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Kumar M, Jha A, Bharti K, Parmar G, Mishra B. Advances in lipid-based pulmonary nanomedicine for the management of inflammatory lung disorders. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2022; 17:913-934. [PMID: 35451334 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory lung disorders have become one of the fastest growing global healthcare concerns, with more than 500 million annual cases of disorders such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and pulmonary fibrosis. Owing to environmental changes and socioeconomic disparity, the numbers are expected to grow even more in years to come. The therapeutic strategies and approved drugs currently employed in the management of inflammatory lung disorders show dose-dependent resistance and pharmacokinetic limitations. This review comprehensively discusses lipid-based pulmonary nanomedicine as a potential platform to overcome these barriers while ensuring site-specific drug delivery and minimal side effects in nontargeted tissues for the management of noninfectious inflammatory lung disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Abhishek Jha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Kanchan Bharti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Gourav Parmar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
| | - Brahmeshwar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005, India
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Godbole MD, Sabale PM, Mathur VB. Development of lamivudine liposomes by three-level factorial design approach for optimum entrapment and enhancing tissue targeting. J Microencapsul 2020; 37:431-444. [DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2020.1778806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mangesh D. Godbole
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
- Kamla Nehru College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, India
| | - Prafulla M. Sabale
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Nagpur, India
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Ramaiah B, Nagaraja SH, Kapanigowda UG, Boggarapu PR. Improved Lung Concentration of Levofloxacin by Targeted Gelatin Microspheres: In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Evaluation of Intake Rate, Targeting Efficacy Parameters and Peak Concentration Ratio in Albino Mice. J Pharm Innov 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-016-9252-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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4
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Pulmonary delivery of tobramycin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections associated with cystic fibrosis. Int J Pharm 2016; 498:263-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2015.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2015] [Revised: 12/08/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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El-Sherbiny IM, El-Baz NM, Yacoub MH. Inhaled nano- and microparticles for drug delivery. Glob Cardiol Sci Pract 2015; 2015:2. [PMID: 26779496 PMCID: PMC4386009 DOI: 10.5339/gcsp.2015.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The 21st century has seen a paradigm shift to inhaled therapy, for both systemic and local drug delivery, due to the lung's favourable properties of a large surface area and high permeability. Pulmonary drug delivery possesses many advantages, including non-invasive route of administration, low metabolic activity, control environment for systemic absorption and avoids first bypass metabolism. However, because the lung is one of the major ports of entry, it has multiple clearance mechanisms, which prevent foreign particles from entering the body. Although these clearance mechanisms maintain the sterility of the lung, clearance mechanisms can also act as barriers to the therapeutic effectiveness of inhaled drugs. This effectiveness is also influenced by the deposition site and delivered dose. Particulate-based drug delivery systems have emerged as an innovative and promising alternative to conventional inhaled drugs to circumvent pulmonary clearance mechanisms and provide enhanced therapeutic efficiency and controlled drug release. The principle of multiple pulmonary clearance mechanisms is reviewed, including mucociliary, alveolar macrophages, absorptive, and metabolic degradation. This review also discusses the current approaches and formulations developed to achieve optimal pulmonary drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim M El-Sherbiny
- Zewail City of Science and Technology, Center for Materials Science, 6 October City, 12588 Giza, Egypt
| | - Nancy M El-Baz
- Zewail City of Science and Technology, Center for Materials Science, 6 October City, 12588 Giza, Egypt
| | - Magdi H Yacoub
- Harefield Heart Science Centre, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College, London, UK
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Klinger-Strobel M, Lautenschläger C, Fischer D, Mainz JG, Bruns T, Tuchscherr L, Pletz MW, Makarewicz O. Aspects of pulmonary drug delivery strategies for infections in cystic fibrosis--where do we stand? Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2015; 12:1351-74. [PMID: 25642831 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2015.1007949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common life-shortening hereditary disease among Caucasians and is associated with severe pulmonary damage because of decreased mucociliary clearance and subsequent chronic bacterial infections. Approximately 90% of CF patients die from lung destruction, promoted by pathogens such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Consequently, antibiotic treatment is a cornerstone of CF therapy, preventing chronic infection and reducing bacterial load, exacerbation rates and loss of pulmonary function. Many drugs are administered by inhalation to achieve high pulmonary concentration and to lower systemic side effects. However, pulmonary deposition of inhaled drugs is substantially limited by bronchial obstruction with viscous mucus and restrained by intrapulmonary bacterial biofilms. AREAS COVERED This review describes challenges in the therapy of CF-associated infections by inhaled antibiotics and summarizes the current state of microtechnology and nanotechnology-based pulmonary antibiotic delivery strategies. Recent and ongoing clinical trials as well as experimental approaches for microparticle/nanoparticle-based antibiotics are presented and their advantages and disadvantages are discussed. EXPERT OPINION Rapidly increasing antimicrobial resistance accompanied by the lack of novel antibiotics force targeted and more efficient use of the available drugs. Encapsulation of antimicrobials in nanoparticles or microparticles of organic polymers may have great potential for use in CF therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mareike Klinger-Strobel
- Jena University Hospital, Center for Infectious Diseases and Infection Control , Erlanger Allee 101, 07740 Jena , Germany +49 3641 9324227 ;
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Cipolla D, Shekunov B, Blanchard J, Hickey A. Lipid-based carriers for pulmonary products: preclinical development and case studies in humans. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 75:53-80. [PMID: 24819218 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A number of lipid-based technologies have been applied to pharmaceuticals to modify their drug release characteristics, and additionally, to improve the drug loading for poorly soluble drugs. These technologies, including solid-state lipid microparticles, many of which are porous in nature, liposomes, solid lipid nanoparticles and nanostructured lipid carriers, are increasingly being developed for inhalation applications. This article provides a review of the rationale for the use of these technologies in the pulmonary delivery of drugs, and summarizes the manufacturing processes and their limitations, the in vitro and in vivo performance of these systems, the safety of these lipid-based systems in the lung, and their promise for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Cipolla
- Aradigm Corporation, 3929 Point Eden Way, Hayward, CA 94545, USA.
