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Lafzi A, Esmaeil Nejad A, Rezai Rad M, Namdari M, Sabetmoghaddam T. In vitro release of silver ions and expression of osteogenic genes by MC3T3-E1 cell line cultured on nano-hydroxyapatite and silver/strontium-coated titanium plates. Odontology 2023; 111:33-40. [PMID: 36173497 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-022-00747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Attempts are ongoing to improve the surface properties of dental implants by application of different coatings, aiming to enhance osseointegration, and decrease the adverse effects of titanium and its alloys used in dental implants. Coating of implant surface with hydroxyapatite (HA) is one suggested strategy for this purpose due to its high biocompatibility and similar structure to the adjacent bone. This study aimed to quantify the release of silver ions and expression of osteogenic genes by MC3T3-E1 cells cultured on nano-HA and silver/strontium (Ag/Sr)-coated titanium plates via the electrochemical deposition method. Plates measuring 10 × 10 × 0.9 mm were fabricated from Ti-6Al-4 V alloy, and polished with silicon carbide abrasive papers before electrochemical deposition to create a smooth, mirror-like surface. After applying homogenous nano-HA coatings with/without silver/strontium on the surface of the plates, the composition of coatings was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), and their morphological properties were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The coated specimens were then immersed in simulated body fluid (SBF), and the concentration of released sliver ions was quantified by spectroscopy at 7-14 days. The MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cell line was cultured in osteogenic medium for 7-14 days, and after RNA extraction and cDNA synthesis, the expression of runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OPN); osteogenic genes was quantified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using SYBR Green Master Mix kit. The expression of genes and the released amount of silver ions were compared between the two groups using the Mann-Whitney U test. The two groups were not significantly different regarding silver ion release at 14 days (P > 0.05). However, silver ion release was significantly higher from nano-HA coatings with silver/strontium at 7 days (P = 0.03). The difference in expression of RUNX2 (P = 0.04), OPN (P = 0.04), and OCN (P = 0.03) genes was also significant between nano-HA coating groups with and without silver/strontium at 7 days, and the expressions were higher in nano-HA with silver/strontium group, but this difference was not significant at 14 days. Addition of silver and strontium to specimens coated with nano-HA increased the release of silver ions within the non-toxic range, and enhanced the expression of osteogenic genes particularly after 7 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ardeshir Lafzi
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Esmaeil Nejad
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Rezai Rad
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahshid Namdari
- Community Oral Health Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Tohid Sabetmoghaddam
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Green Reduction of Graphene Oxide Involving Extracts of Plants from Different Taxonomy Groups. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6020058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Graphene, a remarkable material, is ideal for numerous applications due to its thin and lightweight design. The synthesis of high-quality graphene in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner continues to be a significant challenge. Chemical reduction is considered the most advantageous method for preparing reduced graphene oxide (rGO). However, this process necessitates the use of toxic and harmful substances, which can have a detrimental effect on the environment and human health. Thus, to accomplish the objective, the green synthesis principle has prompted researchers worldwide to develop a simple method for the green reduction of graphene oxide (GO), which is readily accessible, sustainable, economical, renewable, and environmentally friendly. For example, the use of natural materials such as plants is generally considered safe. Furthermore, plants contain reducing and capping agents. The current review focuses on the discovery and application of rGO synthesis using extracts from different plant parts. The review aims to aid current and future researchers in searching for a novel plant extract that acts as a reductant in the green synthesis of rGO, as well as its potential application in a variety of industries.
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Navidi G, Allahvirdinesbat M, Al-Molki SMM, Davaran S, Panahi PN, Aghazadeh M, Akbarzadeh A, Eftekhari A, Safa KD. Design and fabrication of M-SAPO-34/chitosan scaffolds and evaluation of their effects on dental tissue engineering. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:281-295. [PMID: 34314794 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This research aimed to design innovative therapeutic bio-composites that enhance odontogenic and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp-derived mesenchymal stem cells (h-DPSCs) in-vitro regeneration. Herein, we report the fabrication of scaffolds containing chitosan, Ca-SAPO-34 monometallic and/or Fe-Ca-SAPO-34 bimetallic nanoparticles by freeze-drying technique. The scaffolds and nanoparticles were characterized using ICP-AES, FT-IR, XRD, TGA, TEM, BET, SEM, and EDS methods. The effects of SAPO-34 and nanoparticles were investigated by changes on the physicochemical properties of scaffolds including swelling ratio, density, porosity, bio-degradation, mechanical behavior, and biomineralization. Cell viability, cell adhesion and cytotoxicity of Ca-SAPO-34/CS and Fe-Ca-SAPO-34 scaffolds were investigated by MTT assay and SEM on h-DPSCs which revealed cell proliferation no toxicity on scaffolds. Cell tests demonstrated that Ca-SAPO-34/CS scaffold clearly displayed a positive effect on differentiation of hDPSCs into osteogenic/odontogenic cells and moderate effect on cell proliferation. Moreover, the incorporation of Fe2O3 to Ca-SAPO-34/CS scaffold promoted the proliferation of hDPSCs and osteogenic differentiation. Alizarin red, Alkaline phosphatase and QRT-PCR results showed that Fe-Ca-loaded SAPO-34/CS can lead to osteoblast/odontoblast differentiation in DPSCs through the up-regulation of related genes, thus indicating that Fe-Ca-SAPO-34/CS has remarkable prospects as a biomaterial for hard tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Navidi
- Organosilicon Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran
| | - Maryam Allahvirdinesbat
- Organosilicon Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran; Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-15953, Iran.
| | | | - Soodabeh Davaran
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 51666-15953, Iran; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz 51664-14766, Iran.
| | | | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Stem Cell Research Center and Oral Medicine Department of Dental Faculty, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166614711, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Akbarzadeh
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz 51664-14766, Iran
| | - Aziz Eftekhari
- Russian Institute for Advanced Study, Moscow State Pedagogical University, 1/1, Malaya Pirogovskaya Street, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Kazem Dindar Safa
- Organosilicon Research Laboratory, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran.
