MNDO study of the tautomers of nucleic bases

FT-IR and Raman spectra, ab initio and density functional computations of the vibrational spectra, molecular geometries and atomic charges of uracil and 5-methyluracil (thymine)

FT-IR (400-4000 cm(-1)) and Raman spectra (200-4000 cm(-1)) of uracil and 5-methyluracil (thymine) have been recorded and analyzed. The optimized molecular geometries, atomic polar tensor (APT) charges and vibrational characteristics have been studied theoretically using restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) and density functional theory (DFT) methods. Using the Becke's exchange in conjunction with Lee-Yang-Parr's correlation functional and Becke's three-parameter hybrid method (B3LYP), the ab initio and DFT calculations were carried out to study the optimized molecular fundamental vibrational frequencies for uracil and 5-methyluracil (thymine) by employing Gaussian-03 program. The fundamental vibrational frequencies along with their corresponding intensities in IR and Raman activities and depolarization ratios of the Raman lines have also been calculated using the RHF and DFT methods employing different basis sets. In quantum chemical calculations, most of the B3LYP/6-311++G(∗∗) vibrational frequencies are in excellent agreement with the available experimental assignments and helped to propose in the reassignments of some missing frequencies in experimental study. Assuming under the Cs point group for both molecules, the distribution of normal mode of vibrations between the two species as planar (a') and non-planar (a″) for all 39 normal vibrational modes of 5-methyluracil are given by 26a'+13a″, of which 30 modes (21a'+9a″) correspond to the uracil moiety and 9 modes (5a'+4a″) to the CH3 group. Consistent assignments have been made for the internal modes of CH3 group, especially for the anti-symmetric CH3 stretching and bending modes. A possible explanation could be the planarity of pyrimidine ring and non-planarity at carbon site of methyl group which might cause the splitting of frequencies including three components due to the substitution of CH3 group at the site of C5 atom on pyrimidine ring of uracil. The three non-equivalent CH bonds of CH3 group are distinctly separated from the CH/NH ring stretching frequencies. Kekule ring stretching mode is found to be comparatively higher frequency magnitude than the mode of uracil due to the involvement of hydrogen bonding of methyl group. But, the ring breathing is found to be lower frequency magnitude compared to those for uracil which could be due to mass effect of the CH3 group in place of the hydrogen atom at the site of C5 atom on pyrimidine ring of uracil.

IR and Raman spectra, ab initio and density functional computations of the vibrational spectra, molecular geometries and atomic charges of uracil and 5-aminouracil

Infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of uracil and 5-aminouracil have been recorded and analyzed between the region 200-4000 cm(-1). The optimized molecular geometries, atomic polar tensor (APT) charges and vibrational characteristics have been studied theoretically using restricted Hartree-Fock (RHF) and density functional theory (DFT) methods. Using the Becke's exchange in conjunction with Lee-Yang-Parr's correlation functional and Becke's three-parameter hybrid method (B3LYP), the ab initio and DFT calculations were carried out to study the optimized molecular fundamental vibrational frequencies for uracil and 5-aminouracil by employing Gaussian-03 program. The fundamental vibrational frequencies along with their corresponding intensities in IR and Raman activities and depolarization ratios of the Raman lines have also been calculated using the RHF and DFT methods employing different basis sets. In quantum chemical calculations, the most of B3LYP/6-311++G** vibrational frequencies are in the excellent agreement with available experimental assignments and helped in the reassignments of some fundamental vibrational modes. On the basis of calculated results, the assignments of some missing frequencies in the experimental study are proposed. Assuming under the Cs point group for both molecules, the distribution of normal mode of vibrations between the two species as planar (a') and non-planar (a″) are given by 25a'+11a″, of which 30 modes (21a'+9a″) correspond to the uracil moiety and 6 modes (4a'+2a″) to the NH2 group. Kekule ring stretching mode is found to be comparatively higher frequency magnitude than the mode of uracil due to the involvement of hydrogen bonding of amino group. But, the ring breathing is found to be lower frequency magnitude compared to those for uracil which could be due to mass effect of the NH2 group in place of the hydrogen atom. All other bands have also been assigned different fundamentals/overtones/combinations.

Elucidation of primary radiation damage in DNA through application of ab initio molecular orbital theory

This review summarizes the results of recent ab initio molecular orbital calculations performed on DNA constituents that attempt to further our understanding of the radiation-induced damage to DNA. The results reviewed include calculations performed on the four individual DNA bases, the base pairs in gas phase and modelled aqueous phase, the deoxyribose moiety, and a portion of the sugar-phosphate backbone. The emphasis is on the electron affinities and ionization potentials of the radical species calculated under various conditions (i.e. gas phase, aqueous phase, proton transfer, base stacking), as it has been shown that the initial ion radical distribution is largely a function of these two properties. Theoretical studies of the electronic excited states of the individual bases and radioprotection of the biomolecule by various thiol compounds are also reviewed. Finally, a summary is provided to allow for further elaboration of the current model for radiation damage to DNA and to show the present advantages and limitations of ab initio theory in the investigation of such processes.