1
|
Othman MS, Khonsue W, Kitana J, Thirakhupt K, Robson M, Borjan M, Kitana N. Hepatic metallothionein and Glutathione-S-Transferase responses in two populations of rice frogs, Fejervarya limnocharis, naturally exposed to different environmental cadmium levels. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2012; 89:225-8. [PMID: 22722596 PMCID: PMC4040289 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-012-0708-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Accepted: 06/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione-S-Transferase (GST) and metallothionein are important biomarker endpoints in studying the effect of Cd exposure. The purpose of this research was to study the correlation between hepatic GST and metallothionein with hepatic Cd in wild Fejervarya limnocharis exposed to environmental Cd. Results showed that frogs from contaminated sites had significantly higher hepatic metallothionein (3.58 mg/kg wet weight) and GST activity (0.259 μmol/min/mg total protein) than those from the reference site (2.36 mg/kg wet weight and 0.157 μmol/min/mg total protein respectively). There was a significantly positive correlation between hepatic Cd and GST activity (r = 0.802, p = 0.009) but not between hepatic Cd and metallothionein (r = 0.548, p = 0.139). The results concluded that while frogs from the contaminated site had higher GST and metallothionein, only GST showed significant positive correlation with hepatic Cd levels, indicating that hepatic GST activity may be used as a biomarker endpoint.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Sham Othman
- Environmental Health & Industrial Safety Program, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; International Postgraduate Programs in Environmental Management, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (NCE-EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wichase Khonsue
- National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (NCE-EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirarach Kitana
- National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (NCE-EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kumthorn Thirakhupt
- National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (NCE-EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mark Robson
- National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (NCE-EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Thai Fogarty International Training and Research in Environmental and Occupational Health Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Marija Borjan
- School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Thai Fogarty International Training and Research in Environmental and Occupational Health Center, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Noppadon Kitana
- National Center of Excellence for Environmental and Hazardous Waste Management (NCE-EHWM), Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lacorn M, Piechotta G, Simat TJ, Kammann U, Wosniok W, Lang T, Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Jenke HS, Steinhart H. Annual cycles of apoptosis, DNA strand breaks, heat shock proteins, and metallothionen isoforms in dab (Limanda limanda): influences of natural factors and consequences for biological effect monitoring. Biomarkers 2008; 6:108-26. [DOI: 10.1080/1354750001xxxxxxx] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Markus Lacorn
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Gundula Piechotta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany and Federal Research Centre for Fisheries, Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas J Simat
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ulrike Kammann
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany and Federal Research Centre for Fisheries, Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Werner Wosniok
- Federal Research Centre for Fisheries, Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Lang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany and Federal Research Centre for Fisheries, Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Werner E. G. Müller
- Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Postfach 330440, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- Institute of Statistics, University of Bremen, Postfach 330440, 28334 Bremen, Germany
| | - Hans-Stephan Jenke
- Institute of Biochemistry and Food Science, University of Hamburg, Grindellallee 117, 20146 Hamburg, Germany and Federal Research Centre for Fisheries, Institute of Fisheries Ecology, Wüstland 2, 22589 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans Steinhart
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University of Mainz, Duesbergwet 6, 55099 Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Aït-Aïssa S, Ausseil O, Palluel O, Vindimian E, Garnier-Laplace J, Porcher JM. Biomarker responses in juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) after single and combined exposure to low doses of cadmium, zinc, PCB77 and 17beta-oestradiol. Biomarkers 2004; 8:491-508. [PMID: 15195680 DOI: 10.1080/13547500310001640037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine (i) the biochemical responses of rainbow trout exposed to sublethal water concentrations of the metals cadmium (Cd) (1.5 microg l(-1)) and zinc (Zn) (150 microg l(-1)); and (ii) the potential combined effects when applied in mixture (Cd/Zn) with and without co-exposure to model organic chemicals 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) (1 mg kg (-1)) and 17beta-oestradiol (E2) (0.5 mg kg(-1)). After 21 days of exposure, several