1
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Electron Binding Energies of Open-Shell Species from Diagonal Electron-Propagator Self-Energies with Unrestricted Hartree-Fock Spin-Orbitals. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 39141549 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c04318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
For closed-shell molecules, valence electron binding energies may be calculated accurately and efficiently with ab initio electron-propagator methods that have surpassed their predecessors. Advantageous combinations of accuracy and efficiency range from cubically scaling methods with mean errors of 0.2 eV to quintically scaling methods with mean errors of 0.1 eV or less. The diagonal self-energy approximation in the canonical Hartree-Fock basis is responsible for the enhanced efficiency of several methods. This work examines the predictive capabilities of diagonal self-energy approximations when they are generalized to the canonical spin-orbital basis of unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) theory. Experimental data on atomic electron binding energies and high-level, correlated calculations in a fixed basis for a set of open-shell molecules constitute standards of comparison. A review of the underlying theory and analysis of numerical errors lead to several recommendations for the calculation of electron binding energies: (1) In calculations that employ the diagonal self-energy approximation, Koopmans's identity for UHF must be qualitatively correct. (2) Closed-shell reference states are preferable to open-shell reference states in calculations of molecular ionization energies and electron affinities. (3) For molecular electron binding energies between doublets and triplets, calculations of electron detachment energies are more accurate and efficient than calculations of electron attachment energies. When these recommendations are followed, mean absolute errors increase by approximately 0.05 eV with respect to their counterparts obtained with closed-shell reference orbitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Monteiro HBN, Tartakovsky DM. A meshless stochastic method for Poisson-Nernst-Planck equations. J Chem Phys 2024; 161:054106. [PMID: 39087897 DOI: 10.1063/5.0223018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
A plethora of biological, physical, and chemical phenomena involve transport of charged particles (ions). Its continuum-scale description relies on the Poisson-Nernst-Planck (PNP) system, which encapsulates the conservation of mass and charge. The numerical solution of these coupled partial differential equations is challenging and suffers from both the curse of dimensionality and difficulty in efficiently parallelizing. We present a novel particle-based framework to solve the full PNP system by simulating a drift-diffusion process with time- and space-varying drift. We leverage Green's functions, kernel-independent fast multipole methods, and kernel density estimation to solve the PNP system in a meshless manner, capable of handling discontinuous initial states. The method is embarrassingly parallel, and the computational cost scales linearly with the number of particles and dimension. We use a series of numerical experiments to demonstrate both the method's convergence with respect to the number of particles and computational cost vis-à-vis a traditional partial differential equation solver.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Henrique B N Monteiro
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| | - Daniel M Tartakovsky
- Institute for Computational and Mathematical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
- Department of Energy Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Ab Initio Electron Propagators with an Hermitian, Intermediately Normalized Superoperator Metric Applied to Vertical Electron Affinities. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:4730-4749. [PMID: 38814678 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c02050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
New-generation ab initio electron propagator methods for calculating electron detachment energies of closed-shell molecules and anions have surpassed their predecessors' accuracy and computational efficiency. Derived from an Hermitian, intermediately normalized superoperator metric, these methods contain no adjustable parameters. To assess their versatility, a standard set (NIST-50-EA) of 50 vertical electron affinities of small closed-shell molecules based on NIST reference data has been created. Errors with respect to reference data on 23 large, conjugated organic photovoltaic (OPV23) molecules have also been analyzed. All final states are valence anions that correspond to electron affinities between 0.2 and 4.2 eV. For a given scaling of the arithmetic bottleneck, the new-generation methods obtain the lowest mean absolute errors (MAEs). The best methods with fifth-power arithmetic scaling realize MAEs below 0.1 eV. Composite models comprising cubically and quintically scaling calculations executed with large and small basis sets, respectively, produce OPV23 MAEs near 0.05 eV. The accuracy of quintically scaling methods executed with large basis sets is thereby procured with reduced computational effort. New-generation results obtained with and without the diagonal self-energy approximation in the canonical Hartree-Fock basis have been compared. These results indicate that Dyson orbitals closely resemble canonical Hartree-Fock orbitals multiplied by the square root of a probability factor above 0.85.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dhawan D, Zgid D, Motta M. Quantum Algorithm for Imaginary-Time Green's Functions. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:4629-4638. [PMID: 38761142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.4c00241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Green's function methods lead to ab initio, systematically improvable simulations of molecules and materials while providing access to multiple experimentally observable properties such as the density of states and the spectral function. The calculation of the exact one-particle Green's function remains a significant challenge for classical computers and was attempted only on very small systems. Here, we present a hybrid quantum-classical algorithm to calculate the imaginary-time one-particle Green's function. The proposed algorithm combines the variational quantum eigensolver and the quantum subspace expansion methods to calculate Green's function in Lehmann's representation. We demonstrate the validity of this algorithm by simulating H2 and H4 on quantum simulators and on IBM's quantum devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Dhawan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060, United States
| | - Dominika Zgid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Mario Motta
- IBM Quantum, Almaden Research Center, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. New-generation electron-propagator methods for vertical electron detachment energies of molecular anions: benchmarks and applications to model green-fluorescent-protein chromophores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9915-9930. [PMID: 38482723 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00441h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Ab initio electron-propagator calculations continue to be useful companions to experimental investigations of electronic structure in molecular anions. A new generation of electron-propagator methods recently has surpassed its antecedents' predictive accuracy and computational efficiency. Interpretive clarity has been conserved, for no adjustable parameters have been introduced in the preparation of molecular orbitals or in the formulation of approximate self-energies. These methods have employed the diagonal self-energy approximation wherein each Dyson orbital equals a canonical Hartree-Fock orbital times the square root of a probability factor. Numerical tests indicate that explicitly renormalized, diagonal self-energies are needed when Dyson orbitals have large valence nitrogen, oxygen or fluorine components. They also demonstrate that even greater accuracy can be realized with generalizations that do not employ the diagonal self-energy approximation in the canonical Hartree-Fock basis. Whereas the diagonal methods have fifth-power arithmetic scaling factors, the non-diagonal generalizations introduce only non-iterative sixth-power contractions. Composite models conserve the accuracy of the most demanding combinations of self-energy approximations and flexible basis sets with drastically reduced computational effort. Composite-model results on anions that resemble the chromophore of the green fluorescent protein illustrate the interpretive capabilities of explicitly renormalized self-energies. Accurate predictions on the lowest vertical electron detachment energy of each anion confirm experimental data and the utility of the diagonal self-energy approximation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang XJ, Ding YH, Tian X. Achieving Accuracy and Economy for Calculating Vertical Detachment Energies of Molecular Anions: A Model Chemistry Composite Methods. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300642. [PMID: 38165629 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
The vertical detachment energy (VDE) is a vital factor for predicting the stability of anions that have important applications in the atom, molecule and cluster science. Due to the synthetic or characterization difficulty of anions, accurate and efficient predictions of VDE independent of laboratory data have always been an appealing task to remedy the experimental deficiencies. Unfortunately, the generally adopted CCSD(T) and electron propagator theory (EPT) methods have respectively been proven to be reliable but very cost-expensive, and cost-effective but sometimes problematic when Koopman's theorem is invalid. Here, we for the first time introduced and benchmarked a series of model chemistry composite methods (e. g., CBS-QB3, G4 and W1BD) on calculating VDE for 57 molecular anions. Notably, CBS-QB3 exceeds the accuracy of CCSD(T) while approaching the economy of EPT. Therefore, we highly recommend the composite method CBS-QB3 to compute VDEs for molecular anions in the attractive "killing two birds with one stone" manner.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Hong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Materials of Zhejiang Province, Wenzhou Key Lab of Advanced Energy Storage and Conversion, Zhejiang Province Key Lab of Leather Engineering, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, 325035, P. R. China