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Rostami F, Tamjid E, Behmanesh M. Drug-eluting PCL/graphene oxide nanocomposite scaffolds for enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2020; 115:111102. [PMID: 32600706 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2020.111102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Recently, drug-eluting nanofibrous scaffolds have attracted a great attention to enhance the cell differentiation through biomimicking the extracellular matrix (ECM) in regenerative medicine. In this study, electrospun nanocomposite polycaprolactone (PCL)-based scaffolds containing synthesized graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets and osteogenic drugs, i.e. dexamethasone and simvastatin were fabricated. The physicochemical and surface properties of the scaffolds were investigated through FTIR, wettability, pH, and drug release studies. The cell viability, differentiation, and biomineralization were studied on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) by Alamar Blue, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and Alizarin Red-S staining, respectively. Uniformly distributed GO (thickness < 1 nm) in PCL nanofibers was observed by electron microscopy. It was revealed that the addition of GO and the drugs improved the hydrophilicity, cell viability, and osteogenic differentiation, in addition to pH changes, in comparison with PCL scaffolds. Despite the notable reduction in the cell viability, significant differentiation was revealed by ALP assay on PCL/GO-Dex scaffolds. Noteworthy, a twofold increase in the osteogenic differentiation was observed in comparison with the cells cultured in osteogenic differentiation medium, while a significant biomineralization was observed. The results of this study indicate the synergistic effect of GO and dexamethasone on improving osteogenic differentiation of drug-eluting nanocomposite scaffolds in bone tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rostami
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Elnaz Tamjid
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Behmanesh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
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Kar S, Jasuja H, Katti DR, Katti KS. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Regulates Osteogenesis for Breast Cancer Bone Metastasis: Experiments in an In Vitro Nanoclay Scaffold Cancer Testbed. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2019; 6:2600-2611. [PMID: 33463270 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.9b00923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer shows a high affinity toward bone, causing bone-related complications, leading to a poor clinical prognosis. The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has been well-documented for the bone regenerative process; however, the regulation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway in breast cancer bone metastasis is poorly explored. Here, we report that the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway has a significant effect on osteogenesis during breast cancer bone metastasis. In this study, we have created a 3D in vitro breast cancer bone metastatic microenvironment using nanoclay-based scaffolds along with osteogenically differentiated human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231). The results showed upregulation in expressions of Wnt-related factors (Wnt-5a, β-catenin, AXIN2, and LRP5) in sequential cultures of MSCs with MCF-7 as compared to sequential cultures of MSCs with MDA-MB-231. Sequential cultures of MSCs with MCF-7 also showed higher β-catenin expression on the protein levels than sequential cultures of MSCs with MDA-MB-231. Stimulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling in sequential cultures of MSCs with MCF-7 by ET-1 resulted in increased bone formation, whereas inactivation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by DKK-1 displayed a significant decrease in bone formation, mimicking bone lesions in breast cancer patients. These data collectively demonstrate that Wnt/β-catenin signaling governs osteogenesis within the tumor-harboring bone microenvironment, leading to bone metastasis. The nanoclay scaffold provides a unique testbed approach for analysis of the pathways of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kar
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Haneesh Jasuja
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Center for Engineered Cancer Test Beds, Materials and Nanotechnology Program, and Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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Kar S, Molla MS, Katti DR, Katti KS. Tissue-engineered nanoclay-based 3D in vitro breast cancer model for studying breast cancer metastasis to bone. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 13:119-130. [PMID: 30466156 DOI: 10.1002/term.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BrCa) preferentially spreads to bone and colonises within the bone marrow to cause bone metastases. To improve the outcome of patients with BrCa bone metastasis, we need to understand better the mechanisms underlying bone metastasis. Researchers have relied heavily upon in vivo xenografts due to limited availability of human bone metastasis samples. A significant limitation of these is that they do not have a human bone microenvironment. To address this issue, we have developed a nanoclay-based 3D in vitro model of BrCa bone metastasis using human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human BrCa cells mimicking late stage of BrCa pathogenesis at the metastatic site. This 3D model can provide a microenvironment suitable for cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions whilst retaining the behaviour of BrCa cells with different metastasis potential (i.e., highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 and low metastatic MCF-7) as shown by the production of alkaline phosphatase and matrix metalloproteinase-9. The sequential culture of MSCs with MCF-7 exhibited 3D tumouroids formation and also occurrence of mesenchymal to epithelial transition of cancer metastasis as evidenced by gene expression and immunocytochemistry. The unique and distinct behaviour of highly metastatic MDA-MB-231 and the low metastatic MCF-7 was observed at the bone metastasis site. The changes to migratory capabilities and invasiveness in MDA-MB-231 in comparison with tumour growth with MCF-7 was observed. Together, a novel bone-mimetic 3D in vitro BrCa model has been developed that could be used to study mechanisms governing the later stage of cancer pathogenesis in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumanta Kar
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, CIE 201, NDSU, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Md Shahjahan Molla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, CIE 201, NDSU, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, CIE 201, NDSU, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
| | - Kalpana S Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, CIE 201, NDSU, Fargo, North Dakota, United States
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Kim JH, Kang HM, Yu SB, Song JM, Kim CH, Kim BJ, Park BS, Shin SH, Kim IR. Cytoprotective effect of flavonoid-induced autophagy on bisphosphonate mediated cell death in osteoblast. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:5571-5580. [PMID: 29380898 PMCID: PMC6001630 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
With rapid economic growth and further developments in medical science, the entry into the aging population is currently increasing, as is the number of patients with metabolic diseases, such as hypertension, hyperlipidemia, heart disease, and diabetes. The current treatments for metabolic bone diseases, which are also on the rise, cause negative side effects. Bisphosphonates, which are used to treat osteoporosis, inhibit the bone resorption ability of osteoclasts and during prolonged administration, cause bisphosphonate‐related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). Numerous studies have shown the potential role of natural plant products as flavonoids in the protection against osteoporosis and in the influence of bone remodeling. Autophagy occurs after the degradation of cytoplasmic components within the lysosome and serves as an essential cytoprotective response to pathologic stress caused by certain diseases. In the present study, we hypothesized that the cytoprotective effects of flavonoids might be related to those associated with autophagy, an essential cytoprotective response to the pathologic stress caused by certain diseases, in osteoblasts. We demonstrated the cytoprotective effect of flavonoid‐induced autophagy against the toxicity of zoledronate and the induction of autophagy by flavonoids to support osteogenic transcription factors, leading to osteoblast differentiation and bone formation. Further studies are necessary to clarify the connections between autophagy and osteogenesis. It would be helpful to shed light on methodological challenges through molecular biological studies and new animal models. The findings of the current study may help to delineate the potential role of flavonoids in the treatment of metabolic bone disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Han Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical center, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, South Korea
| | - Hae-Mi Kang
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Su-Bin Yu
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Jae-Min Song
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Chul-Hoon Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical center, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, South Korea
| | - Bok-Joo Kim
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical center, Dong-A University, Seo-gu, Busan, South Korea
| | - Bong-Soo Park
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea.,BK21 PLUS Project, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - Sang-Hun Shin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Pusan National University Dental Hospital, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
| | - In-Ryoung Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, School of Dentistry, Pusan National University, Busandaehak-ro, Yangsan-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, South Korea
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Gao Y, Shao W, Qian W, He J, Zhou Y, Qi K, Wang L, Cui S, Wang R. Biomineralized poly (l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)-tussah silk fibroin nanofiber fabric with hierarchical architecture as a scaffold for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017. [PMID: 29519429 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering, the fabrication of a scaffold with a hierarchical architecture, excellent mechanical properties, and good biocompatibility remains a challenge. Here, a solution of polylactic acid (PLA) and Tussah silk fibroin (TSF) was electrospun into nanofiber yarns and woven into multilayer fabrics. Then, composite scaffolds were obtained by mineralization in simulated body fluid (SBF) using the multilayer fabrics as a template. The structure and related properties of the composite scaffolds were characterized using different techniques. PLA/TSF (mass ratio, 9:1) nanofiber yarns with uniform diameters of 72±9μm were obtained by conjugated electrospinning; the presence of 10wt% TSF accelerated the nucleation and growth of hydroxyapatite on the surface of the composite scaffolds in SBF. Furthermore, the compressive mechanical properties of the PLA/TSF multilayer nanofiber fabrics were improved after mineralization; the compressive modulus and stress of the mineralized composite scaffolds were 32.8 and 3.0 times higher than that of the composite scaffolds without mineralization, respectively. Interestingly, these values were higher than those of scaffolds containing random nanofibers. Biological assay results showed that the mineralization and multilayer fabric structure of the composite nanofiber scaffolds significantly increased cell adhesion and proliferation and enhanced the mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward osteoblasts. Our results indicated that the mineralized nanofiber scaffolds with multilayer fabrics possessed excellent cytocompatibility and good osteogenic activity, making them versatile biocompatible scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfei Gao
- College of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China; College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Weili Shao
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Wang Qian
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Jianxin He
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China.