| | - Boris Shekunov
- Shire Corporation, 725 Chesterbrook Blvd, Wayne, PA 19087, USA
| | - Jim Blanchard
- Aradigm Corporation, 3929 Point Eden Way, Hayward, CA 94545, USA
| | - Anthony Hickey
- RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Road, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
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Gaspar MC, Couet W, Olivier JC, Pais AACC, Sousa JJS. Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in cystic fibrosis lung disease and new perspectives of treatment: a review. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis 2013; 32:1231-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s10096-013-1876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Wan F, Møller EH, Yang M, Jørgensen L. Formulation technologies to overcome unfavorable properties of peptides and proteins for pulmonary delivery. DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY. TECHNOLOGIES 2012; 9:e71-e174. [PMID: 24064274 DOI: 10.1016/j.ddtec.2011.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
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Babiuch K, Gottschaldt M, Werz O, Schubert US. Particulate transepithelial drug carriers: barriers and functional polymers. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20726e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Sun Q, Shi M, Shao W, Shi Y, Xi Y, Huang G. Tissue distribution and pulmonary targeting studies of cefpiramide sodium-loaded liposomes. J Drug Target 2010; 19:49-55. [DOI: 10.3109/10611861003667607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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12
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Zhang Y, Zhu J, Tang Y, Chen X, Yang Y. The preparation and application of pulmonary surfactant nanoparticles as absorption enhancers in insulin dry powder delivery. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2009; 35:1059-65. [DOI: 10.1080/03639040902769628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Videira MA, Gano L, Santos C, Neves M, Almeida AJ. Lymphatic uptake of lipid nanoparticles following endotracheal administration. J Microencapsul 2008; 23:855-62. [PMID: 17390627 DOI: 10.1080/02652040600788221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
A previous publication reported the uptake into the lymphatics of pulmonary administered lipid nanoparticles (LN), after aerosolization and inhalation. In the present study LN clearance from the lungs and lymphatic uptake were further evaluated after endotracheal administration. Nanoparticles prepared with gliceryl behenate were radiolabelled by association to the lipophilic tracer D,L-hexamethylpropylene amine oxime (HMPAO) coupled with 99mTc. Labelling efficiency was 97% and stability in body fluids was demonstrated in vitro. Wistar rats were treated by endotracheal administration and lymphatic uptake was determined upon organ sampling. Endotracheally delivered LN are rapidly eliminated from rat lungs and accumulation in para-aortic, axillary and inguinal lymph nodes starts almost immediately after administration. Translocation of LN across the lung mucosa and their uptake into the lymphatics demonstrate their usefulness as potential drug carriers for lung cancer therapy, as well as for immunization purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Videira
- Unidade de Ciências e Tecnologia Farmaceûticas, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
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Yue T, Jia-bi Z. Recombinant human interleukin-2 inhalation powders: Preparation and distribution in the alveolus. Int J Pharm 2008; 360:225-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2007] [Revised: 04/02/2008] [Accepted: 04/03/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xie Y, Zeng P, Wiedmann TS. Disease guided optimization of the respiratory delivery of microparticulate formulations. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2008; 5:269-89. [PMID: 18318650 DOI: 10.1517/17425247.5.3.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Inhalation of microparticulate dosage forms can be effectively used in the treatment of respiratory and systemic diseases. OBJECTIVE Disease states investigated for treatment by inhalation of microparticles were reviewed along with the drugs' pharmacological, pharmacokinetic and physical chemical properties to identify the advantages of microparticulate inhalation formulations and to identify areas for further improvement. METHODS Microbial infections of the lung, asthma, diabetes, lung transplantation and lung cancer were examined, with a focus on those systems intended to provide a sustained release. CONCLUSION In developing microparticulate formulations for inhalation in the lung, there is a need to understand the pharmacology of the drug as the key to revealing the optimal concentration time profile, the disease state, and the pharmacokinetic properties of the pure drug as determined by IV administration and inhalation. Finally, in vitro release studies will allow better identification of the best dosing strategy to be used in efficacy and safety studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Xie