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Tian
- School of Mathematics and Science, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, 050031, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Uenishi R, Boyer A, Karashima S, Humeniuk A, Suzuki T. Signatures of Conical Intersections in Extreme Ultraviolet Photoelectron Spectra of Furan Measured with 15 fs Time Resolution. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:2222-2227. [PMID: 38373287 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c03582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Ultrafast internal conversion of furan upon deep UV excitation at 200 nm is studied by using extreme ultraviolet time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy with a time resolution of 15 fs. Ballistic nuclear wavepacket motion from the 1B2(ππ*) state to the ground state is fully observed using 21.7 eV probe pulses. Through the performance of a comparison with the results of electronic structure calculations at the MS(3)-CASPT2(10,10)/cc-pVTZ level of theory, the photoelectron signals from the conical intersection regions are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ryuta Uenishi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Alexie Boyer
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Shutaro Karashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Alexander Humeniuk
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Toshinori Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Kitashirakawa-Oiwakecho, Sakyo-Ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. New-Generation Electron-Propagator Methods for Molecular Electron-Binding Energies. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:1399-1416. [PMID: 38377355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c08455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A new generation of electron-propagator methods for the calculation of electron binding energies has surpassed its antecedents with respect to accuracy, efficiency, and interpretability. No adjustable parameters are introduced in these fully ab initio procedures. Numerical tests versus several databases of valence, vertical electron binding energies of closed-shell molecules and atoms have been performed. Easily interpreted self-energy approximations with cubic arithmetic scaling produce mean absolute errors (MAEs) of 0.2 and 0.3 eV for electron detachments and attachments, respectively. The most accurate explicitly renormalized methods with fifth-power arithmetic scaling yield MAEs below 0.1 eV for detachments and attachments. Approximate renormalization leads to more efficient fifth-power alternatives for electron detachments that achieve similar accuracy with fewer bottleneck operations. Composite protocols generate excellent predictions versus highly accurate basis-extrapolated standards and experiments. The validity of the diagonal self-energy approximation and the accuracy of the approximate renormalizations are confirmed. The success of these perturbative methods based on canonical Hartree-Fock orbitals rests on a Hermitized, intermediately normalized superoperator metric. The results of all of the new-generation calculations may be analyzed in terms of final-state orbital relaxation and differential correlation effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen Y, Bâldea I, Yu Y, Liang Z, Li MD, Koren E, Xie Z. CP-AFM Molecular Tunnel Junctions with Alkyl Backbones Anchored Using Alkynyl and Thiol Groups: Microscopically Different Despite Phenomenological Similarity. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:4410-4423. [PMID: 38348971 PMCID: PMC10906003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we report results on the electronic structure and transport properties of molecular junctions fabricated via conducting probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) using self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of n-alkyl chains anchored with acetylene groups (CnA; n = 8, 9, 10, and 12) on Ag, Au, and Pt electrodes. We found that the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics of CnA CP-AFM junctions can be very accurately reproduced by the same off-resonant single-level model (orSLM) successfully utilized previously for many other junctions. We demonstrate that important insight into the energy-level alignment can be gained from experimental data of transport (processed via the orSLM) and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy combined with ab initio quantum chemical information based on the many-body outer valence Green's function method. Measured conductance GAg < GAu < GPt is found to follow the same ordering as the metal work function ΦAu < ΦAu < ΦPt, a fact that points toward a transport mediated by an occupied molecular orbital (MO). Still, careful data analysis surprisingly revealed that transport is not dominated by the ubiquitous HOMO but rather by the HOMO-1. This is an important difference from other molecular tunnel junctions with p-type HOMO-mediated conduction investigated in the past, including the alkyl thiols (CnT) to which we refer in view of some similarities. Furthermore, unlike in CnT and other junctions anchored with thiol groups investigated in the past, the AFM tip causes in CnA an additional MO shift, whose independence of size (n) rules out significant image charge effects. Along with the prevalence of the HOMO-1 over the HOMO, the impact of the "second" (tip) electrode on the energy level alignment is another important finding that makes the CnA and CnT junctions different. What ultimately makes CnA unique at the microscopic level is a salient difference never reported previously, namely, that CnA's alkyne functional group gives rise to two energetically close (HOMO and HOMO-1) orbitals. This distinguishes the present CnA from the CnT, whose HOMO stemming from its thiol group is well separated energetically from the other MOs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Chen
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion (MATEC), Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Ioan Bâldea
- Theoretical
Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yongxin Yu
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion (MATEC), Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Zining Liang
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion (MATEC), Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
| | - Ming-De Li
- Department
of Chemistry and Key Laboratory for Preparation and Application of
Ordered Structural Materials of Guangdong Province, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Elad Koren
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Zuoti Xie
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Technion-Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory
of Materials and Technologies for Energy Conversion (MATEC), Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, 241 Daxue Road, Shantou, Guangdong 515063, China
- Quantum
Science Center of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (Guangdong), Shenzhen-Hong Kong International Science and Technology
Park, No. 3 Binglang
Road, Futian District, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518048, China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhou J, Jia S, Xue X, Skitnevskaya AD, Wang E, Wang X, Hao X, Zeng Q, Kuleff AI, Dorn A, Ren X. Revealing the Role of N Heteroatoms in Noncovalent Aromatic Interactions by Ultrafast Intermolecular Coulombic Decay. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:1529-1538. [PMID: 38299504 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Despite the widely recognized importance of noncovalent interactions involving aromatic rings in many fields, our understanding of the underlying forces and structural patterns, especially the impact of heteroaromaticity, is still incomplete. Here, we investigate the relaxation processes that follow inner-valence ionization in a range of molecular dimers involving various combinations of benzene, pyridine, and pyrimidine, which initiate an ultrafast intermolecular Coulombic decay process. Multiparticle coincidence momentum spectroscopy, combined with ab initio calculations, enables us to explore the principal orientations of these fundamental dimers and, thus, to elucidate the influence of N heteroatoms on the relative preference of the aromatic π-stacking, H-bonding, and CH-π interactions and their dependence on the number of nitrogen atoms in the rings. Our studies reveal a sensitive tool for the structural imaging of molecular complexes and provide a more complete understanding of the effects of N heteroatoms on the noncovalent aromatic interactions at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Shaokui Jia
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xiaorui Xue
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Anna D Skitnevskaya
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
| | - Enliang Wang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and Department of Modern Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
| | - Xing Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Xintai Hao
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Qingrui Zeng
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Alexander I Kuleff
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Xueguang Ren
- MOE Key Laboratory for Nonequilibrium Synthesis and Modulation of Condensed Matter, School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. New-Generation Electron-Propagator Methods for Calculations of Electron Affinities and Ionization Energies: Tests on Organic Photovoltaic Molecules. J Chem Theory Comput 2024; 20:290-306. [PMID: 38150412 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
