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Köpf I, Strid KG, Islam MQ, Granberg S, Friberg LG, Levan G, Carstensen J. Heterochromatin variants in 109 ovarian cancer patients and 192 healthy subjects. Hereditas 2008; 113:7-16. [PMID: 2272846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00693.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrations of the C-band region of chromosome no. 1 (1qh) were studied in 109 patients with ovarian cancer and 192 healthy subjects. The groups were compared for heterochromatin size variations, intrapair size asymmetry, and inversion. No significant correlation was found between the size of 1qh and ovarian cancer. Heterochromatin size asymmetry was estimated visually and determined by objective measurement of 1qh length or area; the methods show strong correlation. The measurements were normalised by comparison with the length or area of 16p or the entire chromosome no. 1. However, since good reliability was found by simply relating the 1qh size difference to the mean 1qh size, this was considered an appropriate and simpler method of normalisation. Asymmetry indices of length and area measurements correlated well, implying that the simpler method of length measurements can be readily used. 1qh asymmetry, measured objectively or estimated visually, was significantly increased in the cancer patient group. The incidence of C-band inversion was significantly increased in the patient group. Moreover, inversion increased significantly with increasing 1qh asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Köpf
- Department of Oncology, University of Göteborg, Sweden
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2
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Köpf I, Islam MQ, Friberg LG, Levan G. Familial occurrence of cancer and heteromorphism of the heterochromatic segment of chromosome 1. Hereditas 2008; 110:79-83. [PMID: 2777631 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1989.tb00421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, evidence has been forthcoming in support of the correlation between heteromorphism of human chromosome 1qh and the incidence of various malignancies in the carriers of such heteromorphism. We present data from a family with hereditary predisposition to cancer. In this family, five members in a sibship of seven developed ovary and/or colon carcinoma at comparatively young ages. A further 4 cases of malignant disease were ascertained, when a pedigree of 36 family members of 3 generations was constructed. Chromosome analysis was carried out in G- and C-banding from peripheral blood cultures of 19 family members. Distinct heteromorphism in the chromosome 1qh region was detected in 15 (79%) of them, including all 3 cancer patients investigated.
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3
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Sen P. Chromosome 9 anomalies as the primary clonal alteration in a case of squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1993; 66:23-7. [PMID: 8467470 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(93)90143-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
We present the cytogenetic characterization of a short-term culture of a primary squamous cell carcinoma of the epiglottis from a 67-year-old male patient who was admitted to this hospital for treatment. This patient had a history of chronic exposure to tobacco and alcohol, environmental carcinogens known to be related to the etiology of the disease. The tumor karyotype showed three distinct clones: 1) cells with chromosome 9 anomalies; 2) cells with chromosome 9 and other clonal structural anomalies involving chromosomes 1, 11, 14, and 17; and 3) cells whose chromosomes were partially or totally pulverized. The anomalies on chromosome 9 were homozygous inversion (p12q13), deletions at regions q22, q34.1, and p13, and i(9q) formation. Structural clonal anomalies on other chromosomes included translocations, deletions, and isochromosome formation. The presence of a chromosome 9 anomaly alone or in conjunction with other anomalies suggests that this aberration may be a nonrandom primary event in the progression of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Sen
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston 77030
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4
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Islam MQ, Köpf I, Levan A, Granberg S, Friberg LG, Levan G. Cytogenetic findings in 111 ovarian cancer patients: therapy-related chromosome aberrations and heterochromatic variants. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1993; 65:35-46. [PMID: 8431914 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(93)90056-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The chromosomes of 111 ovarian cancer patients were studied in G- and C-banded slides from peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) cultures for chromosome damage caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy and for asymmetry of the constitutive heterochromatin of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16. We also monitored the survival of these patients to determine whether any secondary neoplasia induced by the therapy and report the findings of our investigations. Melphalan (MEL) was the only drug used in single-drug chemotherapy. The incidence of chromosome abnormalities in melphalan-treated cells (25%) was higher than in the control group (17%). The incidence of structural changes was also higher (10.5%) in the MEL-treated group than in controls (6%). After treatments with combinations of drugs, the incidence of structural changes remained at the same level (11%). In the patients receiving combined treatment with MEL and radiation, the rate of structural changes increased dramatically (24%). The overall rate of chromosome aberrations in this group was also higher (50%). Combination of two or more drugs and radiation produced only 14% structural chromosome changes. The overall rate of chromosome aberrations was also low (20%) in this group. Of 111 patients studied, only 33 were alive 6 years after initiation of the study. Of the surviving patients, eight had rearranged chromosomes in the first analysis. After 5 years, new blood samples were collected from these patients and chromosome analyses showed abnormal karyotypes in all eight patients. All chromosome abnormalities in the second analysis were completely unrelated to those in the first analysis, however. Whether the chromosome changes in the second analysis were due to therapy or to other unknown factors could not be determined. Data on C-banding and the distribution of inversions indicated that 91% of the patients had C-band heteromorphisms of chromosomes 1, 91% had heteromorphisms of chromosome 9, and 69% had heteromorphisms of chromosome 16. Furthermore, inversions were observed in chromosome 1 (41% of patients), chromosome 9 (28% of patients), and chromosome 16 (5% of patients).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Child