- University of Minnesota, Department of Pharmaceutics, 308 Harvard St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Jaspart S, Bertholet P, Piel G, Dogné JM, Delattre L, Evrard B. Solid lipid microparticles as a sustained release system for pulmonary drug delivery. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2007; 65:47-56. [PMID: 16962749 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2006.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2006] [Revised: 07/03/2006] [Accepted: 07/12/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The controlled release of drugs for pulmonary delivery is a research field which has been so far rather unexploited but is currently becoming increasingly attractive. The introduction part of this research article first details the potential advantages of solid lipid microparticles (SLMs) as drug carrier compared to liposomes and polymeric microspheres. The aim of this work is to use SLMs to impart a sustained release profile to a model drug, salbutamol acetonide (SA). SA was synthesized from salbutamol in order to increase the lipophilicity of this molecule and thereby to increase its incorporation efficiency into SLMs. SA-loaded SLMs were then produced by a hot emulsion technique followed by high-shear homogenisation and the manufacturing parameters were optimized using the experimental design methodology in order to reach a suitable particle size for pulmonary administration. Scanning electron micrographs showed that SLMs are spherical, have a smooth surface and that SA crystallizes outside of the particles when the drug loading is higher than 20%. This was confirmed by X-ray diffraction. SA in vitro release study from SLMs showed that the release rate increased with SA loading but remained in every case lower than the dissolution rate of pure SA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Jaspart
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, University of Liège, Belgium.
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Huang YY, Wang CH. Pulmonary delivery of insulin by liposomal carriers. J Control Release 2006; 113:9-14. [PMID: 16730838 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2005] [Revised: 03/08/2006] [Accepted: 03/10/2006] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Growing attention has been given to the potential of a pulmonary route as a non-invasive administration for systemic delivery of therapeutic agents (mainly peptides and proteins). The lungs provide a large absorptive surface area, extremely thin absorptive mucosal membrane, and good blood supply. The non-invasive nature of this pathway makes it especially valuable for the delivery of large molecular protein. However, pulmonary delivery of peptides and proteins is complicated by the complexity of the anatomic structure of the human respiratory system and the effect of disposition exerted by the respiration process. In this study, novel nebulizer-compatible liposomal carrier for aerosol pulmonary drug delivery of insulin was developed and characterized. Experimental results showed that insulin could be efficiently encapsulated into liposomes by preformed vesicles and detergent dialyzing method. The optimal encapsulation efficiency was achieved when 40% ethanol was used. The particle size of liposomal aerosols from ultrasonic nebulizer approximated to 1 mum. Insulin was stable in the liposomal solution. Animal studies showed that plasma glucose level was effectively reduced when liposomal insulin was delivered by inhalation route of using aerosolized insulin-encapsulated liposomes. Including fluorescent probe (phosphatidylethanolamine-rhodamine) into liposome, we found that the liposomal carriers were effectively and homogeneously distributed in the lung aveolar. Liposome-mediated pulmonary drug delivery promotes an increase in drug retention-time in the lungs, and more importantly, a reduction in extrapulmonary side-effects which invariably results in enhanced therapeutic efficacies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-You Huang
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Rossi C, Fardella G, Chiappini I, Perioli L, Vescovi C, Ricci M, Giovagnoli S, Scuota S. UV spectroscopy and reverse-phase HPLC as novel methods to determine Capreomycin of liposomal fomulations. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2004; 36:249-55. [PMID: 15496317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2004.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2004] [Revised: 06/21/2004] [Accepted: 06/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Capreomycin (CS) is an antitubercular drug active against several Mycobacterium strains, in particular, against M. Avium. In spite of its activity, it is considered a second line drug because it can induce severe renal and hepatic damages when administered as free drug. However, it is possible to employ drug delivery systems, such as liposomes, to reduce the toxicity of the peptide without loss of its biological activity. For this purpose, appropriately validated time and money saving analytical methods are needed for a careful capreomycin dosage. In the present paper, UV spectroscopy and a reverse-phase HPLC (RP-HPLC) were investigated as alternative methods for capreomycin quantitative analysis. These techniques were validated against the USP XXVI microbiological turbidimetric assay and the normal-phase HPLC (NP-HPLC) method reported in the British Pharmacopoeia 2003. The results obtained showed that either UV spectrophotometry or RP-HPLC are techniques having higher accuracy and reproducibility with respect to the microbiological assay. Moreover, the RP-HPLC method provided improved performances if compared to NP-HPLC. In fact, RP-HPLC showed: (i) enhanced sensitivity and (ii) increased resolution. Thus we propose RP-HPLC and UV as valid alternative methods to the conventional procedures for capreomycin quantitative analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Rossi
- Department of Chimica e Tecnologia del Farmaco, Via del Liceo 1, Università degli Studi di Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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