| | - Yuman Zhou
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Kun Qi
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Lidan Wang
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Shizhong Cui
- College of Textiles, Zhongyuan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450007, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China
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Wang Q, Chu Y, He J, Shao W, Zhou Y, Qi K, Wang L, Cui S. A graded graphene oxide-hydroxyapatite/silk fibroin biomimetic scaffold for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 80:232-242. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2017.05.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Weng W, Nie W, Zhou Q, Zhou X, Cao L, Ji F, Cui J, He C, Su J. Controlled release of vancomycin from 3D porous graphene-based composites for dual-purpose treatment of infected bone defects. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra26062d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A vancomycin-loaded reduced graphene oxide/nano-hydroxyapatite (RGO–nHA) 3D porous composite for eradication of bone infection and facilitation of bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizong Weng
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma
- Changhai Hospital
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Wei Nie
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Qirong Zhou
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma
- Changhai Hospital
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Xiaojun Zhou
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Liehu Cao
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma
- Changhai Hospital
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Fang Ji
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma
- Changhai Hospital
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Jin Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma
- Changhai Hospital
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
| | - Chuanglong He
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials
- Donghua University
- Shanghai 201620
| | - Jiacan Su
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma
- Changhai Hospital
- Second Military Medical University
- Shanghai 200433
- China
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Shao W, He J, Wang Q, Cui S, Ding B. Biomineralized Poly(l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)/Graphene Oxide/Tussah Silk Fibroin Nanofiber Scaffolds with Multiple Orthogonal Layers Enhance Osteoblastic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2016; 3:1370-1380. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Weili Shao
- Henan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 450007 Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Jianxin He
- Henan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 450007 Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Qian Wang
- Henan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 450007 Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Shizhong Cui
- Henan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 450007 Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
| | - Bin Ding
- Henan
Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Materials, Zhongyuan University of Technology, 450007 Zhengzhou, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Textile and Garment Industry, Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450007, China
- Nanomaterials
Research Center, Modern Textile Institute, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
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12
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Shao W, He J, Sang F, Wang Q, Chen L, Cui S, Ding B. Enhanced bone formation in electrospun poly(l-lactic-co-glycolic acid)–tussah silk fibroin ultrafine nanofiber scaffolds incorporated with graphene oxide. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 62:823-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.01.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Katti KS, Molla MS, Karandish F, Haldar MK, Mallik S, Katti DR. Sequential culture on biomimetic nanoclay scaffolds forms three-dimensional tumoroids. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:1591-602. [PMID: 26873510 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, the limitation of two-dimensional cultures and complexity of in vivo models has paved the way for the development of three-dimensional models for studying cancer. Here we report the development of a new tumor model using PCL/HAPClay scaffolds seeded with a sequential culture of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) followed by human prostate cancer cells (HPCCs). This nanocomposite system is used as a test-bed for studying cancer metastasis and efficacy of anti-cancer drugs using a polymersome delivery method. A novel sequential cell culture system in three-dimensional in vitro bone model provides a unique bone mimetic environment. The hMSCs seeded scaffolds are seeded with prostate cancer cells after the hMSCs have differentiated into osteoblasts. Sequential culture on the scaffolds has shown formation of tumoroids or microtissue consisting of organized, densely packed round cells with hypoxic core regions similar to in vivo tumors. Such tumoroids are not observed on HPCC seeded scaffolds or when HPCCs sequentially cultured with human osteoblast cells. Clearly, the newly differentiated hMSCs play a vital role in the ability of cancer cells to grow into tumoroids and cause disease. The PCL/HAPclay scaffold system seeded with the sequential culture of hMSCs, and HPCCs presents a good model system for study of the interactions between prostate cancer cells and bone microenvironment. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 1591-1602, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpana S Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105
| | - Md Shahjahan Molla
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105
| | - Fataneh Karandish
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105
| | - Manas K Haldar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105
| | - Sanku Mallik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105
| | - Dinesh R Katti
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota, 58105
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Shao W, He J, Sang F, Ding B, Chen L, Cui S, Li K, Han Q, Tan W. Coaxial electrospun aligned tussah silk fibroin nanostructured fiber scaffolds embedded with hydroxyapatite–tussah silk fibroin nanoparticles for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2016; 58:342-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.08.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2015] [Revised: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Gurunathan S, Han JW, Kim ES, Park JH, Kim JH. Reduction of graphene oxide by resveratrol: a novel and simple biological method for the synthesis of an effective anticancer nanotherapeutic molecule. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:2951-69. [PMID: 25931821 PMCID: PMC4404963 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s79879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Graphene represents a monolayer or a few layers of sp2-bonded carbon atoms with a honeycomb lattice structure. Unique physical, chemical, and biological properties of graphene have attracted great interest in various fields including electronics, energy, material industry, and medicine, where it is used for tissue engineering and scaffolding, drug delivery, and as an antibacterial and anticancer agent. However, graphene cytotoxicity for ovarian cancer cells is still not fully investigated. The objective of this study was to synthesize graphene using a natural polyphenol compound resveratrol and to investigate its toxicity for ovarian cancer cells. METHODS The successful reduction of graphene oxide (GO) to graphene was confirmed by UV-vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Dynamic light scattering and scanning electron microscopy were employed to evaluate particle size and surface morphology of GO and resveratrol-reduced GO (RES-rGO). Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the removal of oxygen-containing functional groups from GO surface and to ensure the formation of graphene. We also performed a comprehensive analysis of GO and RES-rGO cytotoxicity by examining the morphology, viability, membrane integrity, activation of caspase-3, apoptosis, and alkaline phosphatase activity of ovarian cancer cells. RESULTS The results also show that resveratrol effectively reduced GO to graphene and the properties of RES-rGO nanosheets were comparable to those of chemically reduced graphene. Biological experiments showed that GO and RES-rGO caused a dose-dependent membrane leakage and oxidative stress in cancer cells, and reduced their viability via apoptosis confirmed by the upregulation of apoptosis executioner caspase-3. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a single, simple green approach for the synthesis of highly water-dispersible functionalized graphene nanosheets, suggesting a possibility of replacing toxic hydrazine by a natural and safe phenolic compound resveratrol, which has similar efficacy in the reduction of GO to rGO. Resveratrol-based GO reduction would facilitate large-scale production of graphene-based materials for the emerging graphene-based technologies and biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae Woong Han
