect of exopolysaccharide production on biofilm formation, these strains were cultured in a biofilm reactor. All strains grew well as biofilms, with comparable cell densities, including strain NRRL B-21414, which produces neither alternan nor dextran in planktonic cultures. However, the exopolysaccharide phenotype clearly affected the appearance of the biofilms and the sloughed-off biofilm material produced by these biofilms. For all strains, soluble glucansucrases and soluble polysaccharides produced by biofilm cultures appeared to be similar to those produced by planktonic cultures. Biofilms from all strains also contained insoluble polysaccharides. Strain R1510 biofilms contained an insoluble polysaccharide similar to that produced by planktonic cultures. For most other strains, the insoluble biofilm polysaccharides resembled a mixture of alternan and dextran.
Collapse
|
18
|
Expression and characterization of dextransucrase gene dsrX from Leuconostoc mesenteroides in Escherichia coli. J Biotechnol 2008; 133:505-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2007.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2007] [Revised: 11/15/2007] [Accepted: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
19
|
Iliev I, Vassileva T, Ignatova C, Ivanova I, Haertlé T, Monsan P, Chobert JM. Gluco-oligosaccharides synthesized by glucosyltransferases from constitutive mutants of Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain Lm 28. J Appl Microbiol 2007; 104:243-50. [PMID: 17887982 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2007.03555.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS To find different types of glucosyltransferases (GTFs) produced by Leuconostoc mesenteroides strain Lm 28 and its mutant forms, and to check the effectiveness of gluco-oligosaccharide synthesis using maltose as the acceptor. METHODS AND RESULTS Constitutive mutants were obtained after chemical mutagenesis by ethyl methane sulfonate. Lm M281 produced more active GTFs than that obtained by the parental strain cultivated on sucrose. GTF from Lm M286 produced a resistant glucan, based on endo-dextranase and amyloglucosidase hydrolysis. The extracellular enzymes from Lm M286 catalyse acceptor reactions and transfer the glucose unit from sucrose to maltose to produce gluco-oligosaccharides (GOS). By increasing the sucrose/maltose ratio, it was possible to catalyse the synthesis of oligosaccharides of increasing degree of polymerization (DP). CONCLUSIONS Different types of GTFs (dextransucrase, alternansucrase and levansucrase) were produced from new constitutive mutants of Leuc. mesenteroides. GTFs from Lm M286 can catalyse the acceptor reaction in the presence of maltose, leading to the synthesis of branched oligosaccharides. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY Conditions were optimized to synthesize GOS by using GTFs from Lm M286, with the aim of producing maximum quantities of branched-chain oligosaccharides with DP 3-5. This would allow the use of the latter as prebiotics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Iliev
- Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Plovdiv University, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Joucla G, Pizzut S, Monsan P, Remaud-Simeon M. Construction of a fully active truncated alternansucrase partially deleted of its carboxy-terminal domain. FEBS Lett 2006; 580:763-8. [PMID: 16413550 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2006.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2005] [Revised: 12/06/2005] [Accepted: 01/01/2006] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant expression of the large alternansucrase (2057 amino acids) was hindered in E. coli due to poor enzyme solubility and protein degradation. The effects of deletions of the alternansucrase C-terminal CW-like and APY repeated motifs on enzyme solubility and specificity were investigated. A truncated variant deleted of the APY repeats but harboring four C-terminal CW-like repeats displayed a high specific activity and the same specificity of product synthesis as the native enzyme. It is more soluble and suffers less degradation than full length alternansucrase. Hence this truncated variant is a promising tool for the further structural and kinetic study of this interesting enzyme.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gilles Joucla
- Ecole Supérieure de Technologie des Biomolécules de Bordeaux (ESTBB), Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 Rue Léo Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux Cedex, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Richard G, Morel S, Willemot RM, Monsan P, Remaud-Simeon M. Glucosylation of alpha-butyl- and alpha-octyl-D-glucopyranosides by dextransucrase and alternansucrase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Carbohydr Res 2003; 338:855-64. [PMID: 12681910 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(03)00070-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