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/radiation effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/radiation effects
- Cisplatin/adverse effects
- Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects
- Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects
- Doxorubicin/adverse effects
- Female
- Fluorouracil/adverse effects
- Follow-Up Studies
- Heterochromatin/drug effects
- Heterochromatin/radiation effects
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Melphalan/adverse effects
- Methotrexate/adverse effects
- Middle Aged
- Mitomycins/adverse effects
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/etiology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Radiotherapy/adverse effects
- Translocation, Genetic
- Vincristine/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- M Q Islam
- Department of Genetics, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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5
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Abarbanel J, Shabtai F, Kyzer S, Chaimof C. Cytogenetic studies in patients with gastric cancer. World J Surg 1991; 15:778-82. [PMID: 1767545 DOI: 10.1007/bf01665318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Banded cytogenetic studies of gastric carcinoma are still relatively scarce, comprised of only a small number of patients. This study was performed on peripheral blood lymphocytes and malignant cells of 16 patients with gastric carcinoma. The lymphocytes were analyzed by standard techniques. All patients had a normal constitutional karyotype; 90% of the patients presented an increased breakage rate and nonrandom chromosomal instability mainly in the heterochromatic regions of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16. Decreased response to phytohemagglutinin was observed in 6 (38%) patients. The tissue specimens were analyzed using direct techniques. Normal ploidy was observed in only one patient, 3 tumors were near-diploid, 4 hyperdiploid, 4 near-triploid, and 4 near-tetraploid. Those with the near-triploid or near-tetraploid constitution were in a more advanced pathological stage, most of them with a more complex cytogenetic profile. Particular involvement was found for chromosomes 1 to 4, 7 to 9, 17, and 20, but the more specific nonrandom changes seemed to involve chromosomes 7, 8, 9, and 17.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Abarbanel
- Department of Surgery A, Golda Medical Center, Hasharon Hospital, Petah Tiqva, Israel
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6
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Dave BJ, Trivedi AH, Adhvaryu SG. Variations in centromeric heterochromatin among patients with pre-malignant and malignant oral diseases. Int J Cancer 1991; 48:386-9. [PMID: 2040533 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910480313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphism of heterochromatic regions of chromosomes 1, 9 and 16 was studied in 60 oral cancer patients, in 40 patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) and in 60 normal healthy subjects. The size heteromorphism was significantly greater (p less than 0.001) in chromosome I of the patients. Localization variants were also significantly more frequent among the patients (p less than 0.05 for OSMF and less than 0.001 for oral cancer patients). The C-band heteromorphism patterns remained comparable in OSMF and in oral cancer patients, with chromosome I being the most frequently involved. On correlating the tobacco/areca-nut chewing habit with the presence of C-band heteromorphism, we observed that C-band heteromorphism was present in 89% of the habit-free oral cancer patients and 80% of the OSMF patients with relatively shorter exposure to this habit, i.e. less than 5 years. This signifies that genetic factors are important in the causation of oral precancerous and cancerous conditions and that polymorphism of the heterochromatic regions does appear to play a role in these conditions.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Areca
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/genetics
- Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology
- Centromere/ultrastructure
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9
- Female
- Genetic Variation
- Heterochromatin/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Male
- Mouth Diseases/genetics
- Mouth Diseases/pathology
- Plants, Medicinal
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Precancerous Conditions/genetics
- Precancerous Conditions/pathology
- Reference Values
- Smoking
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Affiliation(s)
- B J Dave
- Cell Biology Division, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmedabad, India
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7
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Lundgren R, Berger R, Kristoffersson U. Constitutive heterochromatin C-band polymorphism in prostatic cancer. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1991; 51:57-62. [PMID: 1984847 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(91)90008-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The size of the heterochromatin C-bands on chromosomes has been reported to be associated with some, but by no means all, human malignancies. No studies along these lines have been performed in prostatic cancer. We therefore investigated the size, incidence of inversions, and symmetry versus asymmetry of C-band heteromorphisms on chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 52 prostatic cancer patients and 183 healthy individuals. There were no differences in C-band heteromorphism on chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 between the patients and the controls. Neither were there any differences when patients with early-stage disease were compared with patients with more advanced cancer. Younger (aged less than 70 years) cancer patients had significantly higher frequencies of larger C-bands on chromosomes 1 (p less than 0.01) and 16 (p less than 0.001) than did patients aged more than 70 years at diagnosis. This could indicate a possible relationship between the amount of constitutive heterochromatin on chromosomes 1 and 16 and susceptibility to early development of prostatic cancer but could also result from the age differences between the two patient groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lundgren
- Department of Urology, University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
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8
