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Liu B, Lin R, Jiang Y, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Lian H, Zeng Q, Liu X, Liu ZJ, Chen S. Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Genes Associated with Starch Metabolism in Castanea henryi Seed (Fagaceae). Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1431. [PMID: 32093295 PMCID: PMC7073145 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Starch is the most important form of carbohydrate storage and is the major energy reserve in some seeds, especially Castanea henryi. Seed germination is the beginning of the plant's life cycle, and starch metabolism is important for seed germination. As a complex metabolic pathway, the regulation of starch metabolism in C. henryi is still poorly understood. To explore the mechanism of starch metabolism during the germination of C. henryi, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis at the transcriptional level using RNA-seq across four different germination stages, and analyzed the changes in the starch and soluble sugar contents. The results showed that the starch content increased in 0-10 days and decreased in 10-35 days, while the soluble sugar content continuously decreased in 0-30 days and increased in 30-35 days. We identified 49 candidate genes that may be associated with starch and sucrose metabolism. Three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) genes, two nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPS) genes and three starch synthases (SS) genes may be related to starch accumulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression levels of these genes. Our study combined transcriptome data with physiological and biochemical data, revealing potential candidate genes that affect starch metabolism during seed germination, and provides important data about starch metabolism and seed germination in seed plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Ruqiang Lin
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Yuting Jiang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Shuzhen Jiang
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Yuanfang Xiong
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Hui Lian
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Qinmeng Zeng
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Xuedie Liu
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Zhong-Jian Liu
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
| | - Shipin Chen
- College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (B.L.); (R.L.); (Y.J.); (S.J.); (Y.X.); (H.L.); (Q.Z.); (X.L.)
- Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration for Orchid Conservation and Utilization at College of Landscape, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China;
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Ghosh B, Lahiri D, Nag M, Dash S, Ray RR. Bio characterization of purified isoamylase fromRhizopus oryzae. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 50:453-459. [DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1706561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Banita Ghosh
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, India
| | - Dibyajit Lahiri
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Moupriya Nag
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Sudipta Dash
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata, India
| | - Rina Rani Ray
- Department of Biotechnology, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad University of Technology, Kolkata, India
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Huang HB, Chi MC, Hsu WH, Liang WC, Lin LL. Construction and one-step purification of Bacillus kaustophilus leucine aminopeptidase fused to the starch-binding domain of Bacillus sp. strain TS-23 α-amylase. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2005; 27:389. [PMID: 16041515 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-005-0001-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2005] [Accepted: 04/14/2005] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The starch-binding domain of Bacillus sp. strain TS-23 alpha-amylase was introduced into the C-terminal end of Bacillus kaustophilus leucine aminopeptidase (BkLAP) to generate a chimeric enzyme (BkLAPsbd) with raw-starch-binding activity. BkLAPsbd, with an apparent molecular mass of approximately 65 kDa, was overexpressed in Escherichia coli M15 cells and purified to homogeneity by nickel-chelate chromatography. Native PAGE and chromatographic analyses revealed that the purified fusion protein has a hexameric structure. The half-life for BkLAPsbd was 12 min at 70 degrees C, while less than 20% of wild-type enzyme activity retained at the same heating condition. Compared with the wild-type enzyme, the 60% decrease in the catalytic efficiency of BkLAPsbd was due to a 91% increase in K (m) value. Starch-binding assays showed that the K (d) and B (max) values for the fusion enzyme were 2.3 microM and 0.35 micromol/g, respectively. The adsorption of the crude BkLAPsbd onto raw starch was affected by starch concentration, pH, and temperature. The adsorbed enzyme could be eluted from the adsorbent by 2% soluble starch in 20 mM Tris-HCl buffer (pH 8.0). About 49% of BkLAPsbd in the crude extract was recovered through one adsorption-elution cycle with a purification of 11.4-fold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsien-Bin Huang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chun Chi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, National Chung Cheng University, Chiayi, 621, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Hwei Hsu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, National Chung Hsing University, 402-27, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Chi Liang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chaiyi University, 300 University Road, Chiayi, 60083, Taiwan
| | - Long-Liu Lin
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chaiyi University, 300 University Road, Chiayi, 60083, Taiwan.
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Kim YK, Robyt JF. Enzyme modification of starch granules: formation and retention of cyclomaltodextrins inside starch granules by reaction of cyclomaltodextrin glucanosyltransferase with solid granules. Carbohydr Res 2000; 328:509-15. [PMID: 11093706 DOI: 10.1016/s0008-6215(00)00136-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cyclomaltodextrin glucanosyltransferase (CGTase) was adsorbed into starch granules and allowed to react at 37 degrees C. The reaction was conducted with the granules removed from an aqueous environment, but containing 50% w/w water inside the granule. Reaction for 20 h gave a maximum of 1.4%, w/w of cyclodextrins (CDs) inside the granule. Waxy maize and maize starches gave the highest amounts of CDs (1.3 and 1.4%, respectively), with tapioca and amylomaize-7 starches giving about 50% less (0.9 and 0.6%, respectively). Reaction of a combination of CGTase and isoamylase with solid starch granules gave a 2.6-fold increase in the formation of CDs, with a maximum yield of 3.4 and 100% retention inside waxy maize starch granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y K Kim
- Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Enzymology, Iowa State University, Ames 50011 USA
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Hizukuri S, Kozuma T, Yoshida H, Abe J, Takahashi K, Yamamoto M, Nakamura N. Properties ofFlavobacterium odoratum KU Isoamylase. STARCH-STARKE 1996. [DOI: 10.1002/star.19960480713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Lin LL, Fang TY, Chu WS, Hsu WH. Improved elution of isoamylase adsorbed on raw starch and the preservation of purified enzyme. Lett Appl Microbiol 1994. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1994.tb00482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Wu DH, Wen CY, Lin LL, Chu WS, Hsu WH. Effect of pH on isoamylase production by Pseudomonas amyloderamosa WU 5315. Lett Appl Microbiol 1994. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-765x.1994.tb00907.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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