1
|
Brigitha LJ, Mondelaers V, Liu Y, Albertsen BK, Zalewska-Szewczyk B, Rizzari C, Kotecha RS, Pieters R, Huitema ADR, van der Sluis IM. Pharmacokinetics of PEGasparaginase in Infants with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Pharm Res 2024; 41:711-720. [PMID: 38538970 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND PEGasparaginase is known to be a critical drug for treating pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), however, there is insufficient evidence to determine the optimal dose for infants who are less than one year of age at diagnosis. This international study was conducted to identify the pharmacokinetics of PEGasparaginase in infants with newly diagnosed ALL and gather insight into the clearance and dosing of this population. METHODS Infants with ALL who received treatment with PEGasparaginase were included in our population pharmacokinetic assessment employing non-linear mixed effects modelling (NONMEM). RESULTS 68 infants with ALL, with a total of 388 asparaginase activity samples, were included. PEGasparaginase doses ranging from 400 to 3,663 IU/m2 were administered either intravenously or intramuscularly. A one-compartment model with time-dependent clearance, modeled using a transit model, provided the best fit to the data. Body weight was significantly correlated with clearance and volume of distribution. The final model estimated a half-life of 11.7 days just after administration, which decreased to 1.8 days 14 days after administration. Clearance was 19.5% lower during the post-induction treatment phase compared to induction. CONCLUSION The pharmacokinetics of PEGasparaginase in infants diagnosed under one year of age with ALL is comparable to that of older children (1-18 years). We recommend a PEGasparaginase dosing at 1,500 IU/m2 for infants without dose adaptations according to age, and implementing therapeutic drug monitoring as standard practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Leiah J Brigitha
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Veerle Mondelaers
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, the University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA
| | - Birgitte K Albertsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Palle Juul-Jensens Blvd. 99, 8200, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Beata Zalewska-Szewczyk
- Department of Pediatrics, Medical University of Lodz, Oncology & Hematology, 91-738, Lodz, Poland
| | - Carmelo Rizzari
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Dell'Ateneo Nuovo, 1, Milano, Italy
- Fondazione IRCCS San Gerardo Dei Tintori, Via G.B. Pergolesi 33, Monza, Italy
| | - Rishi S Kotecha
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Oncology, Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Perth Children's Hospital, Perth, Australia
- Leukaemia Translational Research Laboratory, Telethon Kids Cancer Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, Australia
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Alwin D R Huitema
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Department of Pharmacy & Pharmacology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M van der Sluis
- Princess Máxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Heidelberglaan 25, 3584 CS, Utrecht, Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kloos RQ, Mathôt R, Pieters R, van der Sluis IM. Individualized dosing guidelines for PEGasparaginase and factors influencing the clearance: a population pharmacokinetic model. Haematologica 2021; 106:1254-1261. [PMID: 32327497 PMCID: PMC8094082 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.242289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Considerable inter- and intra-patient variability exist in serum activity levels of PEGasparaginase, essential for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment. A population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model was developed, identifying patient characteristics explaining these variabilities. Patients (n=92) were treated according to the DCOG ALL-11 protocol, using therapeutic drug monitoring to individualize the PEGasparaginase doses. Non-linear mixed effects modeling (NONMEM) was used to analyze the popPK evaluating several covariates. The final model was validated using an independent database (n=28). Guidelines for starting doses and dose adjustments were developed. A one-compartment model with time-dependent clearance adequately described the popPK. Normalization of clearance and volume of distribution by body surface are (BSA) reduced inter-individual variability. Clearance was 0.084 L/day/m2 for 12.7 days, increasing with 0.082 L/day/m2/day thereafter. Clearance was 38% higher during an infection, and 11-19% higher during induction treatment than intensification and maintenance (p<0.001). Targeting an asparaginase activity level of 100 IU/L, a loading dose of 800 IU/m2 (induction) and 600 IU/m2 (intensification) is advised. In conclusion, variability of PEGasparaginase activity levels can be explained by BSA, treatment phase and the occurrence of an infection. With this popPK model, PEGasparaginase treatment can be individualized further, taking into account these covariates and the dosing guidelines provided.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robin Q.H. Kloos
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Sophia Children’s Hospital – Erasmus MC, Rotterdam
| | - Ron Mathôt
- Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam
| | - Rob Pieters
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Inge M. van der Sluis
- Department of Pediatric Oncology and Hematology, Sophia Children’s Hospital – Erasmus MC, Rotterdam
