1
|
Carvalho D, Kunert-Filho HC, Simoni C, de Moraes LB, Furian TQ, Borges KA, Breunig JG, Medeiros LP, Kobayashi RKT, de Brito KCT, de Brito BG. Antimicrobial susceptibility and detection of virulence-associated genes of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. isolated from domestic pigeons (Columba livia) in Brazil. Folia Microbiol (Praha) 2020; 65:735-745. [PMID: 32180120 DOI: 10.1007/s12223-020-00781-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Overpopulation of domestic pigeons is considered to be one of the major problems of urban centers, as these birds are responsible for the dissemination of relevant pathogens to animal and human health. The aim of this study was to detect potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. in domestic pigeons captured in areas near silos used for grain and feed storage, analyzing the antimicrobial sensitivity and the presence of virulence-associated genes. We evaluated 41 pigeons. From each bird, cecal contents and a pool of viscera (heart, spleen, and liver) were collected. Fifty strains of E. coli and three strains of S. Typhimurium were isolated. The antimicrobial susceptibility assay showed that 2% of the isolates of E. coli were resistant to chloramphenicol and the combination of sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim and 4% to tetracycline, doxycycline, and sulfonamide. The three S. Typhimurium strains were sensitive to all antimicrobials tested. The pathogenicity profile demonstrated that no E. coli isolates showed a STEC compatible profile. Regarding the APEC pathotype, all genes were observed in 8% of E. coli, 6% had only the iss gene and 4% presented ompT, hlyF, and iutA genes. invA, hilA, avrA, and lpfA genes were detected in 100% of Salmonella isolates. The sitC and pefA genes were only present in one strain and the remaining genes were detected in two. In conclusion, it was found that pigeons living in the vicinity of silos are carriers of important pathogens, and control measures should be taken to minimize animal and human health risks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daiane Carvalho
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Hiran Castagnino Kunert-Filho
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Cintia Simoni
- Laboratório de Saúde das Aves & Inovação Tecnológica, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, RS, CEP 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Lucas Brunelli de Moraes
- Laboratório de Histopatologia, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, RS, CEP 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Thales Quedi Furian
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91540-000, Brazil
| | - Karen Apellanis Borges
- Centro de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa em Patologia Aviária, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 8824, Porto Alegre, RS, CEP 91540-000, Brazil.
| | - Jônatas Grellmann Breunig
- Laboratório de Saúde das Aves & Inovação Tecnológica, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, RS, CEP 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Pinto Medeiros
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 - Km 380, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Renata Katsuko Takayama Kobayashi
- Laboratório de Bacteriologia Básica e Aplicada, Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Rodovia Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 - Km 380, Londrina, PR, CEP 86057-970, Brazil
| | - Kelly Cristina Tagliari de Brito
- Laboratório de Saúde das Aves & Inovação Tecnológica, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, RS, CEP 92990-000, Brazil
| | - Benito Guimarães de Brito
- Laboratório de Saúde das Aves & Inovação Tecnológica, Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor, Departamento de Diagnóstico e Pesquisa Agropecuária, Secretaria da Agricultura, Pecuária e Desenvolvimento Rural do Rio Grande do Sul, Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, RS, CEP 92990-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Perez-Sancho M, García-Seco T, Porrero C, García N, Gomez-Barrero S, Cámara JM, Domínguez L, Álvarez J. A ten-year-surveillance program of zoonotic pathogens in feral pigeons in the City of Madrid (2005-2014): The importance of a systematic pest control. Res Vet Sci 2019; 128:293-298. [PMID: 31869595 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Feral pigeons have increased in urban settings worldwide becoming a potential health risk for humans and other animals. Control and surveillance programs are essential to prevent the possible transmission of zoonotic pathogens carried by pigeons. A surveillance program was carried out in Madrid City (Spain) during 2005-2014 to determine the role of urban pigeons as carriers of zoonotic agents comparing these results with studies performed elsewhere in the last fifteen