|
1
|
Brahim B, Alves S, Cole RB, Tabet JC. Charge enhancement of single-stranded DNA in negative electrospray ionization using the supercharging reagent meta-nitrobenzyl alcohol. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2013; 24:1988-1996. [PMID: 24030289 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-013-0732-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2012] [Revised: 07/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Charge enhancement of single-stranded oligonucleotide ions in negative ESI mode is investigated. The employed reagent, meta-nitrobenzyl alcohol (m-NBA), was found to improve total signal intensity (Itot), increase the highest observed charge states (zhigh), and raise the average charge states (zavg) of all tested oligonucleotides analyzed in negative ESI. To quantify these increases, signal enhancement ratios (SER1%) and charge enhancement coefficients (CEC1%) were introduced. The SER1%, (defined as the quotient of total oligonucleotide ion abundances with 1% m-NBA divided by total oligonucleotide abundance without m-NBA) was found to be greater than unity for every oligonucleotide tested. The CEC1% values (defined as the average charge state in the presence of 1% m-NBA minus the average charge state in the absence of m-NBA) were found to be uniformly positive. Upon close inspection, the degree of charge enhancement for longer oligonucleotides was found to be dependent upon thymine density (i.e., the number and the location of phospho-thymidine units). A correlation between the charge enhancement induced by the presence of m-NBA and the apparent gas-phase acidity (largely determined by the sequence of thymine units but also by the presence of protons on other nucleobases) of multiply deprotonated oligonucleotide species, was thus established. Ammonium cations appeared to be directly involved in the m-NBA supercharging mechanism, and their role seems to be consistent with previously postulated ESI mechanisms describing desorption/ionization of single-stranded DNA into the gas phase.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bessem Brahim
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe de Chimie Structurale Organique et Biologique, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, CNRS UMR 7201, 75252, Paris cedex 05, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
|
3
|
Bould J, Laromaine A, Viñas C, Teixidor F, Barton L, Rath NP, Winter REK, Kivekäs R, Sillanpää R. New Derivatives of [NHMe3][7-Me-μ-(9,10-HMeC)-nido-7-CB10H10]. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om030487v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Bould
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Anna Laromaine
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Francesc Teixidor
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Lawrence Barton
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Nigam P. Rath
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Rudolph E. K. Winter
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Raikko Kivekäs
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| | - Reijo Sillanpää
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain, Chemistry Department, University of Missouri, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, Department of Chemistry, P.O. Box 55, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FIN-00014, Finland, and Department of Chemistry, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä FIN 40351, Finland
| |
Collapse
|