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Su Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Niska K, Pyszka K, Tukaj C, Wozniak M, Radomski MW, Inkielewicz-Stepniak I. Titanium dioxide nanoparticles enhance production of superoxide anion and alter the antioxidant system in human osteoblast cells. Int J Nanomedicine 2015; 10:1095-107. [PMID: 25709434 PMCID: PMC4327568 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s73557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (NPs) are manufactured worldwide for a variety of engineering and bioengineering applications. TiO2NPs are frequently used as a material for orthopedic implants. However, to the best of our knowledge, the biocompatibility of TiO2NPs and their effects on osteoblast cells, which are responsible for the growth and remodeling of the human skeleton, have not been thoroughly investigated. In the research reported here, we studied the effects of exposing hFOB 1.19 human osteoblast cells to TiO2NPs (5–15 nm) for 24 and 48 hours. Cell viability, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, cellular uptake of NPs, cell morphology, superoxide anion (O2•−2) generation, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and protein level, sirtuin 3 (SIR3) protein level, correlation between manganese (Mn) SOD and SIR, total antioxidant capacity, and malondialdehyde were measured following exposure of hFOB 1.19 cells to TiO2NPs. Exposure of hFOB 1.19 cells to TiO2NPs resulted in: (1) cellular uptake of NPs; (2) increased cytotoxicity and cell death in a time- and concentration-dependent manner; (3) ultrastructure changes; (4) decreased SOD and ALP activity; (5) decreased protein levels of SOD1, SOD2, and SIR3; (6) decreased total antioxidant capacity; (7) increased O2•− generation; and (8) enhanced lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde level). The linear relationship between the protein level of MnSOD and SIR3 and between O2•− content and SIR3 protein level was observed. Importantly, the cytotoxic effects of TiO2NPs were attenuated by the pretreatment of hFOB 1.19 cells with SOD, indicating the significant role of O2•− in the cell damage and death observed. Thus, decreased expression of SOD leading to increased oxidizing stress may underlie the nanotoxic effects of TiO2NPs on human osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Niska
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pyszka
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Cecylia Tukaj
- Department of Electron Microscopy, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michal Wozniak
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Marek Witold Radomski
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, The University of Dublin Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland ; Kardio-Med Silesia, Zabrze, Poland ; Silesian Medical University, Zabrze, Poland
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Ghosh P, Rameshbabu AP, Das D, Francis NK, Pawar HS, Subramanian B, Pal S, Dhara S. Covalent cross-links in polyampholytic chitosan fibers enhances bone regeneration in a rabbit model. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 125:160-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2014.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2014] [Revised: 10/24/2014] [Accepted: 11/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu H, Cheng J, Chen F, Bai D, Shao C, Wang J, Xi P, Zeng Z. Gelatin functionalized graphene oxide for mineralization of hydroxyapatite: biomimetic and in vitro evaluation. NANOSCALE 2014; 6:5315-5322. [PMID: 24699835 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report a facile modification of graphene oxide (GO) by gelatin to mimic charged proteins present in the extracellular matrix during bone formation. The bioinspired surface of GO-gelatin (GO-Gel) composite was used for biomimetic mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA). A detailed structural and morphological characterization of the mineralized composite was performed. Additionally, MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured on the GO-Gel surfaces to observe various cellular activities and HA mineralization. Higher cellular activities such as cell adhesion, cell proliferation, and alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) were observed on the GO-Gel surface compared with the GO or glass surface. The increase of ALP confirms that the proposed GO-Gel promotes the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, the evidence of mineralization evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and alizarin red staining (ARS) corroborate the idea that a native osteoid matrix is ultimately deposited. All these data suggest that the GO-Gel hybrids will have great potential as osteogenesis promoting scaffolds for successful application in bone surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China.
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Liu H, Cheng J, Chen F, Hou F, Bai D, Xi P, Zeng Z. Biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite by carrageenan functionalized graphene oxide. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:3132-40. [PMID: 24527702 DOI: 10.1021/am4057826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In bone tissue engineering, it is imperative to design multifunctional biomaterials that can induce and assemble bonelike apatite that is close to natural bone. In this study, graphene oxide (GO) was functionalized by carrageenan. The resulting GO-carrageenan (GO-Car) composite was further used as a substrate for biomimetic and cell-mediated mineralization of hydroxyapatite (HA). It was confirmed that carrageenan on the GO surface facilitated the nucleation of HA. The observation of the effect of the GO-Car on the adhesion, morphology, and proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells was investigated. In vitro studies clearly show the effectiveness of GO-Car in promoting HA mineralization and cell differentiation. The results of this study suggested that the GO-Car hybrid will be a promising material for bone regeneration and implantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, ‡The Research Center of Biomedical Nanotechnology, and §Key Lab of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University , Lanzhou 730000, P. R. China
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20
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Song Y, Ju Y, Morita Y, Xu B, Song G. Surface functionalization of nanoporous alumina with bone morphogenetic protein 2 for inducing osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2014; 37:120-6. [PMID: 24582231 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2014.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2013] [Revised: 12/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/05/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Many studies have demonstrated the possibility to regulate cellular behavior by manipulating the specific characteristics of biomaterials including the physical features and chemical properties. To investigate the synergistic effect of chemical factors and surface topography on the growth behavior of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), bone morphorgenic protein 2 (BMP2) was immobilized onto porous alumina substrates with different pore sizes. The BMP2-immobilized alumina substrates were characterized with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Growth behavior and osteogenic differentiation of MSCs cultured on the different substrates were investigated. Cell adhesion and morphological changes were observed with SEM, and the results showed that the BMP2-immobilized alumina substrate was able to promote adhesion and spreading of MSCs. MTT assay and immunofluorescence staining of integrin β1 revealed that the BMP2-immobilized alumina substrates were favorable for cell growth. To evaluate the differentiation of MSCs, osteoblastic differentiation markers, such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization, were investigated. Compared with those of untreated alumina substrates, significantly higher ALP activities and mineralization were detected in cells cultured on BMP2-immobilized alumina substrates. The results suggested that surface functionalization of nanoporous alumina substrates with BMP2 was beneficial for cell growth and osteogenic differentiation. With the approach of immobilizing growth factors onto material substrates, it provided a new insight to exploit novel biofunctional materials for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Song
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yang Ju
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Morita
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Baiyao Xu
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, People's Republic of China
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Gurunathan S, Han JW, Park JH, Eppakayala V, Kim JH. Ginkgo biloba: a natural reducing agent for the synthesis of cytocompatible graphene. Int J Nanomedicine 2014; 9:363-77. [PMID: 24453487 PMCID: PMC3890967 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s53538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Graphene is a novel two-dimensional planar nanocomposite material consisting of rings of carbon atoms with a hexagonal lattice structure. Graphene exhibits unique physical, chemical, mechanical, electrical, elasticity, and cytocompatible properties that lead to many potential biomedical applications. Nevertheless, the water-insoluble property of graphene restricts its application in various aspects of biomedical fields. Therefore, the objective of this work was to find a novel biological approach for an efficient method to synthesize water-soluble and cytocompatible graphene using Ginkgo biloba extract (GbE) as a reducing and stabilizing agent. In addition, we investigated the biocompatibility effects of graphene in MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS Synthesized graphene oxide (GO) and GbE-reduced GO (Gb-rGO) were characterized using various sequences of techniques: ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and Raman spectroscopy. Biocompatibility of GO and Gb-rGO was assessed in human breast cancer cells using a series of assays, including cell viability, apoptosis, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. RESULTS The successful synthesis of graphene was confirmed by UV-vis spectroscopy and FTIR. DLS analysis was performed to determine the average size of GO and Gb-rGO. X-ray diffraction studies confirmed the crystalline nature of graphene. SEM was used to investigate the surface morphologies of GO and Gb-rGO. AFM was employed to investigate the morphologies of prepared graphene and the height profile of GO and Gb-rGO. The formation of defects in Gb-rGO was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The biocompatibility of the prepared GO and Gb-rGO was investigated using a water-soluble tetrazolium 8 assay on human breast cancer cells. GO exhibited a dose-dependent toxicity, whereas Gb-rGO-treated cells showed significant biocompatibility and increased ALP activity compared to GO. CONCLUSION In this work, a nontoxic natural reducing agent of GbE was used to prepare soluble graphene. The as-prepared Gb-rGO showed significant biocompatibility with human cancer cells. This simple, cost-effective, and green procedure offers an alternative route for large-scale production of rGO, and could be used for various biomedical applications, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, biosensing, and molecular imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae Woong Han
