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Köpf I, Strid KG, Islam MQ, Granberg S, Friberg LG, Levan G, Carstensen J. Heterochromatin variants in 109 ovarian cancer patients and 192 healthy subjects. Hereditas 2008; 113:7-16. [PMID: 2272846 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1990.tb00693.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrations of the C-band region of chromosome no. 1 (1qh) were studied in 109 patients with ovarian cancer and 192 healthy subjects. The groups were compared for heterochromatin size variations, intrapair size asymmetry, and inversion. No significant correlation was found between the size of 1qh and ovarian cancer. Heterochromatin size asymmetry was estimated visually and determined by objective measurement of 1qh length or area; the methods show strong correlation. The measurements were normalised by comparison with the length or area of 16p or the entire chromosome no. 1. However, since good reliability was found by simply relating the 1qh size difference to the mean 1qh size, this was considered an appropriate and simpler method of normalisation. Asymmetry indices of length and area measurements correlated well, implying that the simpler method of length measurements can be readily used. 1qh asymmetry, measured objectively or estimated visually, was significantly increased in the cancer patient group. The incidence of C-band inversion was significantly increased in the patient group. Moreover, inversion increased significantly with increasing 1qh asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Köpf
- Department of Oncology, University of Göteborg, Sweden
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2
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Köpf I, Islam MQ, Friberg LG, Levan G. Familial occurrence of cancer and heteromorphism of the heterochromatic segment of chromosome 1. Hereditas 2008; 110:79-83. [PMID: 2777631 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1989.tb00421.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decade, evidence has been forthcoming in support of the correlation between heteromorphism of human chromosome 1qh and the incidence of various malignancies in the carriers of such heteromorphism. We present data from a family with hereditary predisposition to cancer. In this family, five members in a sibship of seven developed ovary and/or colon carcinoma at comparatively young ages. A further 4 cases of malignant disease were ascertained, when a pedigree of 36 family members of 3 generations was constructed. Chromosome analysis was carried out in G- and C-banding from peripheral blood cultures of 19 family members. Distinct heteromorphism in the chromosome 1qh region was detected in 15 (79%) of them, including all 3 cancer patients investigated.
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Kristoffersson U, Bernheim A, Berger R, Nilsson B, Heim S, Mandahl N, Mitelman F. Constitutional C-band polymorphism in lymphocytes from patients with chronic myeloid leukemia. Hereditas 2008; 110:145-8. [PMID: 2745151 DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-5223.1989.tb00434.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The C-band heterochromatin polymorphism of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 was studied in lymphocytes from 53 patients with Ph1-positive chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and 183 control persons. The patients had significantly larger heterochromatic blocks on chromosome 16 (p less than 0.01) and fewer partial inversions of chromosome 9 (p less than 0.05) than the control persons, whereas no differences were found for the symmetry/asymmetry pattern. We suggest that the increased constitutive heterochromatin regions may, via sister chromosome exchange, facilitate homo- or hemizygotization of genes which favor neoplasia development and/or progression.
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MESH Headings
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosome Banding
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/ultrastructure
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/ultrastructure
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/ultrastructure
- Heterochromatin/ultrastructure
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Polymorphism, Genetic
- Sister Chromatid Exchange
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4
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Zitzelsberger H, Szücs S, Robens E, Weier HU, Höfler H, Bauchinger M. Combined cytogenetic and molecular genetic analyses of fifty-nine untreated human prostate carcinomas. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1996; 90:37-44. [PMID: 8780745 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(96)00065-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
G-banding analyses and molecular genetic investigations (fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) studies) were performed in 59 tumor and nontumorous samples of human prostate carcinoma. Clonal chromosome aberrations were detected in 16 tumors of which nine were poorly differentiated (G3) and 11 in an advanced stage (pT3). Six cases showed numerical chromosome aberrations. The most common numerical aberrations were trisomy 7 and loss of the Y chromosome each present in three tumors. Clonal structural aberrations were detected in 12 tumors. Deletions could be observed in two cases affecting chromosome 6q23 and in two cases affecting chromosomal region 16q. A structural variant of the pericentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 9 became apparent in six cases. The Y chromosome was involved in clonal translocations in two cases, additionally an inversion occurred on chromosome 19 in one case. All clonal chromosomal changes were found exclusively in the tumor sample. For an analysis of the pericentromeric heterochromatin of chromosome 9, FISH using a chromosome 9-specific sat III DNA probe was carried out on metaphase preparations of tumor and nontumorous tissues of two cases showing var(9)(qh). The FISH data suggest a deletion in the pericentromeric heterochromatin. Loss of heterozygosity studies on chromosomal regions 10q and 16q were carried out because both chromosomes were frequently affected by nonclonal structural aberrations. Loss of heterozygosity could be verified in 11 cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zitzelsberger
