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Kharouf N, Flanagan TW, Alamodi AA, Al Hmada Y, Hassan SY, Shalaby H, Santourlidis S, Hassan SL, Haikel Y, Megahed M, Brodell RT, Hassan M. CD133-Dependent Activation of Phosphoinositide 3-Kinase /AKT/Mammalian Target of Rapamycin Signaling in Melanoma Progression and Drug Resistance. Cells 2024; 13:240. [PMID: 38334632 PMCID: PMC10854812 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Melanoma frequently harbors genetic alterations in key molecules leading to the aberrant activation of PI3K and its downstream pathways. Although the role of PI3K/AKT/mTOR in melanoma progression and drug resistance is well documented, targeting the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway showed less efficiency in clinical trials than might have been expected, since the suppression of the PI3K/mTOR signaling pathway-induced feedback loops is mostly associated with the activation of compensatory pathways such as MAPK/MEK/ERK. Consequently, the development of intrinsic and acquired resistance can occur. As a solid tumor, melanoma is notorious for its heterogeneity. This can be expressed in the form of genetically divergent subpopulations including a small fraction of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) and non-cancer stem cells (non-CSCs) that make the most of the tumor mass. Like other CSCs, melanoma stem-like cells (MSCs) are characterized by their unique cell surface proteins/stemness markers and aberrant signaling pathways. In addition to its function as a robust marker for stemness properties, CD133 is crucial for the maintenance of stemness properties and drug resistance. Herein, the role of CD133-dependent activation of PI3K/mTOR in the regulation of melanoma progression, drug resistance, and recurrence is reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naji Kharouf
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Thomas W. Flanagan
- Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, LSU Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | | | - Youssef Al Hmada
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (Y.A.H.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Sofie-Yasmin Hassan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Hosam Shalaby
- Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA;
| | - Simeon Santourlidis
- Epigenetics Core Laboratory, Institute of Transplantation Diagnostics and Cell Therapeutics, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Duesseldorf, Germany;
| | - Sarah-Lilly Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Heinrich-Heine University Duesseldorf, 40225 Dusseldorf, Germany;
| | - Youssef Haikel
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Pôle de Médecine et Chirurgie Bucco-Dentaire, Hôpital Civil, Hôpitaux Universitaire de Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Mossad Megahed
- Clinic of Dermatology, University Hospital of Aachen, 52074 Aachen, Germany;
| | - Robert T. Brodell
- Department of Pathology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA; (Y.A.H.); (R.T.B.)
| | - Mohamed Hassan
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France; (N.K.); (Y.H.)
- Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Dental Faculty, University of Strasbourg, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Research Laboratory of Surgery-Oncology, Department of Surgery, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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Pessoa JC, Etcheverry S, Gambino D. Vanadium compounds in medicine. Coord Chem Rev 2015; 301:24-48. [PMID: 32226091 PMCID: PMC7094629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 328] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Revised: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 12/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Vanadium is a transition metal that, being ubiquitously distributed in soil, crude oil, water and air, also found roles in biological systems and is an essential element in most living beings. There are also several groups of organisms which accumulate vanadium, employing it in their biological processes. Vanadium being a biological relevant element, it is not surprising that many vanadium based therapeutic drugs have been proposed for the treatment of several types of diseases. Namely, vanadium compounds, in particular organic derivatives, have been proposed for the treatment of diabetes, of cancer and of diseases caused by parasites. In this work we review the medicinal applications proposed for vanadium compounds with particular emphasis on the more recent publications. In cells, partly due to the similarity of vanadate and phosphate, vanadium compounds activate numerous signaling pathways and transcription factors; this by itself potentiates application of vanadium-based therapeutics. Nevertheless, this non-specific bio-activity may also introduce several deleterious side effects as in addition, due to Fenton's type reactions or of the reaction with atmospheric O2, VCs may also generate reactive oxygen species, thereby introducing oxidative stress with consequences presently not well evaluated, particularly for long-term administration of vanadium to humans. Notwithstanding, the potential of vanadium compounds to treat type 2 diabetes is still an open question and therapies using vanadium compounds for e.g. antitumor and anti-parasitic related diseases remain promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joao Costa Pessoa
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Susana Etcheverry
- Cátedra de Bioquímica Patológica and CEQUINOR, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 47 y 115 1900 La Plata, Argentina
| | - Dinorah Gambino