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jung Hyun Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Vasuki Eppakayala
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea
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Ghosh P, Rameshbabu AP, Dogra N, Dhara S. 2,5-Dimethoxy 2,5-dihydrofuran crosslinked chitosan fibers enhance bone regeneration in rabbit femur defects. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra01971g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chitosan fibers were fabricated via pH induced neutralization and precipitation in a 5 w/v% NaOH bath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulomi Ghosh
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Arun Prabhu Rameshbabu
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Nantu Dogra
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur-721302, India
| | - Santanu Dhara
- Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering Laboratory
- School of Medical Science and Technology
- Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
- Kharagpur-721302, India
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Yeo M, Kim G. Cell-printed hierarchical scaffolds consisting of micro-sized polycaprolactone (PCL) and electrospun PCL nanofibers/cell-laden alginate struts for tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2014; 2:314-324. [DOI: 10.1039/c3tb21163k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Liu W, Zhan J, Su Y, Wu T, Ramakrishna S, Liao S, Mo X. Injectable hydrogel incorporating with nanoyarn for bone regeneration. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2013; 25:168-80. [DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2013.848326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Song Y, Ju Y, Morita Y, Song G. Effect of the nanostructure of porous alumina on growth behavior of MG63 osteoblast-like cells. J Biosci Bioeng 2013; 116:509-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2013.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Song Y, Ju Y, Song G, Morita Y. In vitro proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells on nanoporous alumina. Int J Nanomedicine 2013; 8:2745-56. [PMID: 23935364 PMCID: PMC3735283 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s44885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell adhesion, migration, and proliferation are significantly affected by the surface topography of the substrates on which the cells are cultured. Alumina is one of the most popular implant materials used in orthopedics, but few data are available concerning the cellular responses of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) grown on nanoporous structures. MSCs were cultured on smooth alumina substrates and nanoporous alumina substrates to investigate the interaction between surface topographies of nanoporous alumina and cellular behavior. Nanoporous alumina substrates with pore sizes of 20 nm and 100 nm were used to evaluate the effect of pore size on MSCs as measured by proliferation, morphology, expression of integrin β1, and osteogenic differentiation. An MTT assay was used to measure cell viability of MSCs on different substrates, and determined that cell viability decreased with increasing pore size. Scanning electron microscopy was used to investigate the effect of pore size on cell morphology. Extremely elongated cells and prominent cell membrane protrusions were observed in cells cultured on alumina with the larger pore size. The expression of integrin β1 was enhanced in MSCs cultured on porous alumina, revealing that porous alumina substrates were more favorable for cell growth than smooth alumina substrates. Higher levels of osteoblastic differentiation markers such as alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and mineralization were detected in cells cultured on alumina with 100 nm pores compared with cells cultured on alumina with either 20 nm pores or smooth alumina. This work demonstrates that cellular behavior is affected by variation in pore size, providing new insight into the potential application of this novel biocompatible material for the developing field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanhui Song
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yang Ju
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Guanbin Song
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology, Ministry of Education, College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yasuyuki Morita
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
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Jin G, Kim G. The effect of sinusoidal AC electric stimulation of 3D PCL/CNT and PCL/β-TCP based bio-composites on cellular activities for bone tissue regeneration. J Mater Chem B 2013; 1:1439-1452. [PMID: 32260784 DOI: 10.1039/c2tb00338d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Various physical stimulations have been widely applied to tissue regenerative applications. In particular, for bone tissue regeneration, several experimental studies have reported that electric stimulation can enhance the mineral formation in cultured osteoblasts and even alter the pattern of gene expression, promoting bone tissue formation. However, to date, for rapid-prototyped polycaprolactone (PCL)-based composites of pure PCL and dispersed materials including carbon nanotubes and β-tricalcium phosphate (TCP), the effect of electric stimulation on various cellular activities has not been analyzed. Here, a sinusoidal AC electric field (55 ± 8 mV cm-1 and 60 Hz) between parallel electrodes was applied to three-dimensional scaffolds (pure PCL, PCL/CNT-0.2 wt%, and PCL/β-TCP-20 wt%) cultured with osteoblast-like cells (MG63) 30 min per day for 14 days. When exposed to electric stimulation, alkaline phosphatase and calcium mineralization were enhanced in all scaffolds, and the PCL/β-TCP scaffold in particular showed the highest improvement in bone mineralization compared with other scaffolds. In this work, we surmised that the improvement may have been due to chemical precipitation of the calcium ions from the PCL/β-TCP scaffolds. To evaluate the effect of the released calcium ions from the composite scaffold, we observed the cellular behavior (cellular contraction) of proliferated cells under electric stimulation. The results indicate that in addition to the applied electric field conditions, the scaffold materials are also an important parameter for successful electric stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- GyuHyun Jin
- Department of Mechanical Eng., College of Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
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Peng H, Yin Z, Liu H, Chen X, Feng B, Yuan H, Su B, Ouyang H, Zhang Y. Electrospun biomimetic scaffold of hydroxyapatite/chitosan supports enhanced osteogenic differentiation of mMSCs. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2012; 23:485102. [PMID: 23128604 DOI: 10.1088/0957-4484/23/48/485102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Engaging functional biomaterial scaffolds to regulate stem cell differentiation has drawn a great deal of attention in the tissue engineering and regenerative medicine community. In this study, biomimetic composite nanofibrous scaffolds of hydroxyapatite/chitosan (HAp/CTS) were prepared to investigate their capacity for inducing murine mesenchymal stem cells (mMSCs) to differentiate into the osteogenic lineage, in the absence and presence of an osteogenic supplementation (i.e., ascorbic acid, β-glycerol phosphate, and dexamethasone), respectively. Using electrospun chitosan (CTS) nanofibrous scaffolds as the control, cell morphology, growth, specific osteogenic genes expression, and quantified proteins secretion on the HAp/CTS scaffolds were sequentially examined and assessed. It appeared that the HAp/CTS scaffolds supported better attachment and proliferation of the mMSCs. Most noteworthy was that in the absence of the osteogenic supplementation, expression of osteogenic genes including collagen I (Col I), runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OCN) were significantly upregulated in mMSCs cultured on the HAp/CTS nanofibrous scaffolds. Also increased secretion of the osteogenesis protein markers of alkaline phosphatase and collagen confirmed that the HAp/CTS nanofibrous scaffold markedly promoted the osteogenic commitment in the mMSCs. Moreover, the presence of osteogenic supplementation proved an enhanced efficacy of mMSC osteogenesis on the HAp/CTS nanofibrous scaffolds. Collectively, this study demonstrated that the biomimetic nanofibrous HAp/CTS scaffolds could support and enhance the adhesion, proliferation, and particularly osteogenic differentiation of the mMSCs. It also substantiated the potential of using biomimetic nanofibrous scaffolds of HAp/CTS for functional bone repair and regeneration applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongju Peng
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, People's Republic of China