For the first time, glucosylation of alpha-butyl- and alpha-octylglucopyranoside was achieved using dextransucrase (DS) of various specificities, and alternansucrase (AS) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides. All the glucansucrases (GS) tested used alpha-butylglucopyranoside as acceptor; in particular, DS produced alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-butyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside and alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-O-butyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. In contrast, alpha-octylglucopyranoside was glucosylated only by AS which was shown to be the most efficient catalyst. The conversion rates, obtained with this enzyme at sucrose to acceptor molar ratio of 2:1 reached 81 and 61% for alpha-butylglucopyranoside and alpha-octylglucopyranoside, respectively. Analyses obtained from liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry revealed that different series of alpha-alkylpolyglucopyranosides regioisomers of increasing polymerization degree can be formed depending on the specificity of the catalyst.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaëtan Richard
- Département de Génie Biochimique et Alimentaire, Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse 4, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Argüello Morales MA, Remaud-Simeon M, Willemot RM, Vignon MR, Monsan P. Novel oligosaccharides synthesized from sucrose donor and cellobiose acceptor by alternansucrase. Carbohydr Res 2001; 331:403-11. [PMID: 11398982 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(01)00038-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Cellobiose was tested as acceptor in the reaction catalyzed by alternansucrase (EC 2.4.1.140) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-23192. The oligosaccharides synthesized were compared to those obtained with dextransucrase from L. mesenteroides NRRL B-512F. With alternansucrase and dextransucrase, overall oligosaccharide synthesis yield reached 30 and 14%, respectively, showing that alternansucrase is more efficient than dextransucrase for cellobiose glucosylation. Interestingly, alternansucrase produced a series of oligosaccharides from cellobiose. Their structure was determined by mass spectrometry and [13C-1H] NMR spectroscopy. Two trisaccharides are first produced: alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-D-glucopyranose (compound A) and alpha-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->4)-D-glucopyranose (compound B). Then, compound B can in turn be glucosylated leading to the synthesis of a tetrasaccharide with an additional alpha-(1-->6) linkage at the non-reducing end (compound D). The presence of the alpha-(1-->3) linkage occurred only in the pentasaccharides (compounds C1 and C2) formed from tetrasaccharide D. Compounds B, C1, C2 and D were never described before. They were produced efficiently only by alternansucrase. Their presence emphasizes the difference existing in the acceptor reaction selectivity of the various glucansucrases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Argüello Morales
- Department de Génie Biochimique et Alimentaire, Centre de Bioingénierie, Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Monsan P, Bozonnet S, Albenne C, Joucla G, Willemot RM, Remaud-Siméon M. Homopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. Int Dairy J 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0958-6946(01)00113-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 227] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
|
25
|
Argüello-Morales MA, Remaud-Simeon M, Pizzut S, Sarçabal P, Willemot R, Monsan P. Sequence analysis of the gene encoding alternansucrase, a sucrose glucosyltransferase from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2000; 182:81-5. [PMID: 10612736 DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2000.tb08878.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The gene encoding alternansucrase (ASR) from Leuconostoc mesenteroides NRRL B-1355, an original sucrose glucosyltransferase (GTF) specific to alternating alpha-1,3 and alpha-1,6 glucosidic bond synthesis, was cloned, sequenced and expressed into Escherichia coli. Recombinant enzyme catalyzed oligoalternan synthesis from sucrose and maltose acceptor. From sequence comparison, it appears that ASR possesses the same domains as those described for GTFs specific to either contiguous alpha-1,3 osidic bond or contiguous alpha-1,6 osidic bond synthesis. However, the variable region and the glucan binding domain are longer than in other GTFs (by 100 and 200 amino acids respectively). The N-catalytic domain which presents 49% identity with the other GTFs from L. mesenteroides possesses the three determinants potentially involved in the glucosyl enzyme formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Argüello-Morales
- Centre de Bioingénierie Gilbert Durand, UMR CNRS 5504, UMR INRA 792, INSA, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 310077, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