A new generation of ab initio electron-propagator self-energies recently superseded its antecedents' accuracy and computational efficiency in calculating vertical ionization energies (VIEs) of closed-shell molecules. (See J. Chem. Phys. 2021, 155, 204107, J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2022, 18, 4927, J. Chem. Phys. 2023, 159, 124109.) No adjustable parameters were introduced in the generation of reference orbitals or in the construction of self-energies. The same approach has been extended in this work to vertical electron affinities (VEAs). Calculations were performed on 24 conjugated, organic photovoltaic molecules with diverse functional groups. These molecules are considerably larger than those studied in previous tests on VIEs. Several new-generation self-energies produce mean absolute errors (MAEs) below 0.1 eV versus ΔCCSD(T) (i.e., total energy differences from the coupled-cluster singles, doubles, and perturbative triples method) VIEs and VEAs obtained with identical basis sets. A composite model employs cubically and quintically scaling algorithms and power-law basis-set extrapolations based on augmented double-triple or triple-quadruple ζ data. Its MAEs are near 0.05 eV versus benchmark values, with 0.03 eV error bars for the lowest VIE and the highest VEA of each molecule. A more efficient and equally accurate composite model for calculating VIEs avoids full transformations of electron repulsion integrals to the molecular orbital basis. High probability factors support the diagonal self-energy approximation, wherein Dyson orbitals are proportional to canonical, Hartree-Fock orbitals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Di Felice R, Mayes ML, Richard RM, Williams-Young DB, Chan GKL, de Jong WA, Govind N, Head-Gordon M, Hermes MR, Kowalski K, Li X, Lischka H, Mueller KT, Mutlu E, Niklasson AMN, Pederson MR, Peng B, Shepard R, Valeev EF, van Schilfgaarde M, Vlaisavljevich B, Windus TL, Xantheas SS, Zhang X, Zimmerman PM. A Perspective on Sustainable Computational Chemistry Software Development and Integration. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7056-7076. [PMID: 37769271 PMCID: PMC10601486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The power of quantum chemistry to predict the ground and excited state properties of complex chemical systems has driven the development of computational quantum chemistry software, integrating advances in theory, applied mathematics, and computer science. The emergence of new computational paradigms associated with exascale technologies also poses significant challenges that require a flexible forward strategy to take full advantage of existing and forthcoming computational resources. In this context, the sustainability and interoperability of computational chemistry software development are among the most pressing issues. In this perspective, we discuss software infrastructure needs and investments with an eye to fully utilize exascale resources and provide unique computational tools for next-generation science problems and scientific discoveries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Felice
- Departments
of Physics and Astronomy and Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- CNR-NANO
Modena, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Maricris L. Mayes
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | | | | | - Garnet Kin-Lic Chan
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Wibe A. de Jong
- Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Pitzer Center
for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew R. Hermes
- Department
of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Karol Kowalski
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech
University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Karl T. Mueller
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Erdal Mutlu
- Advanced
Computing, Mathematics, and Data Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Anders M. N. Niklasson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Mark R. Pederson
- Department
of Physics, The University of Texas at El
Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Bo Peng
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ron Shepard
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Edward F. Valeev
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Theresa L. Windus
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University and
Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Sotiris S. Xantheas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Advanced
Computing, Mathematics and Data Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xing Zhang
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Rouquet E, Roy Chowdhury M, Garcia GA, Nahon L, Dupont J, Lepère V, Le Barbu-Debus K, Zehnacker A. Induced photoelectron circular dichroism onto an achiral chromophore. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6290. [PMID: 37813848 PMCID: PMC10562374 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42002-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
An achiral chromophore can acquire a chiral spectroscopic signature when interacting with a chiral environment. This so-called induced chirality is documented in electronic or vibrational circular dichroism, which arises from the coupling between electric and magnetic transition dipoles. Here, we demonstrate that a chiroptical response is also induced within the electric dipole approximation by observing the asymmetric scattering of a photoelectron ejected from an achiral chromophore in interaction with a chiral host. In a phenol-methyloxirane complex, removing an electron from an achiral aromatic π orbital localised on the phenol moiety results in an intense and opposite photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) for the two enantiomeric complexes with (R) and (S) methyloxirane, evidencing the long-range effect (~5 Å) of the scattering chiral potential. This induced chirality has important structural and analytical implications, discussed here in the context of growing interest in laser-based PECD, for in situ, real time enantiomer determination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Rouquet
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190, St Aubin, France
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | | | - Gustavo A Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190, St Aubin, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Départementale 128, F-91190, St Aubin, France.
| | - Jennifer Dupont
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Valéria Lepère
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Katia Le Barbu-Debus
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France
| | - Anne Zehnacker
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405, Orsay, France.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. A new generation of non-diagonal, renormalized self-energies for calculation of electron removal energies. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:124109. [PMID: 38127383 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A new generation of diagonal self-energies for the calculation of electron removal energies of molecules and molecular ions that has superseded its predecessors with respect to accuracy, efficiency, and interpretability is extended to include non-diagonal self-energies that permit Dyson orbitals to be expressed as linear combinations of canonical Hartree-Fock orbitals. In addition, an improved algorithm for renormalized methods eliminates the convergence difficulties encountered in the first studies of the new, diagonal self-energies. A dataset of outer-valence, vertical ionization energies with almost full-configuration-interaction quality serves as a standard of comparison in numerical tests. The new non-diagonal, renormalized methods are slightly more accurate than their diagonal counterparts, with mean absolute errors between 0.10 and 0.06 eV for outer-valence final states. This advantage is procured at the cost of an increase in the scaling of arithmetic bottlenecks that accompany the inclusion of non-diagonal self-energy terms. The new, non-diagonal, renormalized self-energies are also more accurate and efficient than their non-diagonal predecessors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mendes M, Bou-Debes D, Eden S, Bundaleski N, Teodoro OMND, Cornetta LM, Ferreira da Silva F. Electron ionization induced fragmentation pathways of trichloroanisole. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:25361-25367. [PMID: 37703052 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02019c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroanisole (TCA) is one of the most significant contaminants in cork stoppers. The presence of TCA leads to an unpleasant odor known as "cork taint", resulting in high economic losses for the cork and wine industries. Hence, the detection, quantification, and characterization of TCA are essential to address this concern. The present study investigates the electron-driven fragmentation pathways of TCA through electron ionization mass spectrometry as a function of electron energy (0-100 eV), and the results are supported by theoretical characterization of ionization potentials, dissociation thresholds, and electron ionization cross sections. The appearance energies of ten cations were measured, including the first experimental evaluation of the molecule's ionization energy at 8.8 ± 0.3 eV, in excellent agreement with the calculations (8.83 eV). For lower energies, around 20 eV, the parent cation accounted for more than 60% of the total ion signal, followed by its demethylated fragment. Taken together, these ion signals could be used as fingerprints of TCA in industrial quality control by low-energy electron ionization mass spectrometry. Fifty other fragments have been identified at higher electron energies, revealing the very rich fragmentation pattern of TCA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Mendes
- CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, Caparica P-2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Daniel Bou-Debes
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Samuel Eden
- School of Physical Sciences, The Open University, Walton Hall, Milton Keynes, MK7 6AA, UK
| | - Nenad Bundaleski
- CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, Caparica P-2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Orlando M N D Teodoro
- CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, Caparica P-2829-516, Portugal.