biomarkers were assessed in the liver (enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants, heat shock proteins [HSP70 and HSP60], ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase [EROD]) and in the plasma (vitellogenin [Vtg], aminotransferases). Plasma aminotransferases were not affected, whereas the other biomarkers showed different patterns of response depending on the treatment. For example, Cd, and Zn to a lesser extent, induced an adaptive response in the liver shown by an increase in antioxidant defences (total glutathione [GSH], superoxide dismutase, Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity [TEAC]), without any impairment of GSH redox status or induction of heat shock proteins. Antagonistic effects were observed in GSH-related biomarkers after Cd/Zn exposure. PCB77 strongly induced EROD activity, HSP70 and TEAC. Co-exposure with metals did not modulate significantly the effects of PCB77. E2 induced Vtg and inhibited liver antioxidants and basal EROD activity. These inhibitory effects were suppressed in fishes exposed to E2 + Cd/Zn, suggesting additive effects of E2 and metals. In addition, E2-induced Vtg was not altered by metals. Multivariate analyses confirmed some correlation between the biomarkers. The use of complementary biomarkers is necessary to discriminate different treatments and to highlight interactive effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Aït-Aïssa
- Ecotoxicological Risks Assessment Unit, National Institute of Industrial Environment and Risks, BP 2, f-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cejas JR, Almansa E, Jérez S, Bolaños A, Samper M, Lorenzo A. Lipid and fatty acid composition of muscle and liver from wild and captive mature female broodstocks of white seabream, Diplodus sargus. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2004; 138:91-102. [PMID: 15142540 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2004.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2003] [Revised: 01/27/2004] [Accepted: 03/04/2004] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Total lipids (TL), lipid classes, and their associated fatty acids from muscle and liver of captive and wild mature female broodstocks were investigated in order to estimate the fatty acid requirements of white seabream (Diplodus sargus). The results showed that the percentage of triacylglycerol was higher in liver and muscle of captive fish than in wild fish. The distribution of phospholipid classes in liver and muscle of both fish groups was similar, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol being the predominant lipid classes. The general pattern of fatty acid distribution in total lipid of liver and muscle from captive and wild fish was similar. However, the relative percentage of specific fatty acids differed in captive and wild fish. The most noteworthy difference was the lower proportion of arachidonic acid (20:4n-6, AA) and the higher proportion of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) in liver and muscle of captive fish with respect to those of wild fish. The proportion of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) did not differ between the two fish groups. The differences in EPA and AA proportions between captive and wild fish implied that captive fish presented a higher EPA/AA ratio and a lower DHA/EPA ratio than wild fish. In general terms, in both liver and muscle, the differences in fatty acid composition observed for TL were extended to all lipid classes. The results suggest that the different AA, EPA and DHA proportions in liver and muscle between captive and wild broodstocks are attributed to different levels of these fatty acids in broodstock diets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juana Rosa Cejas
- Centro Oceanográfico de Canarias (I.E.O.), Crta. de San Andrés s/n, 38120, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tash JS, Kim S, Schuber M, Seibt D, Kinsey WH. Fertilization of sea urchin eggs and sperm motility are negatively impacted under low hypergravitational forces significant to space flight. Biol Reprod 2001; 65:1224-31. [PMID: 11566747 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod65.4.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm and other flagellates swim faster in microgravity (microG) than in 1 G, raising the question of whether fertilization is altered under conditions of space travel. Such alterations have implications for reproduction of plant and animal food and for long-term space habitation by man. We previously demonstrated that microG accelerates protein phosphorylation during initiation of sperm motility but delays the sperm response to the egg chemotactic factor, speract. Thus sperm are sensitive to changes in gravitational force. New experiments using the NiZeMi centrifugal microscope examined whether low hypergravity (hyperG) causes effects opposite to microG on sperm motility, signal transduction, and fertilization. Sperm % motility and straight-line velocity were significantly inhibited by as little as 1.3 G. The phosphorylation states of FP130, an axonemal phosphoprotein, and FP160, a cAMP-dependent salt-extractable flagellar protein, both coupled to motility activation, showed a more rapid decline in hyperG. Most critically, hyperG caused an approximately 50% reduction in both the rate of sperm-egg binding and fertilization. The similar extent of inhibition of both fertilization parameters in hyperG suggests that the primary effect is on sperm rather than eggs. These results not only support our earlier microG data demonstrating that sperm are sensitive to small changes in gravitational forces but more importantly now show that this sensitivity affects the ability of sperm to fertilize eggs. Thus, more detailed studies on the impact of space flight on development should include studies of sperm function and fertilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J S Tash