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Kim M, Kim G. Electrospun PCL/phlorotannin nanofibres for tissue engineering: physical properties and cellular activities. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:592-601. [PMID: 24751081 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 04/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Micro/nanofibrous substrates have been widely used for tissue regeneration because of their similarities to extracellular matrix components and their high surface area, which facilitates attachment and proliferation of cells. Phlorotannin, the main component of the brown alga Ecklonia cava, contains various growth factors that promote the regeneration of various tissues, including bone, by stimulating alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and inducing calcium deposition. Despite the benefits of phlorotannin in tissue regeneration, the activity of phlorotannin as a component of micro/nanofibres of various compositions has not yet been investigated. Here, we fabricated electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL)/phlorotannin micro/nanofibres containing different phlorotannin concentrations (1, 3, and 5 wt%) and determined their physical properties, including water contact angle, water absorption, and mechanical properties. Owing to their hydrophilicity and water absorption ability, phlorotannin-containing fibrous mats exhibited outstanding wettability compared with pure PCL fibrous mats. The biocompatibility of the mats was examined in vitro using osteoblast-like cells (MG63). Cell viability, ALP activity, and calcium deposition were assessed. The cells distributed more widely and proliferated to a greater degree on PCL/phlorotannin mats compared with pure PCL mats. In addition, cell viability (at 5 wt% phlorotannin), total protein content, ALP activity, and calcium deposition were higher with PCL/phlorotannin mats than with pure PCL mats. These results suggest that electrospun PCL/phlorotannin is a promising bioactive material for enhancing bone tissue growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minseong Kim
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea; School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
| | - GeunHyung Kim
- Bio/Nanofluidics Lab, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju 501-759, South Korea
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Jin Lee H, Kim GH. Cryogenically direct-plotted alginate scaffolds consisting of micro/nano-architecture for bone tissue regeneration. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20836a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Yeo M, Jung WK, Kim G. Fabrication, characterisation and biological activity of phlorotannin-conjugated PCL/β-TCP composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm14725d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Kim YB, Kim G. Rapid-prototyped collagen scaffolds reinforced with PCL/β-TCP nanofibres to obtain high cell seeding efficiency and enhanced mechanical properties for bone tissue regeneration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm33036a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Ravichandran R, Ng CC, Liao S, Pliszka D, Raghunath M, Ramakrishna S, Chan CK. Biomimetic surface modification of titanium surfaces for early cell capture by advanced electrospinning. Biomed Mater 2011; 7:015001. [PMID: 22156014 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/7/1/015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The time required for osseointegration with a metal implant having a smooth surface ranges from three to six months. We hypothesized that biomimetic coating surfaces with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA)/collagen fibers and nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) on the implant would enhance the adhesion of mesenchymal stem cells. Therefore, this surface modification of dental and bone implants might enhance the process of osseointegration. In this study, we coated PLGA or PLGA/collagen (50:50 w/w ratio) fiber on Ti disks by modified electrospinning for 5 s to 2 min; after that, we further deposited n-HA on the fibers. PLGA fibers of fiber diameter 0.957 ± 0.357 µm had a contact angle of 9.9 ± 0.3° and PLGA/collagen fibers of fiber diameter 0.378 ± 0.068 µm had a contact angle of 0°. Upon n-HA incorporation, all the fibers had a contact angle of 0° owing to the hydrophilic nature of n-HA biomolecule. The cell attachment efficiency was tested on all the scaffolds for different intervals of time (10, 20, 30 and 60 min). The alkaline phosphatase activity, cell proliferation and mineralization were analyzed on all the implant surfaces on days 7, 14 and 21. Results of the cell adhesion study indicated that the cell adhesion was maximum on the implant surface coated with PLGA/collagen fibers deposited with n-HA compared to the other scaffolds. Within a short span of 60 min, 75% of the cells adhered onto the mineralized PLGA/collagen fibers. Similarly by day 21, the rate of cell proliferation was significantly higher (p ⩽ 0.05) on the mineralized PLGA/collagen fibers owing to enhanced cell adhesion on these fibers. This enhanced initial cell adhesion favored higher cell proliferation, differentiation and mineralization on the implant surface coated with mineralized PLGA/collagen fibers.
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Raquez JM, Barone DJ, Luklinska Z, Persenaire O, Belayew A, Eyckmans J, Schrooten J, Dubois P. Osteoconductive and Bioresorbable Composites Based on Poly(l,l-lactide) and Pseudowollastonite: From Synthesis and Interfacial Compatibilization to In Vitro Bioactivity and In Vivo Osseointegration Studies. Biomacromolecules 2011; 12:692-700. [DOI: 10.1021/bm101327r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Z. Luklinska
- Department of Materials, Queen Mary University of London, E.M.Unit, Mile End Road, London E14NS, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - J. Schrooten
- Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 44, PB 2450, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Chandrasekaran AR, Venugopal J, Sundarrajan S, Ramakrishna S. Fabrication of a nanofibrous scaffold with improved bioactivity for culture of human dermal fibroblasts for skin regeneration. Biomed Mater 2011; 6:015001. [PMID: 21205999 DOI: 10.1088/1748-6041/6/1/015001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Engineering dermal substitutes with electrospun nanofibres have lately been of prime importance for skin tissue regeneration. Simple electrospinning technology served to produce nanofibrous scaffolds morphologically and structurally similar to the extracellular matrix of native tissues. The nanofibrous scaffolds of poly(L-lactic acid)-co-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PLACL) and PLACL/gelatin complexes were fabricated by the electrospinning process. These nanofibres were characterized for fibre morphology, membrane porosity, wettability and chemical properties by FTIR analysis to culture human foreskin fibroblasts for skin tissue engineering. The nanofibre diameter was obtained between 282 and 761 nm for PLACL and PLACL/gelatin scaffolds; expressions of amino and carboxyl groups and porosity up to 87% were obtained for these fibres, while they also exhibited improved hydrophilic properties after plasma treatment. The results showed that fibroblasts proliferation, morphology, CMFDA dye expression and secretion of collagen were significantly increased in plasma-treated PLACL/gelatin scaffolds compared to PLACL nanofibrous scaffolds. The obtained results prove that the plasma-treated PLACL/gelatin nanofibrous scaffold is a potential biocomposite material for skin tissue regeneration.
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Observation of a 3D Network Nano-Structure of Carbon Nanotubes Scaffold for Cultivation. E-JOURNAL OF SURFACE SCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2011. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2011.80] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Jin G, Kim GH. Rapid-prototyped PCL/fucoidan composite scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration: design, fabrication, and physical/biological properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm12915e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Francis L, Venugopal J, Prabhakaran MP, Thavasi V, Marsano E, Ramakrishna S. Simultaneous electrospin-electrosprayed biocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds for bone tissue regeneration. Acta Biomater 2010; 6:4100-9. [PMID: 20466085 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2010.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2009] [Revised: 05/03/2010] [Accepted: 05/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Currently, the application of nanotechnology in bone tissue regeneration is a challenge for the fabrication of novel bioartificial bone grafts. These nanostructures are capable of mimicking natural extracellular matrix with effective mineralization for successful regeneration of damaged tissues. The simultaneous electrospraying of nanohydroxyapatite (HA) on electrospun polymeric nanofibrous scaffolds might be more promising for bone tissue regeneration. In the current study, nanofibrous scaffolds of gelatin (Gel), Gel/HA (4:1 blend), Gel/HA (2:1 blend) and Gel/HA (electrospin-electrospray) were fabricated for this purpose. The morphology, chemical and mechanical stability of nanofibres were evaluated by means of field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and with a universal tensile machine, respectively. The in vitro biocompatibility of different nanofibrous scaffolds was determined by culturing human foetal osteoblasts and investigating the proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and mineralization of cells. The results of cell proliferation, ALP activity and FESEM studies revealed that the combination of electrospinning of gelatin and electrospraying of HA yielded biocomposite nanofibrous scaffolds with enhanced performances in terms of better cell proliferation, increased ALP activity and enhanced mineralization, making them potential substrates for bone tissue regeneration.