| | - Lucas M Cornetta
- Instituto de Física Gleb Wataghin, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Filipe Ferreira da Silva
- CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Nova School of Sciences and Technology, Caparica P-2829-516, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mukhopadhyay T, Jangid B, Dutta AK. State-specific frozen natural orbital for reduced-cost algebraic diagrammatic construction calculations: The application to ionization problem. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:084113. [PMID: 37638624 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a reduced-cost algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC) method based on state-specific frozen natural orbital and natural auxiliary functions. The newly developed method has been benchmarked on the GW100 test set for the ionization problem. The use of state-specific natural orbitals drastically reduces the size of the virtual space with a systematically controllable accuracy and offers a significant speedup over the standard ionization potential (IP)-ADC(3) method. The accuracy of the method can be controlled by two thresholds and nearly a black box to use. The inclusion of the perturbative correction significantly improves the accuracy of the calculated IP values, and the efficiency of the method has been demonstrated by calculating the IP of a molecule with 60 atoms and more than 2216 basis functions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tamoghna Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Bhavnesh Jangid
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Achintya Kumar Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dreuw A, Papapostolou A, Dempwolff AL. Algebraic Diagrammatic Construction Schemes Employing the Intermediate State Formalism: Theory, Capabilities, and Interpretation. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:6635-6646. [PMID: 37498297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c02761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Algebraic diagrammatic construction (ADC) schemes represent a family of ab initio methods for the calculation of excited electronic states and electron-detached and -attached states. All ADC methods have been demonstrated to possess great potential for molecular applications, e.g., for the calculation of absorption or photoelectron spectra or electron attachment processes. ADC originates from Green's function or propagator theory; however, most recent ADC developments heavily rely on the intermediate state representation or effective Liouvillian formalisms, which comprise new ADC methods and computational schemes for high-order properties. The different approaches for the calculation of excitation energies, ionization potentials, and electron affinities are intimately related, and they provide a coherent description of these quantities at equivalent levels of theory and with comparable errors. Most quantum chemical program packages contain ADC methods; however, the most complete ADC suite of methods can be found in the recent release of Q-Chem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Antonia Papapostolou
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian L Dempwolff
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Pandey AN, Taketsugu T, Singh RK. Theoretical investigation of copper clusters using the electron propagator theory. J CHEM SCI 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-023-02146-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
|
19
|
Mattioli G, Avaldi L, Bolognesi P, Casavola A, Morini F, Van Caekenberghe T, Bozek JD, Castrovilli MC, Chiarinelli J, Domaracka A, Indrajith S, Maclot S, Milosavljević AR, Nicolafrancesco C, Nicolas C, Rousseau P. A study of the valence photoelectron spectrum of uracil and mixed water-uracil clusters. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:114301. [PMID: 36948841 DOI: 10.1063/5.0135574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The valence ionization of uracil and mixed water-uracil clusters has been studied experimentally and by ab initio calculations. In both measurements, the spectrum onset shows a red shift with respect to the uracil molecule, with the mixed cluster characterized by peculiar features unexplained by the sum of independent contributions of the water or uracil aggregation. To interpret and assign all the contributions, we performed a series of multi-level calculations, starting from an exploration of several cluster structures using automated conformer-search algorithms based on a tight-binding approach. Ionization energies have been assessed on smaller clusters via a comparison between accurate wavefunction-based approaches and cost-effective DFT-based simulations, the latter of which were applied to clusters up to 12 uracil and 36 water molecules. The results confirm that (i) the bottom-up approach based on a multilevel method [Mattioli et al. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 23, 1859 (2021)] to the structure of neutral clusters of unknown experimental composition converges to precise structure-property relationships and (ii) the coexistence of pure and mixed clusters in the water-uracil samples. A natural bond orbital (NBO) analysis performed on a subset of clusters highlighted the special role of H-bonds in the formation of the aggregates. The NBO analysis yields second-order perturbative energy between the H-bond donor and acceptor orbitals correlated with the calculated ionization energies. This sheds light on the role of the oxygen lone-pairs of the uracil CO group in the formation of strong H-bonds, with a stronger directionality in mixed clusters, giving a quantitative explanation for the formation of core-shell structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Mattioli
- CNR-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, CP 10 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Avaldi
- CNR-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, CP 10 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Paola Bolognesi
- CNR-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, CP 10 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Annarita Casavola
- CNR-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, CP 10 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Filippo Morini
- X-lab, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hasselt, Campus Diepenbeek, BE 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Thomas Van Caekenberghe
- X-lab, Faculty of Sciences, University of Hasselt, Campus Diepenbeek, BE 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - John D Bozek
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme de Merisiers, 91192, Saint Aubin, BP48, 1192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Mattea C Castrovilli
- CNR-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, CP 10 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Jacopo Chiarinelli
- CNR-Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Area della Ricerca di Roma 1, CP 10 Monterotondo Scalo, Italy
| | - Alicja Domaracka
- Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, 14000 Caen, France
| | | | - Sylvain Maclot
- Institut Lumière Matière, UMR5306 CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69622 Villeurbanne CEDEX, France
| | | | - Chiara Nicolafrancesco
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme de Merisiers, 91192, Saint Aubin, BP48, 1192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Nicolas
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme de Merisiers, 91192, Saint Aubin, BP48, 1192 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Patrick Rousseau
- Normandie University, ENSICAEN, UNICAEN, CEA, CNRS, CIMAP, 14000 Caen, France
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sidorin AE, Tikhonov SA, Samoilov IS, Osmushko IS, Svistunova IV, Tretyakova GO, Puzyr'kov ZN, Vovna VI. Electronic structure, cationic, and excited states of nitrogen-containing spiroborates. J Mol Model 2023; 29:69. [PMID: 36797551 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-023-05465-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT This paper presents the results of the study of the electronic structure and cationic and excited states of three spiroborate complexes (2-acetylacetonato-1,3,2-benzodioxaborol, its NH- and NMe-derivatives) and three corresponding ligands (acetylacetone, 4-aminopent-3-en-2-one, and 4-methylaminopent-3-en-2-one). Materials based on spiroborates are used in medicine, for example, as a drug carrier. In industry, spiroborate anions are used in ionic liquids and as alternative high performance lubricants. Analysis of experimental and calculated data allowed determining the influence of functional groups on the parameters of the electronic structure and energy of electronic transitions. Compared to acetylacetone and its NH- and NMe-derivatives, the upper filled molecular orbitals of the corresponding spiroborates are stabilized at 0.4-1.7 eV, which is due to the positive charge of the ligand due to the acceptor properties of the dioxyphenylene fragment. Among the studied compounds, when replacing the oxygen atom in the α-position with the NH- or NMe-group, a bathochromic shift of intense bands in the absorption spectra is observed, since the energy intervals between the orbitals of the π3 and π4 ligand are reduced. In addition, in a number of spiroborates, the violation of C2v symmetry when replacing an oxygen atom leads to the appearance of a low-intensity maximum in the long-wave part of the absorption spectrum, due to the π2X → π4 transition. METHOD Complexes were studied by photoelectron spectroscopy, absorption spectroscopy, and high-level ab initio quantum chemical computations, including the algebraic diagrammatic construction method for the polarization propagator of the second order (ADC(2)), the outer-valence Green's function (OVGF), the density functional theory (DFT), the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and the domain-based local pair natural orbital (EOM-DLPNO) methods. X-ray photoelectronic spectra of two spiroborates in the condensed state were measured using a two-chamber high-vacuum system MXPS XP (Omicron, Germany). UV-visible absorption spectra were recorded using a spectrophotometer 2550 (Shimadzu-UV, Japan). The geometry of all studied compounds was optimized by the DFT/B3LYP/Def2-SVP method. The energy of electron levels in the S0 state and the distribution of electron density at each MO were obtained by the DFT/CAMB3LYP/cc-pVDZ method. The energies of excited states were obtained by the TDDFT/CAMB3LYP/cc-pVDZ, ADC(2)/cc-pVDZ and EOM-DLPNO/cc-pVDZ methods. All DFT and TDDFT calculations were carried out in the GAMESS (US) software computing package. ADC(2) calculations of excited states were performed using the Orca 4.0.1 software package. EOM-DLPNO and OVGF calculations were carried out in the Gaussian 16 software package.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey E Sidorin