- Institut für Strahlenbiologie, GSF-Forschungszentrum für Umwelt und Gesundheit GmbH, München, Germany
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5
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Islam MQ, Köpf I, Levan A, Granberg S, Friberg LG, Levan G. Cytogenetic findings in 111 ovarian cancer patients: therapy-related chromosome aberrations and heterochromatic variants. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1993; 65:35-46. [PMID: 8431914 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(93)90056-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The chromosomes of 111 ovarian cancer patients were studied in G- and C-banded slides from peripheral blood lymphocyte (PBL) cultures for chromosome damage caused by chemotherapy and radiotherapy and for asymmetry of the constitutive heterochromatin of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16. We also monitored the survival of these patients to determine whether any secondary neoplasia induced by the therapy and report the findings of our investigations. Melphalan (MEL) was the only drug used in single-drug chemotherapy. The incidence of chromosome abnormalities in melphalan-treated cells (25%) was higher than in the control group (17%). The incidence of structural changes was also higher (10.5%) in the MEL-treated group than in controls (6%). After treatments with combinations of drugs, the incidence of structural changes remained at the same level (11%). In the patients receiving combined treatment with MEL and radiation, the rate of structural changes increased dramatically (24%). The overall rate of chromosome aberrations in this group was also higher (50%). Combination of two or more drugs and radiation produced only 14% structural chromosome changes. The overall rate of chromosome aberrations was also low (20%) in this group. Of 111 patients studied, only 33 were alive 6 years after initiation of the study. Of the surviving patients, eight had rearranged chromosomes in the first analysis. After 5 years, new blood samples were collected from these patients and chromosome analyses showed abnormal karyotypes in all eight patients. All chromosome abnormalities in the second analysis were completely unrelated to those in the first analysis, however. Whether the chromosome changes in the second analysis were due to therapy or to other unknown factors could not be determined. Data on C-banding and the distribution of inversions indicated that 91% of the patients had C-band heteromorphisms of chromosomes 1, 91% had heteromorphisms of chromosome 9, and 69% had heteromorphisms of chromosome 16. Furthermore, inversions were observed in chromosome 1 (41% of patients), chromosome 9 (28% of patients), and chromosome 16 (5% of patients).
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Aged
- Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects
- Child
- Chromosome Aberrations
- Chromosome Deletion
- Chromosome Inversion
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 16/radiation effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/drug effects
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/radiation effects
- Cisplatin/adverse effects
- Combined Modality Therapy/adverse effects
- Cyclophosphamide/adverse effects
- Doxorubicin/adverse effects
- Female
- Fluorouracil/adverse effects
- Follow-Up Studies
- Heterochromatin/drug effects
- Heterochromatin/radiation effects
- Humans
- Karyotyping
- Melphalan/adverse effects
- Methotrexate/adverse effects
- Middle Aged
- Mitomycins/adverse effects
- Neoplasms, Second Primary/etiology
- Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Ovarian Neoplasms/genetics
- Ovarian Neoplasms/radiotherapy
- Radiotherapy/adverse effects
- Translocation, Genetic
- Vincristine/adverse effects
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Affiliation(s)
- M Q Islam
- Department of Genetics, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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6
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Sampaio DA, Mattevi MS, Cavalli IJ, Erdtmann B. Densitometric measurements of C bands of chromosomes 1, 9, 16, and Y in leukemic and preleukemic disorders. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1989; 41:71-8. [PMID: 2766253 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(89)90109-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Fifty-six patients with blood disorders (23 with chronic myeloid leukemia, 14 with acute myeloblastic leukemia, seven with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, one with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and 11 with preleukemia states) were studied. A quantitative and objective method of C band length analysis with well-matched controls was used. The C bands of chromosome pairs 1, 9, and 16 presented a normal distribution that was similar in patients and controls, whereas the Y chromosome presented an abnormal distribution. Smaller C bands in 1qh and higher indexes of intrapair heteromorphism in pairs 1 and 9 were detected in the CML group; the group of acute leukemias (myeloblastic and lymphoblastic) presented a smaller index only in pair 1qh. No other differences in length, heteromorphism, inversion frequency, or sex were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Sampaio