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Fabrication of gelatin–siloxane fibrous mats via sol–gel and electrospinning procedure and its application for bone tissue engineering. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Hesaraki S, Alizadeh M, Nazarian H, Sharifi D. Physico-chemical and in vitro biological evaluation of strontium/calcium silicophosphate glass. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2010; 21:695-705. [PMID: 19866346 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-009-3920-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2009] [Accepted: 10/19/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Strontium is known to reduce bone resorption and stimulate bone formation. Incorporation of strontium into calcium phosphate bioceramics has been widely reported. In this work, calcium and calcium/strontium silicophosphate glasses were synthesized from the sol-gel process and their rheological, thermal, and in vitro biological properties were studied and compared to each other. The results showed that the gel viscosity and thus the rate of gel formation increased by using strontium in glass composition and by increasing aging temperature. In strontium-containing glass, the crystallization temperature increased and the type of the crystallized phase was different to that of strontium-free glass. Both glasses favored precipitation of calcium phosphate layer when they were soaked in simulated body fluid; however strontium seemed to retard the rate of precipitation slightly. The in vitro biodegradation rate of the strontium/calcium silicophosphate glass was higher than that of strontium-free one. The cell culture experiments carried out using rat calvaria osteoblasts showed that the incorporation of strontium into the glass composition stimulated proliferation of the cells and enhanced their alkaline phosphatase activity, depending on cell culture period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Hesaraki
- Ceramics Department, Materials and Energy Research Center, Tehran, Iran.
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Wong K, Wong C, Liu W, Pan H, Fong M, Lam W, Cheung W, Tang W, Chiu K, Luk K, Lu W. Mechanical properties and in vitro response of strontium-containing hydroxyapatite/polyetheretherketone composites. Biomaterials 2009; 30:3810-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2009.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Nanostructured biocomposite substrates by electrospinning and electrospraying for the mineralization of osteoblasts. Biomaterials 2009; 30:2085-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2008.12.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 254] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/19/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Manjubala I, Ponomarev I, Wilke I, Jandt KD. Growth of osteoblast-like cells on biomimetic apatite-coated chitosan scaffolds. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2007; 84:7-16. [PMID: 17455270 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.30838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Porous scaffold materials that can provide a framework for the cells to adhere, proliferate, and create extracellular matrix are considered to be suitable materials for bone regeneration. Interconnected porous chitosan scaffolds were prepared by freeze-drying method, and were mineralized by calcium and phosphate solution by double-diffusion method to form nanoapatite in chitosan matrix. The mineralized chitosan scaffold contains hydroxyapatite nanocrystals on the surface and also within the pore channels of the scaffold. To assess the effect of apatite and porosity of the scaffolds on cells, human osteoblast (SaOS-2) cells were cultured on unmineralized and mineralized chitosan scaffolds. The cell growth on the mineralized scaffolds and on the pure chitosan scaffold shows a similar growth trend. The total protein content and alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity of the cells grown on scaffolds were quantified, and were found to increase over time in mineralized scaffold after 1 and 3 weeks of culture. The electron microscopy of the cell-seeded scaffolds showed that most of the outer macropores became sealed off by a continuous layer of cells. The cells spanned around the pore wall and formed extra cellular matrix, consisting mainly of collagen in mineralized scaffolds. The hydroxyproline content also confirmed the formation of the collagen matrix by cells in mineralized scaffolds. This study demonstrated that the presence of apatite nanocrystals in chitosan scaffolds does not significantly influence the growth of cells, but does induce the formation of extracellular matrix and therefore has the potential to serve for bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Manjubala
- Department of Biomaterials, Max-Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, 14424 Potsdam, Germany
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Manjubala I, Woesz A, Pilz C, Rumpler M, Fratzl-Zelman N, Roschger P, Stampfl J, Fratzl P. Biomimetic mineral-organic composite scaffolds with controlled internal architecture. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2005; 16:1111-9. [PMID: 16362209 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-005-4715-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2005] [Accepted: 07/27/2005] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone and cartilage generation by three-dimensional scaffolds is one of the promising techniques in tissue engineering. One approach is to generate histologically and functionally normal tissue by delivering healthy cells in biocompatible scaffolds. These scaffolds provide the necessary support for cells to proliferate and maintain their differentiated function, and their architecture defines the ultimate shape. Rapid prototyping (RP) is a technology by which a complex 3-dimensional (3D) structure can be produced indirectly from computer aided design (CAD). The present study aims at developing a 3D organic-inorganic composite scaffold with defined internal architecture by a RP method utilizing a 3D printer to produce wax molds. The composite scaffolds consisting of chitosan and hydroxyapatite were prepared using soluble wax molds. The behaviour and response of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells on the scaffolds was studied. During a culture period of two and three weeks, cell proliferation and in-growth were observed by phase contrast light microscopy, histological staining and electron microscopy. The Giemsa and Gömöri staining of the cells cultured on scaffolds showed that the cells proliferated not only on the surface, but also filled the micro pores of the scaffolds and produced extracellular matrix within the pores. The electron micrographs showed that the cells covering the surface of the struts were flattened and grew from the periphery into the middle region of the pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Manjubala
- Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute for Colloids and Interfaces, 14424, Potsdam, Germany.
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McDuffee LA, Anderson GI. In vitro comparison of equine cancellous bone graft donor sites and tibial periosteum as sources of viable osteoprogenitors. Vet Surg 2004; 32:455-63. [PMID: 14569574 DOI: 10.1053/jvet.2003.50060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the osteogenic potential of cancellous bone of conventional graft sites with that of one nonconventional site (fourth coccygeal vertebra) and to investigate the tibial periosteum as a donor site with respect to osteogenic potential. STUDY DESIGN In vitro osteogenic cell culture system. SAMPLE POPULATION Eight adult horses. METHODS Cancellous bone or tibial periosteum was aseptically collected and cut into bone chips or periosteal strips of 1 to 2 mm(3) for primary explant cultures. After 2 weeks, primary tissue cultures that yielded a population of osteogenic cells were counted and subcultured at 1 x 10(5) cells/35-mm dish in osteogenic media. After 7 to 10 days, subcultures were stained with Von Kossa (VK) to assess mineralized bone nodule formation. VK-positive bone nodules were counted as osteoprogenitors and compared among 3 donor sites, which provided consistent primary osteogenic cells (tuber coxae, fourth coccygeal vertebra, periosteum) using ANOVA (P <.05). RESULTS Sternal and tibial bone yielded viable osteogenic cells from 25% and 50% of horses, respectively, whereas yields from tuber coxae, coccygeal vertebra, and periosteum were 75%, 100%, and 100%, respectively. Tuber coxae and periosteum had significantly greater numbers of osteoprogenitors compared with fourth coccygeal vertebra. CONCLUSIONS Among the conventional donor sites, tuber coxae most consistently yielded viable osteogenic cells with an acceptable percentage of osteoprogenitors. Sternal and tibial sites were unreliable in providing osteogenic cells. Two new donor sites, the fourth coccygeal vertebra and tibial periosteum, were tissues with good osteogenic potential. CLINICAL RELEVANCE When a source of transplantable viable osteoprogenitor cells is desired, use of the tuber coxae as a conventional donor site is warranted. Use of tibial periosteum or fourth coccygeal vertebra as reliable sources of transplantable osteoprogenitors should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurie A McDuffee
- Department of Health Management, Atlantic Veterinary College, University of Prince Edward Island, Charlottetown, Canada
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Yuasa T, Miyamoto Y, Ishikawa K, Takechi M, Momota Y, Tatehara S, Nagayama M. Effects of apatite cements on proliferation and differentiation of human osteoblasts in vitro. Biomaterials 2004; 25:1159-66. [PMID: 14643589 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2003.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Although apatite cement (AC) and sintered hydroxyapatite (s-HAP) are known to show good osteoconductivity, it is not clear whether or not the degree of their osteoconductivity is the same. In addition, it has not been clarified whether or not it is dependent on the type of AC; conventional AC (c-AC), fast-setting AC (fs-AC) or anti-washout AC (aw-AC). The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of ACs on cultured human osteoblasts, as they may provide a useful index of osteoconductivity. Human osteoblasts were cultured on the surfaces of ACs and s-HAP, and were evaluated with respect to cell attachment, proliferation, and differentiation. We found that ACs and s-HAP showed similar cell attachment. No significant difference between ACs and s-HAP was found with respect to the proliferation of osteoblasts. In contrast, we found that the differentiation of osteoblasts was enhanced on the surface of ACs compared with that of s-HAP. However, there was no difference among the types of AC. We therefore concluded that AC may show better osteoconductivity than s-HAP, and that osteoconductivity of AC may be similar, regardless of the type of AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Yuasa
- First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8504, Japan.