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergey A Tikhonov
- Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Survey of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683023, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya S Samoilov
- Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Survey of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, 683023, Russian Federation
- Department of Photonics, Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, 199034, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan S Osmushko
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russian Federation
| | - Irina V Svistunova
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation
| | - Galina O Tretyakova
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russian Federation
| | - Zahar N Puzyr'kov
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation
- Institute of Chemistry, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690022, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy I Vovna
- Institute of High Technologies and Advanced Materials, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, 690922, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Skitnevskaya AD, Gokhberg K, Trofimov AB, Grigoricheva EK, Kuleff AI, Cederbaum LS. Two-Sided Impact of Water on the Relaxation of Inner-Valence Vacancies of Biologically Relevant Molecules. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1418-1426. [PMID: 36731025 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
After ionization of an inner-valence electron of molecules, the resulting cation-radicals store substantial internal energy which, if sufficient, can trigger ejection of an additional electron in an Auger decay usually followed by molecule fragmentation. In the environment, intermolecular Coulombic decay (ICD) and electron-transfer mediated decay (ETMD) are also operative, resulting in one or two electrons being ejected from a neighbor, thus preventing the fragmentation of the initially ionized molecule. These relaxation processes are investigated theoretically for prototypical heterocycle-water complexes of imidazole, pyrrole, and pyridine. It is found that the hydrogen-bonding site of the water molecule critically influences the nature and energetics of the electronic states involved, opening or closing certain relaxation processes of the inner-valence ionized system. Our results indicate that the relaxation mechanisms of biologically relevant systems with inner-valence vacancies on their carbon atoms can strongly depend on the presence of the electron-density donating or accepting neighbor, either water or another biomolecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna D Skitnevskaya
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemical Modeling of Molecular Systems, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Kirill Gokhberg
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexander B Trofimov
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemical Modeling of Molecular Systems, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
- Favorsky's Institute of Chemistry, SB RAS, Favorsky Str. 1, 664033 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Emma K Grigoricheva
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemical Modeling of Molecular Systems, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russia
| | - Alexander I Kuleff
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Lorenz S Cederbaum
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tikhonov SA, Sidorin AE, Ksenofontov AA, Kosyanov DY, Samoilov IS, Skitnevskaya AD, Trofimov AB, Antina EV, Berezin MB, Vovna VI. XPS and quantum chemical analysis of 4Me-BODIPY derivatives. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5211-5225. [PMID: 36723097 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04541a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The results of a X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and steady-state absorption spectroscopy study of the electronic structure, and cationic and excited states of a series of 1,3,5,7-tetramethyl-substituted BODIPYs (4Me,2R-BODIPYs) are presented. The experimental data were interpreted using high-level ab initio quantum chemical computations, including the algebraic diagrammatic construction method for the polarization propagator of the second order (ADC(2)), the outer-valence Green's function (OVGF) method, the density functional (DFT) approach, and the time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach. Substitution effects on the XPS and absorption spectra were determined for 2,6-positions of 4Me,2R-BODIPY pyrrole nuclei (R = H, Br, Bu, benzyl). A very satisfactory performance of the DFT Koopmans theorem analogue was demonstrated with respect to the energy intervals between the electronic levels of 4Me,2R-BODIPY above 13 eV (BHHLYP functional) and the values of the HOMO-LUMO energy gap (ωB97X functional).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Tikhonov
- Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Survey of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip blvd. 9, 683023 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey E Sidorin
- Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander A Ksenofontov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str. 1, 153045 Ivanovo, Russian Federation
| | - Denis Yu Kosyanov
- Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russian Federation.,Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Radio Street, 690041 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| | - Ilya S Samoilov
- Kamchatka Branch of the Geophysical Survey of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Piip blvd. 9, 683023 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russian Federation. .,Department of Photonics, Saint Petersburg State University, 7-9 Universitetskaya Embankment, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anna D Skitnevskaya
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemical Modeling of Molecular Systems, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander B Trofimov
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemical Modeling of Molecular Systems, Irkutsk State University, Karl Marx Str. 1, 664003 Irkutsk, Russian Federation.,Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Favorsky St., 664033 Irkutsk, Russian Federation
| | - Elena V Antina
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str. 1, 153045 Ivanovo, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail B Berezin
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademicheskaya Str. 1, 153045 Ivanovo, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaliy I Vovna
- Far Eastern Federal University, 10 Ajax Bay, Russky Island, 690922 Vladivostok, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Electron Propagator Theory of Vertical Electron Detachment Energies of Anions: Benchmarks and Applications to Nucleotides. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:1085-1101. [PMID: 36656801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c08372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A new generation of ab initio electron-propagator self-energy approximations that are free of adjustable parameters is tested on a benchmark set of 55 vertical electron detachment energies of closed-shell anions. Comparisons with older self-energy approximations indicate that several new methods that make the diagonal self-energy approximation in the canonical Hartree-Fock orbital basis provide superior accuracy and computational efficiency. These methods and their acronyms, mean absolute errors (in eV), and arithmetic bottlenecks expressed in terms of occupied (O) and virtual (V) orbitals are the opposite-spin, non-Dyson, diagonal second-order method (os-nD-D2, 0.2, OV2), the approximately renormalized quasiparticle third-order method (Q3+, 0.15, O2V3) and the approximately renormalized, non-Dyson, linear, third-order method (nD-L3+, 0.1, OV4). The Brueckner doubles with triple field operators (BD-T1) nondiagonal electron-propagator method provides such close agreement with coupled-cluster single, double, and perturbative triple replacement total energy differences that it may be used as an alternative means of obtaining standard data. The new methods with diagonal self-energy matrices are the foundation of a composite procedure for estimating basis-set effects. This model produces accurate predictions and clear interpretations based on Dyson orbitals for the photoelectron spectra of the nucleotides found in DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
The Role of Molecular Structure in Monte Carlo Simulations of the Secondary Electron Yield and Backscattering Coefficient from Methacrylic Acid. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031126. [PMID: 36770793 PMCID: PMC9919984 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we show the influence of the chemical structure of four different conformers on the secondary electron emission and backscattering of an electron beam from a gel of methacrylic acid. The conformers have different permanent dipole moments, which determines the cross sections for elastic collisions with electrons. The cross sections are used in Monte Carlo simulations of an electron beam, which enters the gel of methacrylic acid. The secondary electron yield and the backscattering coefficient are computed as a function of the beam energy.