- Centro de Hematologia e Hemoterapia de Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
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Rey JA, Bello MJ, de Campos JM, Kusak E, Moreno S. Chromosomal involvement secondary to -22 in human meningiomas. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1988; 33:275-90. [PMID: 3383169 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(88)90036-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Cytogenetic analyses have been performed on cultures in vitro from 32 human meningiomas, seeking chromosomal anomalies in addition to characteristic monosomy 22. Eight cases showed stem lines with normal karyotype, whereas, monosomy 22 as the only chromosomal deviation characterized the stem line of ten tumors. In 14 samples stem lines or modal numbers displaying numerical deviations (other than -22) and/or structural rearrangements were found. A hyperdiploid modal number was present in three, whereas, it was hypodiploid in the remainder. Numerical deviations in these tumors involved mainly #14 by losses, and also #22; recurrent structural rearrangements involving 1p and 11p were also characteristic features. Thus, these results could imply that involvement of #14, 1p, and 11p would be a form of clonal evolution secondary to monosomy 22 in certain meningiomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Rey
- Department of Genetics, Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
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8
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Labal de Vinuesa M, Mudry de Pargament M, Slavutsky I, Meiss R, Chopita N, Larripa I. Heterochromatic variants and their association with neoplasias: IV. Colon adenomas and carcinomas. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1988; 31:171-4. [PMID: 3162390 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(88)90213-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
C-band polymorphisms in peripheral blood lymphocytes of 62 patients (33 with colon adenomas and 29 with colon carcinomas) were studied. A significant difference in the frequency of heterochromatic variants in chromosomes #1 in both colon adenoma (56%) and carcinoma (67%) with respect to controls (18%) was observed (p less than 0.001). The heterochromatic variants preferentially involved in both pathologies were inv(1), 1qh-, and inv(9), compared with controls. No differences were found between colon adenomas and carcinomas. We suggest that 1qh- and inv(1) variants are important heterochromatic changes in neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Labal de Vinuesa
- Centro Austral de Investigaciones Cientificas (CADIC), Tierra del Fuego, Argentina
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9
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Rey JA, Bello MJ, de Campos JM, Kusak ME, Valcarcel E, Benitez J. C-band pattern in patients with nervous system tumors. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1987; 27:185-90. [PMID: 3581039 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(87)90275-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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10
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Verma RS, Thomas S, Coleman M, Silver RT, Dosik H. Length polymorphisms of the human Y chromosome in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia. CANCER GENETICS AND CYTOGENETICS 1987; 24:295-7. [PMID: 3466679 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4608(87)90111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The extent of length heteromorphisms of the human Y chromosomes was measured in 50 patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia and was compared with 50 normal controls. No significant difference (p greater than 0.05) in the size of the Y chromosome was noted between these two groups. These findings differ from an earlier investigation, where a longer heterochromatic segment of Y chromosome was noted in malignant tumors and it was stressed that constitutive heterochromatin plays a role in susceptibility of cancer. Present investigation, however, suggests that this is not the case in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia.
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Abstract
Constitutive heterochromatin of chromosomes 1, 9, and 16 was studied in 101 patients with solid tumors and 85 controls. Lymphocyte cultures were used for performing C-banded chromosome preparations. Two homologous chromosomes were regarded as heteromorphic when there was a 25% difference between their C-band size or when they fell into different classes according to the method of Patil and Lubs (1977). A statistically significant difference between patients and controls was found in chromosome 1 heteromorphism. No statistical difference between patients and controls was found in the heteromorphism of chromosomes 9 and 16. The frequencies with which pericentric inversions of the heterochromatin in chromosomes 1 and 9 occurred in cancer patients were 9.9% and 12.9%, respectively. Patients displaying this type of polymorphism usually showed an increased rate of chromosome associations. The most frequent associations were found between heterochromatic regions of chromosomes 1 and 9 and between the chromosome 9 heterochromatin and D acrocentrics. These results support the hypothesis concerning the involvement of constitutive heterochromatin of chromosome 1 in malignant disease.
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