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Wiesmann HP, Nazer N, Klatt C, Szuwart T, Meyer U. Bone tissue engineering by primary osteoblast-like cells in a monolayer system and 3-dimensional collagen gel. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2004; 61:1455-62. [PMID: 14663811 DOI: 10.1016/j.joms.2003.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To engineer living bone tissue in vitro, bone cells must be multiplied and differentiated in cell culture. Osteoblasts are known to be the crucial cells responsible for the bone modeling process. Periosteal-derived osteoblasts were therefore cultured for up to 3 weeks in Petri dishes as well as in a 3-dimensional collagen gel. METHODS Proliferation, migration, and differentiation of cells as well as the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins were monitored during the culture period by histology, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. Mineral formation was investigated by electron diffraction studies and element analysis. RESULTS Osteoblasts proliferated and migrated in Petri dishes as well as in the collagen gel without loss of viability during the whole experimental period. They demonstrated a mature osteoblast phenotype as indicated by the synthesis of a bone-like extracellular matrix. They formed an extracellular matrix containing osteocalcin, osteonectin, and newly synthesized collagen type I in both environments. Mineral formation was seen in colocalization with the bone-like extracellular matrix proteins in Petri dishes. Microanalytical investigations revealed a matrix vesicle-mediated mineral formation at early stages of culture. CONCLUSIONS Our cell culture confirmed the ability to multiplicate differentiated and viable osteoblast-like cells in 2- and 3-dimensional space. Additionally, bone-like mineralization can be induced by primary osteoblasts in monolayer culture. The data suggest that this approach can be used as a tool in bone tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Peter Wiesmann
- Klinik and Poliklinik für Mund und Kiefer-Gesichtschirurgie, Universitäatklinikum Münster, Germany.
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Rao LG, Liu LJF, Murray TM, McDermott E, Zhang X. Estrogen added intermittently, but not continuously, stimulates differentiation and bone formation in SaOS-2 cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2003; 26:936-45. [PMID: 12843614 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.26.936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Although it is well established that estrogen inhibits bone resorption, its effects on bone formation remain controversial. We studied the effects of intermittent and continuous treatment with estrogen on bone formation in vitro using long term cultures of SaOS-2 cells under conditions that permit mineralization. SaOS-2 cells cultured in dexamethasone, ascorbic acid and beta-glycerophosphate for up to 17 d formed mineralized bone nodules as visualized by von Kossa staining. Electron microscopic analysis of ultrathin sections of representative mineralized nodules showed the presence of mineral deposits, collagen fibrils and osteocytes. Both the mineralized nodule numbers and areas increased exponentially with time of culture after addition of beta-glycerophophate at day 8. Intermittent addition of 17beta-estradiol (E(2)) for 6 h or 24 h of every 48 h starting at day 3 or day 8 to the end of culture period resulted in a specific time- and dose-dependent stimulation of mineralized bone nodule number and area, and alkaline phosphatase activity which were accompanied with increase in cell numbers. On the other hand, continuous treatment with E(2) added every 48 h had no effect. The estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) mRNA expression was stimulated after 6 or 24-h (intermittent), but not after 48-h (continuous) treatment with E(2). The stimulatory effect of E(2), when added intermittently, but not continuously, on differentiation and bone formation in human osteoblasts in culture may be relevant to previous reports of stimulatory effects of E(2) on bone formation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Gomez Rao
- Calcium Research Laboratory, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, St. Michael's Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Zhang Y, Ni M, Zhang M, Ratner B. Calcium phosphate-chitosan composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering. TISSUE ENGINEERING 2003; 9:337-45. [PMID: 12740096 DOI: 10.1089/107632703764664800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Macroporous calcium phosphate-chitosan composite scaffolds were fabricated and evaluated for use in bone tissue engineering. Human osteoblast-like MG63 cells were cultured on the composite scaffolds, and their response to the materials was studied. Cell morphology, total protein content, and expression of classic markers for osteoblast differentiation were characterized. MG63 cells on the hydroxyapatite scaffolds nesting chitosan sponges (HC1) showed significantly higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level and osteocalcin (OC) production during the 11-day culture period, compared with the control culture on tissue culture plates. Cells on the chitosan scaffolds incorporated with hydroxyapatite powders (HC2) exhibited lower ALP activity during the 11-day culture period and OC secretion during the first 7 days, in comparison with that on HC1. The addition of calcium phosphate glass as in HC3 scaffolds increased the ALP and OC levels of MG63 cells. Our study indicated that the hydroxyapatite-matrix composite scaffolds might enhance the phenotype expression of MG63 cells, in comparison with chitosan-matrix scaffolds. Soluble calcium phosphate glasses should be added to the scaffolds to prevent chitosan from fast degradation that may affect the differentiation of osteoblast cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-2120, USA
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Intini G, Andreana S, Margarone JE, Bush PJ, Dziak R. Engineering a bioactive matrix by modifications of calcium sulfate. TISSUE ENGINEERING 2002; 8:997-1008. [PMID: 12542945 DOI: 10.1089/107632702320934092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The goal of this study was to define the conditions for the fabrication of a bioactive matrix that induces and supports cell proliferation and tissue regeneration. The proposed hypothesis was that a composite graft could be engineered by the absorption of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) onto calcium sulfate (CS). Evaluation of the biological activity of the engineered grafts was based on osteoblast proliferation studies and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. Graft samples were created in a standard size and shape so that the surface available for attachment and cell proliferation was always identical. Proliferation data were expressed as counts per minute per group and differences among groups were statistically analyzed by analysis of variance followed by the Scheffé test (alpha = 0.1). SEM analysis showed that the combination of CS and PRP presents a preserved crystalline structure well integrated by organic matrix. This combination showed the highest cell proliferation levels (p < 0.001). Further evaluations demonstrated that PRP is activated when combined with CS. When tested as a possible carrier for biologically active molecules such as platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF), CS showed increased cell proliferation (p < 0.001). SEM revealed adherent osteoblasts with broad flattened edges on CS-PRP. This study proposes CS as an efficient carrier for PRP or PDGF and supports the use of these combinations as bioactive matrices in clinical or laboratory applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Intini
- Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, USA
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