Collapse
|
25
|
Palmer MH, Coreno M, de Simone M, Grazioli C, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Aitken RA, Sonecha DK. The ionic and ground states of gamma-pyrone. The photoionization spectrum studied by synchrotron radiation and interpreted by configuration interaction and density functional calculations. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:014304. [PMID: 36610975 DOI: 10.1063/5.0128764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A synchrotron-based photoionization spectrum up to 27 eV represents a considerable improvement in resolution over early He(I) and He(II) spectra. Symmetry-adapted coupled cluster calculations of the ionic state sequence give the sequence of state vertical ionization energies (VIE) as 12B2 < 12B1 < 12A2 < 22B1 < 12A1. Generally, these symmetry-adapted cluster configuration interactions VIE match reasonably well with the experimental spectrum over this wide energy range. Density functional calculations of the corresponding adiabatic terms (AIE) were also performed. Higher energy ionic states were determined by complete active space self-consistent field methods; these include all π-ionizations and some σ-ionic states. These were analyzed by Franck-Condon (FC) procedures and compared with an experiment. The spectral onset is complex, where two states, later shown to be the 12B2 and 12B1 states, are strongly overlapping. The superposition of the FC vibrational structure in the 12B2 and 12B1 states accounts for most of the peaks arising at the onset of the photoelectron spectra. However, the small separation between these two ionic states makes vibronic interaction fairly inevitable. In the absence of Herzberg-Teller analyses for ionic states, we have sought and determined a transition state between the 12B2 and 12B1 states, showing that vibronic coupling does occur. The lack of degradation in the vibrational envelope of the higher of the two states contrasts with our previous work on the halogenobenzenes, where overlapping state envelopes led to considerable widening of the line width at half-height of the higher energy states.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael H Palmer
- School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Joseph Black Building, David Brewster Road, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Marcello Coreno
- ISM-CNR, Instituto di Struttura della Materia, LD2 Unit, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Monica de Simone
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Basovizza SS-14, Km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Nykola C Jones
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Søren Vrønning Hoffmann
- ISA, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade 120, DK, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - R Alan Aitken
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Dheirya K Sonecha
- School of Chemistry, University of St. Andrews, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, Scotland, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Ciavardini A, Galdenzi F, Coreno M, Ninno GD, Grazioli C, de Simone M, Totani R, Piccirillo S, Plekan O, Ponzi A. Valence and core-level X-ray photoemission spectroscopy of light-sensitive molecules: Lumazine and alloxazine. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
27
|
Backhouse OJ, Booth GH. Constructing “Full-Frequency” Spectra via Moment Constraints for Coupled Cluster Green’s Functions. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:6622-6636. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - George H. Booth
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Chong D, Wang F. Dehydrogenation of Ammonia Borane Impacts Valence and Core Electrons: A Photoemission Spectroscopic Study. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:35924-35932. [PMID: 36249405 PMCID: PMC9558250 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ammonia borane (H3BNH3) is a promising material for hydrogen storage and release. Dehydrogenation of ammonia borane produces small boron-nitrogen hydrides such as aminoborane (H2BNH2) and iminoborane (HBNH). The present study investigates ammonia borane and its two dehydrogenated products for the first time using calculated photoemission spectra of the valence and core electrons. It is found that a significant decrease in the dipole moment was observed associated with the dehydration from 5.397 D in H3BNH3, to 1.942 D in H2BNH2, and to 0.083 D in HBNH. Such reduction in the dipole moment impacts properties such as hydrogen bonding, dihydrogen bonding, and their spectra. Dehydrogenation of H3BNH3 impacts both the valence and core electronic structure of the boron-nitrogen hydrides. The calculated valence vertical ionization energy (VIE) spectra of the boron-nitrogen hydrides show that valence orbitals dominated by 2p-electrons of B and N atoms exhibit large changes, whereas orbitals dominated by s-electrons, such as (3a14a15a1/3σ4σ5σ) remain less affected. The first ionization energy slightly increases from 10.57 eV for H3BNH3 to 11.29 eV for both unsaturated H2BNH2 and HBNH. In core space, the oxidative dehydrogenation of H3BNH3 affects the core electron binding energy (CEBE) of borane and nitrogen oppositely. The B1s binding energies increase from 194.01 eV in H3BNH3 to 196.93 eV in HBNH, up by 2.92 eV, whereas the N1s binding energies decrease from 408.20 eV in H3BNH3 to 404.88 eV in HBNH, dropped by 3.32 eV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delano
P. Chong
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Feng Wang
- Department
of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Computing and Engineering
Technologies, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Victoria 3122, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Laughon K, Yu JM, Zhu T. Periodic Coupled-Cluster Green's Function for Photoemission Spectra of Realistic Solids. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9122-9128. [PMID: 36162126 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present an efficient implementation of the coupled-cluster Green's function (CCGF) method for simulating photoemission spectra of periodic systems. We formulate the periodic CCGF approach with Brillouin zone sampling in the Gaussian basis at the coupled-cluster singles and doubles (CCSD) level. To enable CCGF calculations of realistic solids, we propose an active-space self-energy correction scheme by combining CCGF with the cheaper many-body perturbation theory (GW) and implement the model order reduction (MOR) frequency interpolation technique. We find that the active-space self-energy correction and MOR techniques significantly reduce the computational cost of CCGF while maintaining the high accuracy. We apply the developed CCGF approaches to compute spectral properties and band structure of silicon (Si) and zinc oxide (ZnO) crystals using triple-ζ Gaussian basis sets and medium-size k-point sampling and find good agreement with experimental measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katelyn Laughon
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Jason M Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Tianyu Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Plekan O, Grazioli C, Coreno M, Di Fraia M, Prince KC, Richter R, Ponzi A. Investigation of quinoline derivatives by photoemission spectroscopy and theoretical calculations. Chem Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2022.111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
31
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Double Rydberg anions, Rydberg radicals and micro-solvated cations with ammonium-water kernels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:18347-18360. [PMID: 35880699 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02570a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Highly accurate ab initio electron-propagator and coupled-cluster methods are employed to predict the vertical electron attachment energies (VEAEs) of NH4+(H2O)n (n = 1-4) cationic clusters. The VEAEs decrease with increasing n and the corresponding Dyson orbitals are diffused over peripheral, non-hydrogen bonded protons. Clusters formed from NH4- double Rydberg anions (DRAs) and stabilized by hydrogen bonding or electrostatic interactions are studied through calculations on NH4-(H2O)n complexes and are compared with more stable H-(NH3)(H2O)n isomers. Structures that have cationic and anionic congeners have notable changes in geometry. For all values of n, the hydride-molecule complex H-(NH3)(H2O)n is always the most stable, with large vertical electron detachment energies (VEDEs). NH4-(H2O)n DRA isomers are predicted to have VEDEs that correspond to energetically well-separated peaks in an anion photoelectron spectrum. Less stable DRA isomers display proton donation from the tetrahedral NH4- fragment to water molecules and VEDEs close to those of previously discovered DRAs. The most stable DRA isomers feature tetrahedral NH4- fragments without H bridges to water molecules and VEDEs that increase with n. Dyson orbitals of NH4-(H2O)n DRAs occupy regions beyond the exterior non-bridging O-H and N-H bonds. Thus, the Rydberg electrons in the uncharged Rydberg radicals and DRAs are held near the outer protons of the water and ammonia molecules. Several bound low-lying excited states of the doublet Rydberg radicals have single electrons occupying delocalized Dyson orbitals of s-like, p-like, d-like, or f-like nodal patterns with the following Aufbau principle: 1s, 1p, 1d, 2s, 2p, 1f.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