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Diancourt F, Braud C, Vert M. Chemical Modifications of Heparin. II. Hydrophobization of Partially N-Desulfated Heparin. J BIOACT COMPAT POL 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/088391159601100303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In order to hydrophobize heparin, dodecanal, cholic acid and stearic acid were conjugated, respectively, to partially N-desulfated heparin with the formation of imine bonds in the case of dodecanal and amide bonds in the case of the two latter compounds. It was found that the three conjugates were aggregated in aqueous solution with the formation of-300 nm aggregates. The conjugates retained the anticoagulant activity of the parent heparin according to in vitro tests. In vivo, slightly prolonged activity was observed after s.c. injection. The activity lasted for at least 2 hours after i.v. injection suggesting that aggregates of hydrophobized heparin were not captured by the reticuloendothelial system. These new water dispersed aggregates are of potential interest for the transport and slow release of hydrophobic drugs in blood either as macromolecular prodrugs or after molecular microencapsulation, and for oral administration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Michel Vert
- C.R.B.A.-URA CNRS 1465, Faculte de Pharmacie, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, 34060 Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lautenschläger C, Schmidt C, Fischer D, Stallmach A. Drug delivery strategies in the therapy of inflammatory bowel disease. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 71:58-76. [PMID: 24157534 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a frequently occurring disease in young people, which is characterized by a chronic inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The therapy of IBD is dominated by the administration of anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs, which suppress the intestinal inflammatory burden and improve the disease-related symptoms. Established treatment strategies are characterized by a limited therapeutical efficacy and the occurrence of adverse drug reactions. Thus, the development of novel disease-targeted drug delivery strategies is intended for a more effective therapy and demonstrates the potential to address unmet medical needs. This review gives an overview about the established as well as future-oriented drug targeting strategies, including intestine targeting by conventional drug delivery systems (DDS), disease targeted drug delivery by synthetic DDS and disease targeted drug delivery by biological DDS. Furthermore, this review analyses the targeting mechanisms of the respective DDS and discusses the possible field of utilization in IBD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Lautenschläger
- Clinic of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740 Jena, Germany.
| | - Carsten Schmidt
- Clinic of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740 Jena, Germany.
| | - Dagmar Fischer
- Institute of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena, Otto-Schott-Strasse 41, 07745 Jena, Germany.
| | - Andreas Stallmach
- Clinic of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital Jena, Erlanger Allee 101, 07740 Jena, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Harashima H, Kume Y, Yamane C, Kiwada H. Non-Michaelis–Menten Type Hepatic Uptake of Liposomes in the Rat. J Pharm Pharmacol 2011; 44:707-12. [PMID: 1360519 DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-7158.1992.tb05504.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The objective of this study was to verify the methodology for measuring uptake clearance of liposomes and to characterize kinetically the saturable hepatic uptake of liposomes through phagocytosis. The correction of vascular space was important in the evaluationof hepatic uptake. The efflux of liposomes from liver was shown to be negligible, by a repeated dose study, and thus, hepatic clearance can be obtained by the hepatic uptake divided by the area under the blood concentration-time curve (AUC). The determinant parameter which describes the saturability of uptake clearance of liposomes, independent of infusion rate, was investigated, using the data of an in-vivo constant infusion study, where infusion rate-dependent saturable hepatic clearance was observed. The mean blood concentration failed to obtain an infusion rate-independent function. On the other hand, the AUC could explain the saturability of hepatic clearance for every infusion rate by a unique relationship. The hepatic uptake amount could also explain this saturability, independent of infusion rate. These kinetic characteristics are inconsistent with Michaelis–Menten type kinetics, therefore a new model is required to describe the saturable hepatic clearance in the disposition of liposomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Verrecchia T, Spenlehauer G, Bazile D, Murry-Brelier A, Archimbaud Y, Veillard M. Non-stealth (poly(lactic acid/albumin)) and stealth (poly(lactic acid-polyethylene glycol)) nanoparticles as injectable drug carriers. J Control Release 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-3659(95)00053-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
7
|