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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Viñals F, Camps M, Testar X, Palacín M, Zorzano A. Effect of cations on the tyrosine kinase activity of the insulin receptor: inhibition by fluoride is magnesium dependent. Mol Cell Biochem 1997; 171:69-73. [PMID: 9201698 DOI: 10.1023/a:1006836001489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We have recently reported that fluoride interacts directly with the insulin receptor, which causes inhibition of its phosphotransferase activity. The inhibitory effect of fluoride on phosphotransferase activity is not due to the formation of complexes with aluminium and occurs in the absence of alterations to the binding of ATP or insulin. In this report we substantiate that the tyrosine kinase activity of insulin receptors partially purified from rat skeletal muscle shows a strict requirement of Mg2+ ions (Ka near 11 mM). This effect of Mg2+ was inhibited in a competitive manner by Mn2+, which is compatible with competition of both divalent ions for binding sites. The inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity caused by fluoride was dependent on the concentration of Mg2+ in the medium and no inhibitory effect was detected at low concentrations of Mg2+. Moreover, the addition of increasing concentrations of Mn2+ in the presence of a constant high concentration of Mg2+, led to a gradual decrease in the inhibitory effect of fluoride. These results indicate that the Mg-insulin receptor complex is the major fluoride-susceptible form. Based on the characteristics of the inhibition of tyrosine kinase shown by fluoride it might be proposed that its action is exerted by the formation of multi-ionic MgF complexes analogous to Pi, which bind to the insulin receptor kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Viñals
- Departament de Bioquimica i Biologia Moleculer, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain
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Smirnov SV, Aaronson PI. Inhibition of vascular smooth muscle cell K+ currents by tyrosine kinase inhibitors genistein and ST 638. Circ Res 1995; 76:310-6. [PMID: 7834843 DOI: 10.1161/01.res.76.2.310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The whole-cell patch-clamp technique was used to characterize the effects of several tyrosine kinase inhibitors on the voltage-gated K+ current (IK) in rat and rabbit pulmonary artery cells. IK was blocked in a dose-dependent manner by genistein (20 to 100 mumol/L) and ST 638 (0.5 to 40 mumol/L) but not by the inactive genistein analogue diadzein (100 mumol/L). This inhibition was not significantly altered when ATP was excluded from the patch pipette or when it was replaced by the poor tyrosine kinase substrate ATP-gamma-S. The inhibition was also unaffected by inclusion of the tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor orthovanadate in either the bath (0.5 mmol/L) or pipette (0.2 mmol/L) solutions. In the rat, IK ordinarily inactivated negligibly over 300 ms. In the presence of 10 mumol/L ST 638, however, IK reached a peak approximately 5 ms after depolarization (to +60 mV) and then decayed markedly. In the rabbit, IK demonstrated a prominent rapidly decaying initial component that was only slightly inhibited by ST 638, which preferentially blocked the sustained current; genistein showed the opposite selectivity. These observations indicated that IK blockade by genistein and ST 638 was not mediated by an inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity and further suggested that in both types of cells genistein and ST 638 preferentially blocked rapidly and slowly inactivating components of IK, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- S V Smirnov
- Department of Pharmacology, United Medical School, Guy's Hospital, London, England
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Boutin JA. Tyrosine protein kinase inhibition and cancer. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1994; 26:1203-26. [PMID: 7851627 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(94)90091-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The various aspects of the research on tyrosine protein kinase inhibition and its connections with cancer are presented. The emphasis was made on the theoretical low toxic side effects of specific tyrosine protein kinase inhibitors. Particularly, the strategy of finding peptidic substrate-derived inhibitors or modulators is discussed, with an almost complete compendium of the tyrosine protein kinase peptidic substrates published so far. A series of data has been gathered that may serve as a basis for the discovery of selective and specific tyrosine protein kinase inhibitors by screening on molecular and cellular models. The potential of SH2 domain-interfering agents are also presented as a promising route to new anticancer compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J A Boutin
- Institut de Recherches SERVIER, Département de Chimie des Peptides, Suresnes, France
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Zidovetzki R, Sherman IW, Prudhomme J, Crawford J. Inhibition of Plasmodium falciparum lysophospholipase by anti-malarial drugs and sulphydryl reagents. Parasitology 1994; 108 ( Pt 3):249-55. [PMID: 8022653 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182000076095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The activity of lysophospholipase of human erythrocytes increased by about 3 orders of magnitude upon infection with Plasmodium falciparum. The apparent Km for hydrolysis of lysophosphatidylcholine by this enzyme was 50 +/- 7 microM and the apparent Vmax 6.8 +/- 0.6 nmol/h x 10(6) cells. The activity was Ca2+ independent and had a broad pH maximum at pH 8. The enzyme was insensitive to such anti-malarials as mefloquine and arteether and was only weakly inhibited by chloroquine, with a 50% inhibition concentration (IC50) of 70 mM. The anti-malarials quinine and quinacrine were more efficient inhibitors, with IC50s of 2.6 mM and 0.7 mM, respectively. The sulphydryl agents p-hydroxymercuribenzoate (pHMB) and thimerosal were considerably more potent, inhibiting the plasmodial lysophospholipase with IC50s of 18 microM and 10 microM, respectively. When present at 10 microM prior to invasion, both pHMB and thimerosal arrested the growth and reinvasion capacity of P. falciparum in culture. In a synchronized P. falciparum culture the continuous presence of 5 microM thimerosal dramatically decreased total parasitaemia and, within 4 days, totally abolished the capacity of the surviving parasites to reinvade. Thus the plasmodial lysophospholipase may represent a potential new target for anti-malarial chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Zidovetzki
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside 92521
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