|
27
|
Smith MR, Zahnley JC. Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1355 Mutants Producing Alternansucrases Exhibiting Decreases in Apparent Molecular Mass. Appl Environ Microbiol 1997; 63:581-6. [PMID: 16535514 PMCID: PMC1389520 DOI: 10.1128/aem.63.2.581-586.1997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutants of Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1355 exhibiting decreases in the apparent molecular mass of alternansucrase on sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)-polyacrylamide gels stained for enzyme activity were isolated after mutagenizing strain R15 with N-methyl-N(prm1)-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. Strain R15 was a UV mutant of strain B-1355 which was enriched for production of alternansucrase. All strains produced principal and minor alternansucrase bands on SDS gels when cultures were subjected to SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). The patterns of the principal and minor activity bands on our SDS gels did not result from dextran-enzyme complexes, because mutants constitutive for synthesis of glucosyltransferases (GTFs) on sugars other than sucrose produced activity bands after growth in glucose medium that were the same as those produced after growth in sucrose medium. Dextransucrase, which had been inactivated by heating at 45(deg)C, was reactivated when subjected to SDS-PAGE, showing that our SDS-PAGE conditions were reversibly denaturing. Thermal denaturation at 45(deg)C did not involve a dispersal of GTFs into subunits. Densitometry measurements showed a roughly linear relationship between enzyme activity and band intensity over a loading range of 0.2 to 0.8 mU per sample well. We concluded that SDS-PAGE followed by activity staining was a reliable method for estimating numbers and ratios of GTFs produced by Leuconostoc sp. in media containing sucrose.
Collapse
|
28
|
Leathers TD, Hayman GT, Cote GL. Rapid screening of Leuconostoc mesenteroides mutants for elevated proportions of alternan to dextran. Curr Microbiol 1995. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00294628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
29
|
Zahnley JC, Smith MR. Insoluble Glucan Formation by Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1355. Appl Environ Microbiol 1995; 61:1120-3. [PMID: 16534961 PMCID: PMC1388393 DOI: 10.1128/aem.61.3.1120-1123.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc mesenteroides B-1355 produced at least three glucosyltransferases (GTFs). We previously identified GTF-2 as alternansucrase and GTF-3 as fraction L dextransucrase. We here show that GTF-1 is a previously unreported sucrase that synthesized water-insoluble dextran. Our evidence consisted of the following. (i) GTF-1 was a major component and GTF-2 was a minor component of culture supernatant fractions, but supernatant fractions actively synthesized water-insoluble glucan. (ii) GTF-1 and culture supernatants produced an unusual high-pressure liquid chromatography pattern of malto-oligosaccharides that was not reproduced by GTF-2-GTF-3 mixtures. (iii) GTF-2, GTF-3, and GTF-2-GTF-3 mixtures did not synthesize insoluble glucan from sucrose. Nearly all of the alternansucrase in young (less than 17-h) cultures was associated with the cells.
Collapse
|
30
|
Smith MR, Zahnley J, Goodman N. Glucosyltransferase Mutants of
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
NRRL B-1355. Appl Environ Microbiol 1994; 60:2723-31. [PMID: 16349346 PMCID: PMC201715 DOI: 10.1128/aem.60.8.2723-2731.1994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Leuconostoc mesenteroides
NRRL B-1355 produces dextrans and alternan from sucrose. Alternan is an unusual dextran-like polymer containing alternating α(1→6)/α(1→3) glucosidic bonds. Cultures were mutagenized with UV and ethyl methanesulfonate, and colony morphology mutants were selected on 10% sucrose plates. Colony morphology variants exhibited changes from parent cultures in the production of one or more glucosyltransferases (GTFs) and glucans. Mutants were characterized by measuring resistance of glucan products to dextranase digestion, by electrophoresis, and by high-pressure liquid chromatography of maltose acceptor products generated from sucrose-maltose mixtures. Some mutants produced almost pure fraction L dextran, and cultures exhibited a single principal GTF band on sodium dodecyl sulfate-acrylamide gels. Other mutants produced glucans enriched for alternan. Colony morphology characteristics (size, smoothness, and opacity) and liquid culture properties (clumpiness, color, and viscosity in 10% sucrose medium) were explained on the basis of GTF production. Three principal GTF bands were detected.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M R Smith
- Western Regional Research Center, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Albany, California 94710
| | | | | |
Collapse
|