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Moreno AA, Parker VJ, Winston JA, Rudinsky AJ. Dietary fiber aids in the management of canine and feline gastrointestinal disease. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2022; 260:S33-S45. [DOI: 10.2460/javma.22.08.0351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Dietary fiber describes a diverse assortment of nondigestible carbohydrates that play a vital role in the health of animals and maintenance of gastrointestinal tract homeostasis. The main roles dietary fiber play in the gastrointestinal tract include physically altering the digesta, modulating appetite and satiety, regulating digestion, and acting as a microbial energy source through fermentation. These functions can have widespread systemic effects. Fiber is a vital component of nearly all commercial canine and feline diets. Key features of fiber types, such as fermentability, solubility, and viscosity, have been shown to have clinical implications as well as health benefits in dogs and cats. Practitioners should know how to evaluate a diet for fiber content and the current knowledge on fiber supplementation as it relates to common enteropathies including acute diarrhea, chronic diarrhea, constipation, and hairball management. Understanding the fundamentals of dietary fiber allows the practicing clinician to use fiber optimally as a management modality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam A. Moreno
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Comparative Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Valerie J. Parker
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Comparative Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Jenessa A. Winston
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Comparative Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Adam J. Rudinsky
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- The Comparative Hepatobiliary and Intestinal Research Program, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Volpe LM, Putarov TC, Ikuma CT, Eugênio DA, Ribeiro PM, Theodoro S, Scarpim LB, Pacheco PDG, Carciofi AC. Orange fibre effects on nutrient digestibility, fermentation products in faeces and digesta mean retention time in dogs. Arch Anim Nutr 2021; 75:222-236. [PMID: 34148447 DOI: 10.1080/1745039x.2021.1925041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Fermentable fibres are used in commercial dog food to promote intestinal health by providing substrates for better metabolic activity of the gut microbiota. Brazil is the world's largest producer of oranges, from which it is possible to obtain fibre with a relevant soluble fraction. The present study compared the effects of two inclusions of orange fibre (1% and 3%, on as fed basis) with a negative control (without addition of fibre source) and two positive controls, beet pulp (3%) and purified inulin (1%), totalling five extruded diets for dogs. The experiment followed a randomised block design with 4 blocks of 10 dogs, 2 dogs per food in each block, totalling 8 dogs per diet. The apparent total tract nutrient digestibility was determined by total faecal collection. Faecal pH and fermentation product content were also measured. The digesta mean retention time (DMRT) was evaluated using plastic markers. The inclusion of a 3% fibre source in diets with 3% orange fibre and beet pulp reduced DM, OM, and energy digestibility (p < 0.05). Diets with 3% orange fibre, beet pulp and 1% inulin presented lower crude protein digestibility than the control (p < 0.05). Dietary fibre digestibility was higher for orange fibre-supplemented diets than inulin (p < 0.05). Beet pulp and 3% orange fibre inclusions resulted in increased moisture content in the faeces of dogs (p < 0.05) but did not alter DMRT. Total short-chain fatty acids were higher than the control in the faeces of dogs fed both orange fibre levels and the beet pulp-supplemented diet (p < 0.05), and the inulin diet-fed dogs presented intermediate values. Butyrate was higher in the faeces of dogs fed the diets supplemented with 1% and 3% orange fibre (p < 0.05), and similar values to the control were observed for beet pulp- and inulin-fed animals. Thus, it was concluded that orange fibre presented higher apparent total tract dietary fibre digestibility than beet pulp and had a fermentation profile in the colon that promoted the generation of butyrate, an effect not observed for inulin and beet pulp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Mantovani Volpe
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaila Cristina Putarov
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caroline Tiemi Ikuma
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Débora Alberici Eugênio
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Priscila Martins Ribeiro
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stephanie Theodoro
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Bassi Scarpim
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Peterson Dante Gavasso Pacheco
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Aulus Cavalieri Carciofi
- Faculdade De Ciências Agrárias E Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio De Mesquita Filho", Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Kröger S, Vahjen W, Zentek J. Influence of lignocellulose and low or high levels of sugar beet pulp on nutrient digestibility and the fecal microbiota in dogs. J Anim Sci 2017; 95:1598-1605. [DOI: 10.2527/jas.2016.0873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Water content of faeces is higher in the afternoon than in the morning in morning-fed dogs fed diets containing texturised vegetable protein from soya. Br J Nutr 2011; 106 Suppl 1:S202-5. [PMID: 22005429 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511000833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Faecal moisture content can determine whether faeces appear soft or firm, and faecal character can influence whether owners are satisfied with a dog food. In a previous study, dogs appeared to produce softer faeces after noon. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether time of defecation affected canine faecal water content. A total of eight hound dogs were fed one of four canned diets as a single meal each morning for 1 week per diet in a Latin square design. All four diets contained approximately 77 % moisture and, on a DM basis, 24 MJ/kg gross energy, 23 % crude protein, 32 % crude fat, 31 % N-free extract and 1 % crude fibre. The proportion of dietary protein from soya-derived texturised vegetable protein (TVP):beef was 0:100, 14:86, 29:71 and 57:43, respectively. Soya carbohydrate partially replaced maize starch as TVP increased. Faeces were collected by direct catch during the sixth morning and afternoon of each diet period. Mean faecal moisture content was greater in the afternoon than in the morning (79 v. 71 %; P = 0.01) and increased with dietary TVP (P ≤ 0.0001), and there was an interaction between time of day and percentage TVP (P = 0.003). Faecal moisture content differed from morning to afternoon only with TVP in the diet. Faecal wet weight was similar from morning to afternoon. This suggests that time of day and presence of TVP from soya should be taken into account when evaluating the effect of a diet on faecal form and moisture content in dogs fed once daily.
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Ogué-Bon E, Gibson GR, Rastall RA. The application of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics in companion animals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1616/1476-2137.15841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Feline colonic morphology and mucosal tissue energetics as influenced via the source of dietary fiber. Nutr Res 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0271-5317(00)00189-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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