Bazile D, Prud'homme C, Bassoullet MT, Marlard M, Spenlehauer G, Veillard M. Stealth Me.PEG-PLA nanoparticles avoid uptake by the mononuclear phagocytes system. J Pharm Sci 1995; 84:493-8. [PMID: 7629743 DOI: 10.1002/jps.2600840420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 447] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles were prepared from methoxy poly(ethylene glycol)poly(d,l-lactic acid) block copolymers (Me.PEG-PLA) or blends of Me.PEG-PLA and PLA by the precipitation-solvent diffusion method. These nanoparticles, labeled by introducing [14C]PLA in the formulation, were shown to be more slowly captured by cultured THP-1 monocytes than F68-coated PLA nanoparticles, in a PEG chain-length-dependent manner. In vivo, the half-life in plasma of the Me.PEG-PLA nanoparticles that were intravenously administered to rats is increased by a factor 180 compared with the F68-coated PLA nanoparticles. This mononuclear phagocytes system avoidance was explained according to a conformation model in which the PEG density at the surface of the particles is a key parameter.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Bazile
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, Institut de Biopharmacie, Antony, France
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
|
9
|
Harashima H, Yamane C, Kume Y, Kiwada H. Kinetic analysis of AUC-dependent saturable clearance of liposomes: mathematical description of AUC dependency. JOURNAL OF PHARMACOKINETICS AND BIOPHARMACEUTICS 1993; 21:299-308. [PMID: 8258769 DOI: 10.1007/bf01059781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the AUC dependency of saturable hepatic clearance (CLh) of liposomes and to postulate a mathematical model to describe the characteristics. The AUC dependency of saturable CLh was examined under intravenous rapid administration at various doses. The CLh increased with increasing blood concentration but decreased with the increase of AUC at each dose. In addition, the relationship between AUC and CLh was consistent with that observed in previously reported infusion studies. These experimental data confirm the AUC dependency of saturable CLh of liposomes. A mathematical model was developed for this AUC dependency. The decrease of CLh was described by the uptake amount (X) as follows: CLh = CLm(1-X/Xm), where CLm and Xm represent the maximum uptake clearance and the maximum uptake amount, respectively. The rate equation for uptake was analytically solved as CLh = X/AUC = Xm/AUC(1-exp(CLm/XmAUC)). Uptake clearance can be described by CLm, Xm, and AUC, and so uptake clearance is constant if AUC is constant. These experimental analyses and theoretical considerations show the validity of the AUC-dependent saturable CLh of liposomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokushima, Japan
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Juliano RL, Akhtar S. Liposomes as a drug delivery system for antisense oligonucleotides. ANTISENSE RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT 1992; 2:165-76. [PMID: 1392538 DOI: 10.1089/ard.1992.2.165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Antisense oligonucleotides seem to provide a promising new tool for the therapy of viral diseases and of cancer. However, before the therapeutic potential of antisense compounds can be fulfilled, it will be necessary to overcome significant problems relating to their inefficient uptake by cells and their rapid loss from the body. Phospholipid vesicles (liposomes) have been widely used as a drug delivery system for standard anticancer and anti-infectious drugs. In this article we examine the potential role of liposomes as a drug delivery system for antisense oligonucleotides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R L Juliano
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bazile DV, Ropert C, Huve P, Verrecchia T, Marlard M, Frydman A, Veillard M, Spenlehauer G. Body distribution of fully biodegradable [14C]-poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles coated with albumin after parenteral administration to rats. Biomaterials 1992; 13:1093-102. [PMID: 1493193 DOI: 10.1016/0142-9612(92)90142-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Fully biodegradable polylactic acid (PLA) nanoparticles (90-250 nm) coated with human serum albumin (HSA) were prepared by high-pressure emulsification and solvent evaporation, using the protein as surfactant. A new analytical tool was developed, based on Mie's law and size exclusion chromatography, to establish that, after evaporation of the solvent, the protein saturates the surface of the nanoparticles, masking the PLA core. According to this technique, no HSA is encapsulated in the polymer matrix. A radiolabelled [14C]-PLA50 was synthesized to follow the fate of this new drug carrier after i.v. administration to rats. The time necessary to clear the albumin-coated nanoparticles from the plasma was significantly longer than for the uncoated ones but not extended enough to target cells other than mononuclear phagocytes. As deduced from whole-body autoradiography and quantitative distribution experiments, the 14C-labelled polymer is rapidly captured by liver, bone marrow, lymph nodes, spleen and peritoneal macrophages. Nanoparticle degradation was addressed following 14C excretion. The elimination of the 14C was quick on the first day (30% of the administered dose) but then slowed down. In fact, if the metabolism of the PLA proceeds to lactic acid which is rapidly converted into CO2 via the Krebs cycle (80% of the total excretion was fulfilled by the lungs), anabolism from the lactic acid may also have taken place leading to long-lasting radioactive remnants, by incorporation of 14C into endogenous compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D V Bazile
- Department of Pharmacotechny, Institut de Biopharmacie, Antony, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Juliano R. Factors affecting the clearance kinetics and tissue distribution of liposomes, microspheres and emulsions. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/0169-409x(88)90004-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|