Barac A, Mitulovic G, Hallström S, Zehetmayer S, Grasl MC, Erovic BM. Impact of combined treatment with nimesulide and cisplatin on oral carcinoma cells.
Onco Targets Ther 2017;
10:3607-3616. [PMID:
28790852 PMCID:
PMC5530852 DOI:
10.2147/ott.s131106]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
Despite significant advances in diagnosis and therapy, the rate of survival of patients with oral cancers still remains poor as an appropriate treatment has not been found yet, due to side effects of chemo/radiotherapy.
Aim
This study aimed to identify molecular mechanisms of cell death of oral cancer cells caused by treatment with a nonselective Cox-2 inhibitor in combination with a low-dose chemotherapeutic drug.
Methods
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells SCC9 and SCC25 were subjected to mono- and combination therapy with nimesulide and cisplatin. Fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS), immunohistochemistry, high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC), microarray gene chips, and isobaric tags for a relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) system were used.
Results
Increased numbers of apoptotic and necrotic SCC9/SCC25 cells were detected after combined exposure. ATP levels and the energy charge of SCC9 cells were significantly decreased after both individual and combined treatment. We detected and quantified a responsible gene, keratin 6a, and 540 relevant proteins. In SCC25 cells, ATP levels significantly decreased only after combination therapy. After combined treatment of SCC9 cells, significant upregulation of Histon-H2A/H2B/H4 was found, with a local discovery false rate of 0.003 for Histon-H2A and 0.0027 for Histon-H2B, respectively.
Conclusion
Compared to the single-drug treatment, combined treatment of the oral cancer cells with nimesulide and cisplatin increases and induces necrosis and apoptosis through different pathways. A significant effect of the cytoplasmic increase was also observed in histones of cell lines SCC9 and SCC25 that were previously treated with combined nimesulide and cisplatin therapy.
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