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Kuznetsova SM, Zaritskaya MY. Heteromorphism of chromosome 1, 9 and 16 homologues in high- and medium-longevity level regions. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 1990; 11:53-61. [PMID: 15374493 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4943(90)90056-c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/1989] [Revised: 04/05/1990] [Accepted: 05/31/1990] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Regional and age-related peculiarities of chromosomal polymorphism are established as a result of studies in C-band heteromorphism of chromosomes 1, 9 and 16 in the long-lived subjects, their relatives and population groups of the Abkhazian and Ukrainian regions. Heteromorphism frequencies of chromosomes 1 and 9 homologues are high in the Abkhazian as compared with the Ukrainian regions. Age-related differences as to the degree of expression of chromosome 9 C-band heteromorphism found are as follows: in the Abkhazian region the frequency of variants with a high degree of heteromorphism increases with age, while in the Ukrainian region, with a low degree of heteromorphism, it decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Kuznetsova
- Institute of Gerontology AMS U.S.S.R., Vyshgorodskaya 67, 252655, Kiev 114, USSR
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9
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Oláh E, Balogh E, Kovács I, Kiss A. Abnormalities of chromosome 1 in relation to human malignant diseases. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1989; 43:179-94. [PMID: 2598163 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(89)90029-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Chromosome 1 is known to often be involved in various malignant diseases. Its numerical and structural aberrations have been observed in chronic and acute leukemias and solid tumors as well. Recently five protooncogenes have been assigned to the long and short arms of chromosome 1. The frequent and nonspecific occurrence of chromosome 1 rearrangements in human tumors suggests that they play an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of these diseases. The frequency, types, and time of the occurrence of chromosome 1 aberrations and their relation to the stage of the disease were studied in 317 patients with various malignant diseases. In ten patients nonrandom aberrations of chromosome 1 were observed. Two patients had CML, two PRV followed by ANLL, and the remaining six patients suffered from ANLL, ALL, Burkitt lymphoma, MF, SMMoL, and IRSA, respectively. In six patients, total or partial trisomy of the long arm or of the whole chromosome 1 was present, and in three cases balanced translocations involving chromosome 1 could be found. In the cells of one patient a duplication of the centromeric heterochromatin was seen. We analyzed the breakpoints involved. Finally, the aberrations of chromosome 1 were almost always be observed at the terminal stage of the diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Oláh
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical School, Debrecen, Hungary
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10
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Muleris M, Nordlinger B, Dutrillaux B. Cytogenetic characterization of a colon adenocarcinoma from a familial polyposis coli patient. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1989; 38:249-53. [PMID: 2541893 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(89)90666-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report on the cytogenetic findings in a fresh biopsy of a colorectal adenocarcinoma in a patient with familial polyposis coli (FAP). The stemline had 45 chromosomes with several clonal chromosome aberrations including a der(17)t(17;?), and -18, which are the two most recurrent aberrations in sporadic colorectal carcinomas. This finding is discussed in relation to the chromosomal changes described in sporadic colorectal carcinomas and in FAP cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Muleris
- Department of Biology, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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11
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Labal de Vinuesa M, Mudry de Pargament M, Slavutsky I, Meiss R, Chopita N, Larripa I. Heterochromatic variants and their association with neoplasias: IV. Colon adenomas and carcinomas. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1988; 31:171-4. [PMID: 3162390 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(88)90213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
C-band polymorphisms in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 62 patients (33 with colon adenomas and 29 with colon carcinomas) were studied. A significant difference in the frequency of heterochromatic variants in chromosomes #1 in both colon adenoma (56%) and carcinoma (67%) with respect to controls (18%) was observed (p less than 0.001). The heterochromatic variants preferentially involved in both pathologies were inv(1), 1qh-, and inv(9), compared with controls. No differences were found between colon adenomas and carcinomas. We suggest that 1qh- and inv(1) variants are important heterochromatic changes in neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Labal de Vinuesa
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientificas (CADIC), Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
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12
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Lukeis R, Garson OM, Macrae FA, St John DJ, Whitehead RH. Chromosome studies in inherited nonpolyposis colon cancer syndrome. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1987; 27:111-24. [PMID: 3472641 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(87)90266-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine if any constitutional chromosomal markers were linked with the expression of colorectal neoplasms in the inherited nonpolyposis colon cancer syndrome, using a number of cytogenetic techniques. High resolution G-banding in 12 affected and 17 unaffected family members did not reveal a structural chromosome abnormality. Increased C-band heteromorphism was not seen in either affected or unaffected individuals, and no heritable fragile sites were detected. Mean baseline and mitomycin C-induced sister chromatid exchanges were not elevated in affected patients compared with controls. Mapping of sister chromatid exchanges did not reveal any hot spots of exchange. A tumor cell line with the karyotype 46,XY,der(13),t(13;?)(p11;?) was established from one patient, but no constitutional abnormality of chromosome #13 was found. In addition, 11 patients with familial polyposis coli were studied with high resolution G-banding and no heteromorphism of chromosome #2 in the region 2q21.3 was detected.
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