years. A total of 1372 pigeons were randomly captured and tested for detection of Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic heterogeneity of Campylobacter and Salmonella isolates were determined. During the first phase (August 2005-July 2010), 428 animals were analyzed individually, while in the second period (August 2010-December 2014), 944 pigeons were analyzed in pools (n = 2-3 in 2010 and n = 5-6 in 2013 and 2014). The most prevalent pathogen during the first phase was Campylobacter spp., (6.57%, 95% confidence interval 3.05-12.10%) followed by Salmonella spp. (4.41%, 95% CI: 2.30-7.58%) and C. psittaci (2.56%, 95% CI: 0.70-6.53%)]. The PCR techniques, used during the 2010-2014 phase of the study, confirmed the presence of Campylobacter spp. (prevalence of 0-14.83%) and C. psittaci (0-12,94%) among pigeons of Madrid. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing suggested low levels of resistance. Presence of zoonotic agents in feral pigeons highlights the importance of surveillance programs on this species, although the relative low prevalence found suggests a limited risk to Public and Animal Health in Madrid.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marta Perez-Sancho
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Teresa García-Seco
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Concepción Porrero
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Nerea García
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Susana Gomez-Barrero
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose María Cámara
- Unidad Técnica de Control de Vectores, Ayuntamiento de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucas Domínguez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Julio Álvarez
- VISAVET Health Surveillance Centre. Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain; Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Horn RV, Bezerra WG, Lopes ES, Teixeira RS, Silva IN, Bona MD, Havt A, Cardoso WM. Antimicrobial susceptibility and diarrheagenic diagnosis of Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica isolated from feral pigeons (Columba livia) captured in Fortaleza, Brazil. PESQUISA VETERINARIA BRASILEIRA 2018. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-5150-pvb-5633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT: This study aimed to isolate Escherichia coli and Salmonella enterica from captured feral pigeons in Fortaleza, Brazil, and, in addition to evaluate the antimicrobial susceptibility profiles and diagnose diarrheagenic E. coli strains. Pigeons were captured in four public locations in Fortaleza with three techniques. Individual cloacal swab samples were collected and submitted to bacterial isolation, biochemical identification and antimicrobial susceptibility test. Disk diffusion technique was used with twelve antibiotics. E. coli strains were submitted to DNA extraction followed by PCR to diagnose five diarrheagenic pathotypes. A total of 124 birds were captured. One bird was positive for Salmonella enterica (0.81%) and 121 (97.58%) were positive for E. coli. Among these, 110 isolates were submitted to antimicrobial susceptibility test and 28.18% (31/110) presented resistance to at least one antibiotic. Resistance to azithromycin was the most frequent (21.82%), followed by tetracycline (10.91%) and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (8.9%). Multidrug resistance, calculated as a resistance to at least 3 antimicrobial classes, was identified in 3.64% (4/110) of strains. The maximum number of antimicrobial classes to which one strain was resistant was seven. Results demonstrated nine different resistance profiles and the most frequent was tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (4 strains), followed by chloramphenicol, azithromycin, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim (3 strains). Amoxicillin with clavulanic acid and tobramycin presented lowest levels of antimicrobial resistance, to which none of the tested strains were resistant. A single strain was positive for the eltB gene, which is a diagnostic tool to identify the Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) pathotype. None of the other investigated genes (stx1, stx2, estA, eaeA, ipaH, aatA and aaiC) were identified. The single isolate of S. enterica was a rough strain of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica, but serotype identification was not possible. However, this isolate presented resistance to amoxicillin, amoxicillin with clavulanic acid, tetracycline and sulfamethoxazole with trimethoprim. Therefore, captured feral pigeons of Fortaleza presented a low prevalence of S. enterica and diarrheagenic E. coli. Considering the investigated pathogens, our results suggest a good health status and a low public health risk. However, important antimicrobial resistance profiles were identified.
Collapse
|