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das Neves J, Notario-Pérez F, Sarmento B. Women-specific routes of administration for drugs: A critical overview. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 176:113865. [PMID: 34280514 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The woman's body presents a number of unique anatomical features that can constitute valuable routes for the administration of drugs, either for local or systemic action. These are associated with genitalia (vaginal, endocervical, intrauterine, intrafallopian and intraovarian routes), changes occurring during pregnancy (extra-amniotic, intra-amniotic and intraplacental routes) and the female breast (breast intraductal route). While the vaginal administration of drug products is common, other routes have limited clinical application and are fairly unknown even for scientists involved in drug delivery science. Understanding the possibilities and limitations of women-specific routes is of key importance for the development of new preventative, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that will ultimately contribute to the advancement of women's health. This article provides an overview on women-specific routes for the administration of drugs, focusing on aspects such as biological features pertaining to drug delivery, relevance in current clinical practice, available drug dosage forms/delivery systems and administration techniques, as well as recent trends in the field.
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Serrano-Mora LE, Zambrano-Zaragoza ML, Mendoza-Muñoz N, Leyva-Gómez G, Urbán-Morlán Z, Quintanar-Guerrero D. Preparation of Co-Processed Excipients for Controlled-Release of Drugs Assembled with Solid Lipid Nanoparticles and Direct Compression Materials. Molecules 2021; 26:2093. [PMID: 33917445 PMCID: PMC8038754 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26072093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study was to develop a novel, directly compressible, co-processed excipient capable of providing a controlled-release drug system for the pharmaceutical industry. A co-processed powder was formed by adsorption of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) as a controlled-release film onto a functional excipient, in this case, dicalcium phosphate dihydrate (DPD), for direct compression (Di-Tab®). The co-processed excipient has advantages: easy to implement; solvent-free; industrial scaling-up; good rheological and compressibility properties; and the capability to form an inert platform. Six different batches of Di-Tab®:SLN weight ratios were prepared (4:0.6, 3:0.6, 2:0.6, 1:0.6, 0.5:0.6, and 0.25:0.6). BCS class III ranitidine hydrochloride was selected as a drug model to evaluate the mixture's controlled-release capabilities. The co-processed excipients were characterized in terms of powder rheology and dissolution rate. The best Di-Tab®:SLN ratio proved to be 2:0.6, as it showed high functionality with good flow and compressibility properties (Carr Index = 16 ± 1, Hausner Index = 1.19 ± 0.04). This ratio could control release for up to 8 h, so it fits the ideal profile calculated based on biopharmaceutical data. The compressed systems obtained using this powder mixture behave as a matrix platform in which Fickian diffusion governs the release. The Higuchi model can explain their behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Eduardo Serrano-Mora
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES-Cuautitlán, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54745, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - María L. Zambrano-Zaragoza
- Laboratorio de Procesos de Transformación y Tecnologías Emergentes de Alimentos, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES-Cuautitlán, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54714, Estado de México, Mexico;
| | - Néstor Mendoza-Muñoz
- Laboratorio de Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Colima, Colima 28400, Mexico;
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior S/N, Del. Coyoacán, Ciudad de México 04510, Mexico;
| | - Zaida Urbán-Morlán
- Laboratorio de Cromatografía, Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán, Mérida 97069, Yucatán, Mexico;
| | - David Quintanar-Guerrero
- Laboratorio de Investigación y Posgrado en Tecnología Farmacéutica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, FES-Cuautitlán, Cuautitlán Izcalli 54745, Estado de México, Mexico;
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Bas S, Maquivar MG, Coutinho da Silva MA, Day ML, Daglio MC, Harguindeguy S, Titler M, Schuenemann GM. Effect of intrauterine administration of gonadotropin releasing hormone with glycerol on serum LH concentrations in lactating dairy cows. Anim Reprod Sci 2014; 145:15-22. [PMID: 24461792 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2013.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2013] [Revised: 12/09/2013] [Accepted: 12/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of the study were to assess: (1) preovulatory serum LH concentrations and (2) synchrony of ovulation after im or iu administration of GnRH with or without the addition of glycerol. Cows were presynchronized with 2 injections of PGF2α given 14d apart (starting at 26±3DIM) followed by Ovsynch (OV; GnRH-7d-PGF2α-48h-GnRH) 12d later. At the time of the second GnRH of OV (GnRH2), cows were blocked by parity and randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatments: (1) control (CON; n=8) received 2mL of sterile water im; (2) im (IM; n=8) received 100μg of GnRH im; (3) cows were infused with 200μg GnRH into the uterus (IU; n=9); and (4) iu administration of 200μg GnRH plus glycerol 7% v/v (IUG; n=8). Serum circulating progesterone concentrations at hour 0 did not differ (P>0.05) among groups. Concentrations of LH were greater (P<0.05) in IM than IU, IUG, and CON cows at hours 1, 1.5, 2, and 3. All cows ovulated within 48h in the IM (8/8) group followed by IU (6/9) and IUG (4/8) groups, and only two out of eight cows ovulated in the CON group. Although iu administration of GnRH in the IU and IUG groups resulted in lower serum concentrations of LH than IM cows, IU or IUG cows were able to ovulate within 48h after GnRH2 administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Bas
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M G Maquivar
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M A Coutinho da Silva
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M L Day
- Department of Animal Sciences, College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M C Daglio
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - S Harguindeguy
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - M Titler
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - G M Schuenemann
- Department of Veterinary Preventive Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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Abstract
Gellan gum is an anionic polysaccharide produced by the aerobic fermentation of Pseudomonas elodea in batch culture. Gellan undergoes calcium-induced cross-linking to form a three-dimensional network, and this property makes it particularly attractive for the incorporation of biological moieties such as proteins. In this study, a procedure for the preparation of gellan films was developed and optimized, and the characteristics of these films were investigated. In addition, the effects of the concentration of each ingredient in gellan films and in vitro release behavior of fluorescein isothiocyanate dextran from these films was examined. This film device was implanted for insulin delivery in diabetic rats. The blood glucose levels of the diabetic rats implanted with insulin-loaded films were about half of those implanted with blank films, and this therapeutic effect of insulin could last for one week. Both in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that the gellan film could be an ideal candidate in the development of protein delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings 57007, USA
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Abstract
The commercial availability of peptides and proteins and their advantages as therapeutic agents have been the basis for tremendous efforts in designing delivery systems for such agents. The protection of these agents from biological fluids and physiological interactions is crucial for the treatment efficacy. One such agent is salmon calcitonin, a 32 amino-acid polypeptide hormone used in the treatment of bone diseases such as Paget's disease, hypercalcemia and osteoporosis. Researchers have studied different routes to deliver salmon calcitonin more effectively, including nasal, oral, vaginal and rectal delivery. These systems are designed to protect the polypeptide from the biological barriers that each delivery route imposes. Oil-based and polymer-based delivery systems are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Torres-Lugo
- Biomaterials and Drug Delivery Laboratories, School of Chemical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47906-1283, USA
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Huffman A, Shaked I, Avramoff A, Golomb G. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of trans-endometrial administered peptides and macromolecules. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1995. [DOI: 10.1016/0169-409x(95)00087-n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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