| | - Joseph Vincent Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849-5312, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. Electron Propagator Self-Energies versus Improved GW100 Vertical Ionization Energies. J Chem Theory Comput 2022; 18:4927-4944. [PMID: 35822816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ab initio electron propagator (EP) methods that are free of adjustable parameters in their self-energy formulae and in the generation of their orbital bases have been applied to the calculation of the lowest vertical ionization energies (VIEs) of the GW100 set. An improved set of standard results accompanied by irreducible representation assignments has been produced indirectly with coupled-cluster singles and doubles plus perturbative triples, i.e., CCSD(T), total energy differences at initial-state geometries reoptimized (in 28 cases) with the largest applicable point groups. The best compromises of accuracy and efficiency belong to a new generation of EP self-energies, several members of which may be derived from an intermediately normalized, Hermitized super-operator metric. The following diagonal self-energy methods are optimal: opposite-spin non-Dyson second order (os-nD-D2), approximately renormalized partial third order (P3+), approximately renormalized quasiparticle third order (Q3+), and non-Dyson approximately renormalized linear third order version B (nD-L3+B). Their mean absolute errors (MAEs) in electron volts and arithmetic scaling factors expressed in terms of occupied (O) and virtual (V) orbital dimensions are, respectively, (0.18, OV2), (0.14, O2V3), (0.15, O2V3), and (0.11, OV4). The 0.06 eV MAE for the non-diagonal, sixth-power (O2V4) Brueckner doubles, triple-field operator (BD-T1) EP method is exceeded by the 0.1 eV MAE with respect to experiments in seventh-power, ΔCCSD(T) calculations and indicates that BD-T1 may serve as a direct, spin-symmetry-conserving alternative in the generation of standard results for VIEs of larger, closed-shell molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Romero J, Limão-Vieira P, Probst M. Electron-impact ionization cross sections of small molecules containing Fe and Cr ∗. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:374001. [PMID: 35772390 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac7d86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We present the electron-impact ionization cross sections (EICSs) of iron and chromium hydrides, nitrides, and oxides. The motivation of this work stems from the fact that chemical sputtering from a steel surface exposed to a hot plasma can create these molecules which in turn influence the composition and energy balance of the plasma. The latter influence is quantified by the EICS which we derive by using two semi-empirical methods which can be employed in the relevant energy range of 10-1000 eV. They are important molecular properties for plasma- and materials science. We discuss the foundations of the methods and present the cross sections of the high- and low-spin states of the species in their neutral ground states and of their cations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José Romero
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Atomic and Molecular Collisions Laboratory, CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Paulo Limão-Vieira
- Atomic and Molecular Collisions Laboratory, CEFITEC, Department of Physics, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Michael Probst
- Institute of Ion Physics and Applied Physics, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 25, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- School of Molecular Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Rayong 21210, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Kalita AJ, Rohman SS, Kashyap C, Ullah SS, Baruah I, Mazumder LJ, Konwar D, Guha AK. Planar Octacoordinate Aluminium in Dual Aromatic AlBe4N4− Cluster. J CLUST SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-022-02295-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
35
|
Electronic structure and photoelectron spectra of fluorinated ZnII thioacetylacetonate complexes. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-022-3522-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
|
36
|
Zhou J, Jia S, Skitnevskaya AD, Wang E, Hähnel T, Grigoricheva EK, Xue X, Li JX, Kuleff AI, Dorn A, Ren X. Concerted Double Hydrogen-Bond Breaking by Intermolecular Coulombic Decay in the Formic Acid Dimer. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:4272-4279. [PMID: 35522820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonds are ubiquitous in nature and of fundamental importance to the chemical and physical properties of molecular systems in the condensed phase. Nevertheless, our understanding of the structural and dynamical properties of hydrogen-bonded complexes in particular in electronic excited states remains very incomplete. Here, by using formic acid (FA) dimer as a prototype of DNA base pair, we investigate the ultrafast decay process initiated by removal of an electron from the inner-valence shell of the molecule upon electron-beam irradiation. Through fragment-ion and electron coincident momentum measurements and ab initio calculations, we find that de-excitation of an outer-valence electron at the same site can initiate ultrafast energy transfer to the neighboring molecule, which is in turn ionized through the emission of low-energy electrons. Our study reveals a concerted breaking of double hydrogen-bond in the dimer initiated by the ultrafast molecular rotations of two FA+ cations following this nonlocal decay mechanism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhou
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Shaokui Jia
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Anna D Skitnevskaya
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Enliang Wang
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
- J. R. Macdonald Laboratory, Department of Physics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Theresa Hähnel
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Emma K Grigoricheva
- Laboratory of Quantum Chemistry, Irkutsk State University, Irkutsk 664003, Russia
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Xiaorui Xue
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Jian-Xing Li
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
| | - Alexander I Kuleff
- Theoretische Chemie, Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg 69120, Germany
| | - Alexander Dorn
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| | - Xueguang Ren
- School of Physics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, China
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik, Saupfercheckweg 1, Heidelberg 69117, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Structure and dynamics of electronically excited molecular systems. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
|
38
|
Gao SJ, Guo JC, Zhai HJ. Boron Oxide B5O6− Cluster as a Boronyl-Based Inorganic Analog of Phenolate Anion. Front Chem 2022; 10:868782. [PMID: 35464225 PMCID: PMC9024314 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.868782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Boron oxide clusters have structural richness and exotic chemical bonding. We report a quantum chemical study on the binary B5O6− cluster, which is relatively oxygen-rich. A global structural search reveals planar C2v (1A1) geometry as the global minimum structure, featuring a heteroatomic hexagonal B3O3 ring as its core. The three unsaturated B sites are terminated by two boronyl (BO) groups and an O− ligand. The B5O6− cluster can be faithfully formulated as B3O3(BO)2O−. This structure is in stark contrast to that of its predecessors, Cs B5O5− and Td B5O4−, both of which have a tetrahedral B center. Thus, there exists a major structural transformation in B5On− series upon oxidation, indicating intriguing competition between tetrahedral and heterocyclic structures. The chemical bonding analyses show weak 6π aromaticity in the B5O6− cluster, rendering it a boronyl analog of phenolate anion (C6H5O−) or boronyl boroxine. The calculated vertical detachment energy of B5O6− cluster is 5.26 eV at PBE0, which greatly surpasses the electron affinities of halogens (Cl: 3.61 eV), suggesting that the cluster belongs to superhalogen anions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Juan Gao
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lvliang University, Lvliang, China
| | - Jin-Chang Guo
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Chang Guo, ; Hua-Jin Zhai,
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
- *Correspondence: Jin-Chang Guo, ; Hua-Jin Zhai,
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bâldea I. Are Asymmetric SAM‐Induced Work Function Modifications Relevant for Real Molecular Rectifiers? ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioan Bâldea
- Theoretical Chemistry Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 229 Heidelberg D‐69120 Germany
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dupont J, Lepère V, Zehnacker A, Hartweg S, Garcia GA, Nahon L. Photoelectron Circular Dichroism as a Signature of Subtle Conformational Changes: The Case of Ring Inversion in 1-Indanol. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2313-2320. [PMID: 35245057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chirality plays a fundamental role in the molecular recognition processes. Molecular flexibility is also crucial in molecular recognition, allowing the interacting molecules to adjust their structures and hence optimize the interaction. Methods probing simultaneously chirality and molecular conformation are therefore crucially needed. Taking advantage of a possible control in the gas phase of the conformational distribution between the equatorial and axial conformers resulting from a ring inversion in jet-cooled 1-indanol, we demonstrate here the sensitivity of valence-shell photoelectron circular dichroism (PECD) to both chirality and subtle conformational changes, in a case where the photoelectron spectra of the two conformers are identical. For the highest occupied orbital, we observe a dramatic inversion of the PECD-induced photoelectron asymmetries, while the photoionization cross-section and usual anisotropy (β) parameter are completely insensitive to conformational isomerism. Such a sensitivity is a major asset for the ongoing developments of PECD-based techniques as a sensitive chiral (bio)chemical analytical tool in the gas phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Dupont
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Valéria Lepère
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Anne Zehnacker
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91405 Orsay, France
| | - Sebastian Hartweg
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin BP48, F-91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Gustavo A Garcia