- Department of Molecular & Integrative Physiology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas 66160, USA.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Becker KA, Hart NH. Reorganization of filamentous actin and myosin-II in zebrafish eggs correlates temporally and spatially with cortical granule exocytosis. J Cell Sci 1999; 112 ( Pt 1):97-110. [PMID: 9841907 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.112.1.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The zebrafish egg provides a useful experimental system to study events of fertilization, including exocytosis. We show by differential interference contrast videomicroscopy that cortical granules are: (1) released nonsynchronously over the egg surface and (2) mobilized to the plasma membrane in two phases, depending upon vesicle size and location. Turbidometric assay measurements of the timing and extent of exocytosis revealed a steady release of small granules during the first 30 seconds of egg activation. This was followed by an explosive discharge of large granules, beginning at 30 seconds and continuing for 1–2 minutes. Stages of single granule exocytosis and subsequent remodeling of the egg surface were imaged by either real-time or time-lapse videomicroscopy as well as scanning electron microscopy. Cortical granule translocation and fusion with the plasma membrane were followed by the concurrent expansion of a fusion pore and release of granule contents. A dramatic rearrangement of the egg surface followed exocytosis. Cortical crypts (sites of evacuated granules) displayed a purse-string-like contraction, resulting in their gradual flattening and disappearance from the egg surface. We tested the hypothesis that subplasmalemmal filamentous (F-) actin acts as a physical barrier to secretion and is locally disassembled prior to granule release. Experimental results showed a reduction of rhodamine-phalloidin and antimyosin staining at putative sites of secretion, acceleration of the timing and extent of granule release in eggs pretreated with cytochalasin D, and dose-dependent inhibition of exocytosis in permeabilized eggs preincubated with phalloidin. An increase in assembled actin was detected by fluorometric assay during the period of exocytosis. Localization studies showed that F-actin and myosin-II codistributed with an inward-moving, membrane-delimited zone of cytoplasm that circumscribed cortical crypts during their transformation. Furthermore, cortical crypts displayed a distinct delay in transformation when incubated continuously with cytochalasin D following egg activation. We propose that closure of cortical crypts is driven by a contractile ring whose forces depend upon dynamic actin filaments and perhaps actomyosin interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K A Becker
- Rutgers University, Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, Busch Campus, Nelson Biology Laboratories, Piscataway, NJ 08854-8082, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Matese JC, McClay DR. Cortical granule exocytosis is triggered by different thresholds of calcium during fertilisation in sea urchin eggs. ZYGOTE 1998; 6:55-64, 65a. [PMID: 9652072 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199400005086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In sea urchin eggs, fertilisation is followed by a calcium wave, cortical granule exocytosis and fertilisation envelope elevation. Both the calcium wave and cortical granule exocytosis sweep across the egg in a wave initiated at the point of sperm entry. Using differential interference contrast (DIC) microscopy combined with laser scanning confocal microscopy, populations of cortical granules undergoing calcium-induced exocytosis were observed in living urchin eggs. Calcium imaging using the indicator Calcium Green-dextran was combined with an image subtraction technique for visual isolation of individual exocytotic events. Relative fluorescence levels of the calcium indicator during the fertilisation wave were compared with cortical fusion events. In localised regions of the egg, there is a 6s delay between the detection of calcium release and fusion of cortical granules. The rate of calcium accumulation was altered experimentally to ask whether this delay was necessary to achieve a threshold concentration of calcium to trigger fusion, or was a time-dependent activation of the cortical granule fusion apparatus after the 'triggering' event. Calcium release rate was attenuated by blocking inositol 1,4,5-triphospate (InsP3)-gated channels with heparin. Heparin extended the time necessary to achieve a minimum concentration of calcium at the sites of cortical granule exocytosis. The data are consistent with the conclusion that much of the delay observed normally is necessary to reach threshold concentration of calcium. Cortical granules then fuse with the plasma membrane. Further, once the minimum threshold calcium concentration is reached, cortical granule fusion with the plasma membrane occurs in a pattern suggesting that cortical granules are non-uniform in their calcium sensitivity threshold.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Matese
- Zoology Department, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-1000, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|