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin BP48, F-91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Laurent Nahon
- Synchrotron Soleil, L'Orme des Merisiers, St. Aubin BP48, F-91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Hodecker M, Dempwolff AL, Schirmer J, Dreuw A. Theoretical analysis and comparison of unitary coupled-cluster and algebraic-diagrammatic construction methods for ionization. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:074104. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0070967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Hodecker
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Adrian L. Dempwolff
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jochen Schirmer
- Theoretical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Dempwolff AL, Hodecker M, Dreuw A. Vertical ionization potential benchmark for unitary coupled-cluster and algebraic-diagrammatic construction methods. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:054114. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0079047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L. Dempwolff
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Manuel Hodecker
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry and Biology, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Malvinas Väg 10, 114 28 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 205, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Palmer MH, Coreno M, de Simone M, Grazioli C, Jones NC, Hoffmann SV, Aitken RA. The ground and ionized states of azulene; a combined study of the vibrational energy levels by photoionization, configuration interaction and density functional calculations. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:064305. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0073505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, TASC Laboratory, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Italy
| | - Nykola C. Jones
- Aarhus University Department of Physics and Astronomy, Denmark
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Scheidegger A, Vaníček J, Golubev NV. Search for long-lasting electronic coherence using on-the-fly ab initio semiclassical dynamics. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:034104. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0076609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Scheidegger
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jiří Vaníček
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nikolay V. Golubev
- Laboratory of Theoretical Physical Chemistry, Institut des Sciences et Ingénierie Chimiques, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Moitra T, Paul AC, Decleva P, Koch H, Coriani S. Multi-electron excitation contributions towards primary and satellite states in the photoelectron spectrum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:8329-8343. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04695k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The computation of Dyson orbitals and corresponding ionization energies has been implemented within the Equation of Motion Coupled Cluster Singles, Doubles and Perturbative Triples (EOM-CC3) method. Coupled to an accurate...
Collapse
|
46
|
Recent progress in electron-propagator, extended-Koopmans-theorem and self-consistent-field approaches to the interpretation and prediction of electron binding energies. ADVANCES IN QUANTUM CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiq.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
|
47
|
Opoku E, Pawłowski F, Ortiz JV. A new generation of diagonal self-energies for the calculation of electron removal energies. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:204107. [PMID: 34852487 DOI: 10.1063/5.0070849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A new generation of diagonal self-energy approximations in ab initio electron propagator theory for the calculation of electron removal energies of molecules and molecular ions has been derived from an intermediately normalized, Hermitized super-operator metric. These methods and widely used antecedents such as the outer valence Green's function and the approximately renormalized partial third order method are tested with respect to a dataset of vertical ionization energies generated with a valence, triple-ζ, correlation-consistent basis set and a converged series of many-body calculations whose accuracy approaches that of full configuration interaction. Several modifications of the diagonal second-order self-energy, a version of G0W0 theory based on Tamm-Dancoff excitations and several non-diagonal self-energies are also included in the tests. All new methods employ canonical Hartree-Fock orbitals. No adjustable or empirical parameters appear. A hierarchy of methods with optimal accuracy for a given level of computational efficiency is established. Several widely used diagonal self-energy methods are rendered obsolete by the new hierarchy whose members, in order of increasing accuracy, are (1) the opposite-spin non-Dyson diagonal second-order or os-nD-D2, (2) the approximately renormalized third-order quasiparticle or Q3+, (3) the renormalized third-order quasiparticle or RQ3, (4) the approximately renormalized linear third-order or L3+, and (5) the renormalized linear third-order or RL3 self-energies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Opoku
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| | - Filip Pawłowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| | - J V Ortiz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849-5312, USA
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Xie Z, Bâldea I, Nguyen QV, Frisbie CD. Quantitative analysis of weak current rectification in molecular tunnel junctions subject to mechanical deformation reveals two different rectification mechanisms for oligophenylene thiols versus alkane thiols. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16755-16768. [PMID: 34604892 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04410a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal-molecule-metal junctions based on alkane thiol (CnT) and oligophenylene thiol (OPTn) self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) and Au electrodes are expected to exhibit similar electrical asymmetry, as both junctions have one chemisorbed Au-S contact and one physisorbed, van der Waals contact. Asymmetry is quantified by the current rectification ratio RR apparent in the current-voltage (I-V) characteristics. Here we show that RR < 1 for CnT and RR > 1 for OPTn junctions, in contrast to expectation, and further, that RR behaves very differently for CnT and OPTn junctions under mechanical extension using the conducting probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) testbed. The analysis presented in this paper, which leverages results from the previously validated single level model and ab initio quantum chemical calculations, allows us to explain the puzzling experimental findings for CnT and OPTn in terms of different current rectification mechanisms. Specifically, in CnT-based junctions the Stark effect creates the HOMO level shifting necessary for rectification, while for OPTn junctions the level shift arises from position-dependent coupling of the HOMO wavefunction with the junction electrostatic potential profile. On the basis of these mechanisms, our quantum chemical calculations allow quantitative description of the impact of mechanical deformation on the measured current rectification. Additionally, our analysis, matched to experiment, facilitates direct estimation of the impact of intramolecular electrostatic screening on the junction potential profile. Overall, our examination of current rectification in benchmark molecular tunnel junctions illuminates key physical mechanisms at play in single step tunneling through molecules, and demonstrates the quantitative agreement that can be obtained between experiment and theory in these systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuoti Xie
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Guangdong Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Shantou, Guangdong, 515063, China.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
| | - Ioan Bâldea
- Theoretical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Quyen Van Nguyen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
| | - C Daniel Frisbie
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
|
50
|
Westermayr J, Marquetand P. Machine Learning for Electronically Excited States of Molecules. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9873-9926. [PMID: 33211478 PMCID: PMC8391943 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Electronically excited states of molecules are at the heart of photochemistry, photophysics, as well as photobiology and also play a role in material science. Their theoretical description requires highly accurate quantum chemical calculations, which are computationally expensive. In this review, we focus on not only how machine learning is employed to speed up such excited-state simulations but also how this branch of artificial intelligence can be used to advance this exciting research field in all its aspects. Discussed applications of machine learning for excited states include excited-state dynamics simulations, static calculations of absorption spectra, as well as many others. In order to put these studies into context, we discuss the promises and pitfalls of the involved machine learning techniques. Since the latter are mostly based on quantum chemistry calculations, we also provide a short introduction into excited-state electronic structure methods and approaches for nonadiabatic dynamics simulations and describe tricks and problems when using them in machine learning for excited states of molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Julia Westermayr
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Philipp Marquetand
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna
Research Platform on Accelerating Photoreaction Discovery, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Data
Science @ Uni Vienna, University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 29, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|